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101.
可育的抗除草剂溴苯腈转基因小麦 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
报道了采用微粒轰击(Microprojectile bom bardm ent) 幼胚将除草剂抗性基因导入小麦(Triticumaestivum L.)的转化研究。实验共使用了13 个小麦品种, 从开花后14~18 d 的籽粒中剥取幼胚, 植物表达质粒含有CaMV 35S启动子控制的除草剂溴苯腈抗性基因bxn 以及筛选标记基因NTPⅡ。采用高压放电基因枪,用质粒DNA 包被的钨粒轰击预培养3 d 的幼胚。在含有卡那霉素类似物geneticin G418sulphate 的MS培养基上, 经过多步骤筛选和分化, 从800 多个幼胚中获得了16 株转化苗。除草剂抗性鉴定和Southern 杂交分析证明, 其中4 株为转基因植物,具有溴苯腈抗性, 并且自交可育。转化工作从分离幼胚到转化苗鉴定完毕, 最短时间为6 个月, 因此, 该方法是一项快速有效的基因导入技术 相似文献
102.
Li-Xin Zhang Hou-Guo Liang Jun Wang Wen-Rui Li Tian-Zhi Yu 《Photosynthesis research》1996,48(3):379-384
The 33 kDa protein of Photosystem II has one intrachain disulfide bond. Fluorescence spectroscopy shows that the major groups in the protein that bind to Ca2+ should be the carboxylic side groups of glutamic acid and/or aspartic acid. Fluorescence and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic studies indicate that the conformation of the 33 kDa protein is altered upon reduction, while the reduced protein still retains the secondary structure. FTIR spectroscopy also shows that the metal ions induce a relative decrease of unordered structure and -sheet, and a substantial increase of -helix in both the intact and the reduced 33 kDa protein. This indicates that the addition of cations results in a much more compact structure and that both the intact and the reduced 33 kDa proteins have the ability to bind calcium. The above results may suggest that the disulfide bridge is not essential for calcium binding.Abbreviations CD
circular dichroism
- FTIR
Fourier transform infrared
- La
lanthanum
- PS
photosystem
- Tb
terbium 相似文献
103.
The terminal process of xylogenesis, autolysis, is essential for the formation of a tubular system for conduction of water and solutes throughout the whole plant. Several hydrolase types are implicated in autolysis responsible for the breakdown of cytoplasm. Here, we characterize p48h-17 cDNA from in vitro tracheary elements (TEs) of Zinnia elegans which encodes a preproprotein similar to papain. The putative mature protein, a cysteine protease, has a molecular mass of 22,699 Da with a pI of 5.7. DNA gel blot analysis indicated that p48h-17 is likely encoded by one or two genes. The p48h-17 mRNA accumulated markedly in in vitro differentiating TEs, whereas it appeared not to be induced in response to senescence and wounding in the leaves or H2O2 challenge in the cultured mesophyll cells. In stems, the expression of the p48h-17 gene was preferentially associated with differentiating xylem. Activity gel assays demonstrated that a cysteine and a serine protease, which had apparent molecular masses of 20 kDa and 60 kDa, respectively, were markedly induced during in vitro TE differentiation. The cysteine protease activity was also preferentially present in the xylem of Zinnia stems. Transient expression of the p48h-17 cDNA in tobacco protoplasts resulted in the production of a 20 kDa cysteine protease. Taken together, the results indicate that the p48h-17 gene appears to be preferentially associated with xylogenesis, and both the cysteine and serine proteases might be involved in autolysis during xylogenesis. 相似文献
104.
Shuji Nakamura David W. Stock Karen L. Wydner Jacques A. Bollekens Kenichi Takeshita Brian M. Nagai Shigeru Chiba Toshio Kitamura Thomas M. Freeland Zhiyong Zhao Jun Minowada Jeanne B. Lawrence Kenneth M. Weiss Frank H. Ruddle 《Genomics》1996,38(3):314
We have cloned a new Dlx gene (Dlx7) from human and mouse that may represent the mammalian orthologue of the newt geneNvHBox-5.The homeodomains of these genes are highly similar to all other vertebrate Dlx genes, and regions of similarity also exist between mammalian Dlx7 and a subset of vertebrate Dlx genes downstream of the homeodomain. The sequence divergence between human and mouse Dlx7 in these regions is greater than that predicted from comparisons of other vertebrate Dlx genes, however, and there is little sequence similarity upstream of the homeodomain both between these two genes and with other Dlx genes. We present evidence for alternative splicing of mouseDlx7upstream of the homeodomain that may account for some of this divergence. We have mapped humanDLX7distal to the 5′ end of the HOXB cluster at an estimated distance of between 1 and 2 Mb by FISH. Both the human and the mouse Dlx7 are shown to be closely linked to Dlx3 in a convergently transcribed orientation. These mapping results support the possibility that vertebrate distal-less genes have been duplicated in concert with the Hox clusters. 相似文献
105.
Kazutoyo Osoegawa Rie Susukida Saishi Okano Jun Kudoh Shinsei Minoshima Nobuyoshi Shimizu Pieter J. de Jong Juergen Groet Jane Ives Hans Lehrach Dean Nizetic Eiichi Soeda 《Genomics》1996,32(3):375
The major phenotypic features of Down syndrome have been correlated with partial trisomies of chromosome 21, allowing us to define the candidate gene region to a 4-Mb segment on the 21q22.2 band. We present here a high-resolution physical map with megabase-sized cosmid/PAC contigs. This ordered clone library has provided unique material for the integration of a variety of mappable objects, including exons, cDNAs, restriction sites, etc. Furthermore, our results have exemplified a strategy for the completion of the chromosome 21 map to sequencing. 相似文献
106.
107.
控制大豆白花亲本籽粒脐色的基因有带R与r之分,带R基因的白花产本与紫花亲本杂交,F1代籽料出现蓝脐性状,其基因型为I-R-W1-tt。当控制脐色的基因有两对相差时(R、r;W1、w1)F2代籽粒脐色分离蓝脐与无色脐之比为9∶7。 相似文献
108.
将编码人单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)的基因亚克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pEX31A中,在大肠杆菌中表达出MS2/MCP-1融合蛋0白,该表达产物约占菌体总蛋白的15%左右,Westernblot检测表明,表达产物可与MCP-1抗体特异反应。采用琼脂糖平板法进行活性测定表明,表达产物具有明显的单核细胞趋化活性,说明N端融合一段细菌蛋白对MCP-1有无趋化活性可能没有影响。 相似文献
109.
Jun Motoyama Keiko Taki Noriko Osumi-Yamashita Kazuhiro Eto 《Development, growth & differentiation》1994,36(3):281-288
We isolated mesenchymal cells from individual facial primordia of mouse embryos on 11 days post coitum and examined the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on chondrogenesis, induction of cell death, and the protein expression of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) β and γ in micromass culture. Under the control condition, cells of both medial and lateral nasal prominences (MNP and LNP) displayed high chondrogenic potential, while those of maxillary and mandibular prominences (Mx and Md) had constant growth activity and low chondrogenic potential. Though none of the cells expressed detectable levels of the RAR β protein, RAR γ was expressed in the cells of all the facial primordia. One μM RA inhibited the chondrogenesis, and induced cell death accompanied with the induction of the RAR β protein in LNP, MX and Md cells within 6 hr. On the contrary, both cell death and RAR β protein induction were detected in the MNP cells treated with RA for 24 hr. These results suggest that the RAR β is involved in the process of the cell death induced by the RA treatment in the mesenchymal cells of the mouse facial primordia. 相似文献
110.
Ying Cao Jun Adachi Axel Janke Svante Pääbo Masami Hasegawa 《Journal of molecular evolution》1994,39(5):519-527
The phylogenetic relationships among Primates (human), Artiodactyla (cow), Cetacea (whale), Carnivora (seal), and Rodentia (mouse and rat) were estimated from the inferred amino acid sequences of the mitochondrial genomes using Marsupialia (opossum), Aves (chicken), and Amphibia (Xenopus) as an outgroup. The overall evidence of the maximum likelihood analysis suggests that Rodentia is an outgroup to the other four eutherian orders and that Cetacea and Artiodactyla form a clade with Carnivora as a sister taxon irrespective of the assumed model for amino acid substitutions. Although there remains an uncertainty concerning the relation among Artiodactyla, Cetacea, and Carnivora, the existence of a clade formed by these three orders and the outgroup status of Rodentia to the other eutherian orders seems to be firmly established. However, analyses of individual genes do not necessarily conform to this conclusion, and some of the genes reject the putatively correct tree with nearly 5% significance. Although this discrepancy can be due to convergent or parallel evolution in the specific genes, it was pointed out that, even without a particular reason, such a discrepancy can occur in 5% of the cases if the branching among the orders in question occurred within a short period. Due to uncertainty about the assumed model underlying the phylogenetic inference, this can occur even more frequently. This demonstrates the importance of analyzing enough sequences to avoid the danger of concluding an erroneous tree. 相似文献