Concentration of circulating microparticles: a new biomarker of acute heart failure after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Acute heart failure(AHF) is a severe complication after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). Although some AHF biomarkers have been used in clinic, they have limitations when applied in the prediction and diagnosis of AHF after cardiac surgery with CPB, and there are still no effective and specific biomarkers. We and other researchers have shown that circulating microparticles(MPs) increased in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. However, whether the concentration of circulating MPs could be a new biomarker for AHF after cardiac surgery remains unknown. Here, 90 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB and 45 healthy subjects were enrolled. Patients were assigned into AHF(n=14) or non-AHF(n=76) group according to the diagnosis criteria of AHF. The concentrations of circulating MPs were determined before, as well as 12 h and 3 days after operation with nanoparticle tracking analysis technique. MPs concentrations in patients before surgery were significantly higher than those of healthy subjects. Plasma levels of MPs were significantly elevated at 12 h after surgery in patients with AHF, but not in those without AHF, and the circulating MPs concentrations at 12 h after surgery were higher in AHF group compared with non-AHF group. Logistic regression analysis indicated that MPs concentration at postoperative 12 h was an independent risk factor for AHF. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve for MPs concentration at postoperative 12 h was 0.87 and the best cut-off value is 5.20×10~8 particles mL~(–1) with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 70%. These data suggested that the concentration of circulating MPs might be a new biomarker for the occurrence of AHF after cardiac surgery with CPB.     

基于地域区划的广东省陆域生态系统服务簇与模式识别

识别区域生态系统服务簇及其结构模式,是揭示人地系统客观规律的前提和基础。基于中国气候区划、农业自然区划和主体功能区划成果和三级流域单元,并遵循统一性、一致性、区域共轭性等规律,坚持尽可能保持自然与行政边界完整性的原则,对广东省陆域进行自上而下为主的地域区划,以最大化保持流域单元和生态系统的完整性;按照区划单元测算粮食供给、原料生产、水资源供给等12项区域典型生态系统服务价值量和z-score分值,最后运用K-均值聚类法,进行生态系统服务簇与模式识别。得到以下结果：广东省陆域涵盖中亚热带、南亚热带和边缘热带3个自然地带,可划分为9个经济片区共34个自然的流域单元,形成了"3+9+34"的三级地域区划方案;识别出水文调节保护型、水土保持调节型、生态保育公园型、生态宜居和谐型、综合协调供给型共5类生态系统服务簇的结构模式,展示出广东省陆域生态系统服务簇以珠三角为核心的空间对称分布模式;受地形、地貌等自然地理环境和土地利用等人类活动的影响,不同区域生态系统服务簇各具独特的地形和地理特征,承担着的生态系统服务功能各异。基于这些结果,研究提出生态系统服务簇模式的差异化生态系统管控措施,为省域国土空间规划的实践提供研究支撑。     

载畜率对内蒙古荒漠草原冷蒿种群资源分配格局的影响

研究植物的资源分配格局以揭示其对环境变化的响应机制有重要的生态学意义。以内蒙古短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)草原冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)种群为研究对象,设置4个载畜率水平的随机区组试验,由冷蒿地上、地下及各构件生物量的变化入手,探讨了载畜率对该种群资源分配格局的影响规律,为退化草地的恢复及合理的放牧管理提供参考。结果表明:(1)冷蒿种群的高度随载畜率的增大而显著降低(P0.05),中度与重度放牧显著降低了该种群的盖度(P0.05),轻度放牧使该种群密度显著增加(P0.05);(2)地上、地下生物量及总生物量均随载畜率的增加而显著降低(P0.05),3a的年际效应及载畜率与年际的互作效应对总生物量、地上和地下生物量的影响差异均显著(P0.05);(3)生物量分配的总体格局是根茎叶花/果,且各构件的生物量均随着载畜率的增加而减少;(4)各构件的生物量分配比例对载畜率的响应不同,中度与重度放牧显著增大了生物量在根的分配(P0.05),茎的生物量分配在轻度放牧显著增加,重度放牧显著降低(P0.05),轻度与中度放牧显著促进了叶的生物量分配(P0.05),花/果的生物量分配随载畜率的增加而显著降低(P0.05);(5)随着载畜率的增大,冷蒿的有性繁殖能力减弱,而无性繁殖能力增强。     

浙江省野生蜡梅花部形态变异及其与环境因子的相关性

以浙江省蜡梅自然分布区的5个居群为研究对象,采用巢式方差分析、主成分分析、相关分析、聚类分析等多种分析方法,探究蜡梅花部的形态变异及其与环境因子相关性以及居群间和居群内的表型多样性。结果表明:蜡梅花部性状中除雄蕊长度、雌蕊数、雌蕊长度、内被片数以外,其他12个性状在居群间均有极显著差异。胚珠数的平均变异系数最大,花冠内径的平均变异系数最小,各性状的平均变异系数为15.03%(10.81%—23.38%)。五尖山的表型多样性最丰富,碧东山居群最小,种群间平均表型分化系数为44.38%(1.57%—89.62%),种群内变异大于种群间变异,种群内变异是花部变异的主要来源。主成分分析显示花冠直径、花冠内径、花筒深度和中被片长对种群变异起主要贡献作用。花部多数性状间存在显著或极显著的相关关系,生态因子中花部性状与土壤酸度相关性最大,土壤中花部性状与大量元素相关性最大,微量元素次之,中量元素最小。通过UPGMA聚类分析可以将5个种群分成两组。浙江省野生蜡梅花部形态存在丰富的变异和多样性,花部部分性状与土壤中钙、铁、铜含量和海拔有显著或极显著相关关系。     

辽东栎幼苗生长对种子大小和子叶去除处理的响应

该文在温室内盆播条件下,设置不去除子叶(对照)、去除1/4子叶(轻度子叶去除)、1/2子叶(中度子叶去除)和3/4子叶(重度子叶去除)4个处理,研究了种子大小和子叶去除处理对辽东栎幼苗生长及其形态学可塑性的影响.结果表明:(1)大种子幼苗株高、基茎、叶片数、单株叶面积、总干质量和根冠比在所有处理均大于小种子幼苗,除株高...     

表达TNFR-Fc融合蛋白的GS-CHO细胞动态流加培养过程的设计

人肿瘤坏死因子受体Ⅱ-Fc融合蛋白在治疗风湿性、类风湿性关节炎方面拥有广阔的市场前景和巨大的经济价值。本实验以表达TNFR-Fc融合蛋白的GS-CHO细胞为研究对象,结合细胞生长代谢特性和动力学参数分析,以葡萄糖为关键控制参数,通过测定培养上清的葡萄糖浓度对培养过程中的葡萄糖消耗进行及时的预测,调整流加速率,形成了以满足细胞生长代谢需要为基本原则的动态流加培养过程设计模型。在此控制模型指导下,建立了高效的流加培养过程。使最大活细胞密度和最大融合蛋白浓度分别达9.4×106cells/mL和207mg/L,较批次培养分别提高了3.4倍和3倍。本研究所采用的研究方法和控制策略为优化GS-CHO细胞培养过程和TNFR-Fc融合蛋白成功迈向产业化奠定了基础。     

Soil nitrous oxide emissions from a typical semiarid temperate steppe in inner Mongolia: effects of mineral nitrogen fertilizer levels and forms

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions can be significantly affected by the amounts and forms of nitrogen (N) available in soils, but the effect is highly dependent on local climate and soil conditions in specific ecosystem. To improve our understanding of the response of N₂O emissions to different N sources of fertilizer in a typical semiarid temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia, a 2-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of high, medium and low N fertilizer levels (HN: 200 kg N?ha^-1y^-1, MN: 100 kg N ha^-1y^-1, and LN: 50 kg N ha^-1y^-1) respectively and N fertilizer forms (CAN: calcium ammonium nitrate, AS: ammonium sulphate and NS: sodium nitrate) on N₂O emissions using static closed chamber method. Our data showed that peak N₂O fluxes induced by N treatments were concentrated in short periods (2 to 3 weeks) after fertilization in summer and in soil thawing periods in early spring; there were similarly low N₂O fluxes from all treatments in the remaining seasons of the year. The three N levels increased annual N₂O emissions significantly (P?<?0.05) in the order of MN > HN > LN compared with the CK (control) treatment in year 1; in year 2, the elevation of annual N₂O emissions was significant (P?<?0.05) by HN and MN treatments but was insignificant by LN treatments (P?>?0.05). The three N forms also had strong effects on N₂O emissions. Significantly (P?<?0.05) higher annual N₂O emissions were observed in the soils of CAN and AS fertilizer treatments than in the soils of NS fertilizer treatments in both measured years, but the difference between CAN and AS was not significant (P?>?0.05). Annual N₂O emission factors (EF) ranged from 0.060 to 0.298% for different N fertilizer treatments in the two observed years, with an overall EF value of 0.125%. The EF values were by far less than the mean default EF proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).     

Ultrastructural observations of the early and late stages of gorgonian coral (Junceella juncea) oocytes

The developmental oogenesis of gorgonian coral was investigated at the histological level. The objective of this study was to examine and improve the understanding of Junceella juncea oogenesis using ultrastructural methods, such as histological sectioning and transmission electron microscopy. At least three types of yolk materials were observed in this study: yolk body, lipid granules and cortical alveoli. Some of the complex yolk materials were encompassed by concentric or arched layers of smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex in early stage oocytes. Different types of vesicles were found in both early and late stage oocytes and some granules could be seen inside the empty vesicles. This may be a possible method for elaborating complex yolk materials. Homogeneous yolks from different types of inclusions were abundant and the autosynthesis of yolk may be a major mechanism in J. juncea oocytes. This is the first report of the ultrastructural observation of oogenesis in gorgonian coral species using transmission electron microscopy. Our study obtained relatively detailed information at the ultrastructural level, and it provides an overview of the oocyte ultrastucture of the gorgonian coral J. juncea.     

尖叶胡枝子总黄酮含量测定方法(比色法)的优化

采用NaOH-Al(NO₃)₃-NaNO₂比色法对尖叶胡枝子的总黄酮含量进行测定。以芦丁为对照品,检测波长为510 nm。结果表明,在０～1 g·L^-1范围内,芦丁吸光度与其质量浓度呈良好的线性关系（r＝0.999 8）,对测定方法的稳定性、精密度、重现性及回收率进行试验,相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.199%～1.023%。根据拟合的线性回归方程对尖叶胡枝子不同提取液中总黄酮进行定量,所得测定数据分别为0.029 0、0.024 0、0.315 0、0.379 0和0.012 4 ｇ/Ｌ。该方法简便、快速、准确,可作为尖叶胡枝子中总黄酮含量的测定方法。