全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1007篇 |
免费 | 84篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
1094篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 12篇 |
2022年 | 12篇 |
2021年 | 30篇 |
2020年 | 33篇 |
2019年 | 27篇 |
2018年 | 31篇 |
2017年 | 28篇 |
2016年 | 37篇 |
2015年 | 69篇 |
2014年 | 69篇 |
2013年 | 76篇 |
2012年 | 114篇 |
2011年 | 103篇 |
2010年 | 51篇 |
2009年 | 49篇 |
2008年 | 63篇 |
2007年 | 56篇 |
2006年 | 54篇 |
2005年 | 45篇 |
2004年 | 32篇 |
2003年 | 31篇 |
2002年 | 33篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1094条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
101.
102.
Saini S Koirala S Floess E Mears PJ Chemla YR Golding I Aldridge C Aldridge PD Rao CV 《Journal of bacteriology》2010,192(24):6477-6481
FliZ is an activator of class 2 flagellar gene expression in Salmonella enterica. To understand its role in flagellar assembly, we investigated how FliZ affects gene expression dynamics. We demonstrate that FliZ participates in a positive-feedback loop that induces a kinetic switch in class 2 gene expression. 相似文献
103.
Foraging tactics of chick-rearing Crozet shags: individuals display repetitive activity and diving patterns over time 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
It is in the interest of resident and long-lived benthic foragers to learn to apply efficient foraging tactics throughout their lifetime, thus increasing their individual efficiency. To test whether individuals are capable of applying an individual-specific foraging pattern, we checked for the existence of established foraging routines. Using ventrally attached time-depth recorders, we studied the individual foraging tactics of chick-rearing Crozet shags (Phalacrocorax melanogenis, Blyth 1860), as measured by the consistency in individual daily activity patterns and diving profiles over time. Individuals displayed a fidelity to the time of first daily trip to sea and also a strong fidelity to one, two or three depth ranges day after day. We suggest foraging area fidelity, a behaviour that could help increase foraging efficiency thanks to the memorization of the bottom’s topography and the habits of its fauna, as a hypothesis for explaining some of these patterns. We propose the question of foraging area fidelity should be more specifically addressed in the future. 相似文献
104.
105.
Measles is a potential lethal disease, justifying large immunization campaigns. Attenuated strains are used in immunization with very good safety records. Interestingly, following clinical observations of tumor regressions after measles infection, preclinical and clinical studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of attenuated strains of measles. The aim of this review is to explain how these viruses can selectively infect and kill cancer cells, and how this selectivity can be improved. We will detail the therapeutic strategies under development, in particular the combination of viruses with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Furthermore, the engineering of measles viruses encoding the sodium/iodide symporter could enable virus-directed radio-isotope therapy. Antiviral immunity could be a limit of measles therapy. We will highlight the promising combinations with immunosuppressive drugs and innovative strategies using infected cell carriers, aiming at circumventing the immune response and paving the way to future clinical trials. 相似文献
106.
In "The ends of a large RNA molecule are necessarily close", Yoffe et al. (Nucleic Acids Res 39(1):292-299, 2011) used the programs RNAfold [resp. RNAsubopt] from Vienna RNA Package to calculate the distance between 5' and 3' ends of the minimum free energy secondary structure [resp. thermal equilibrium structures] of viral and random RNA sequences. Here, the 5'-3' distance is defined to be the length of the shortest path from 5' node to 3' node in the undirected graph, whose edge set consists of edges {i, i + 1} corresponding to covalent backbone bonds and of edges {i, j} corresponding to canonical base pairs. From repeated simulations and using a heuristic theoretical argument, Yoffe et al. conclude that the 5'-3' distance is less than a fixed constant, independent of RNA sequence length. In this paper, we provide a rigorous, mathematical framework to study the expected distance from 5' to 3' ends of an RNA sequence. We present recurrence relations that precisely define the expected distance from 5' to 3' ends of an RNA sequence, both for the Turner nearest neighbor energy model, as well as for a simple homopolymer model first defined by Stein and Waterman. We implement dynamic programming algorithms to compute (rather than approximate by repeated application of Vienna RNA Package) the expected distance between 5' and 3' ends of a given RNA sequence, with respect to the Turner energy model. Using methods of analytical combinatorics, that depend on complex analysis, we prove that the asymptotic expected 5'-3' distance of length n homopolymers is approximately equal to the constant 5.47211, while the asymptotic distance is 6.771096 if hairpins have a minimum of 3 unpaired bases and the probability that any two positions can form a base pair is 1/4. Finally, we analyze the 5'-3' distance for secondary structures from the STRAND database, and conclude that the 5'-3' distance is correlated with RNA sequence length. 相似文献
107.
Rombouts Y Brust B Ojha AK Maes E Coddeville B Elass-Rochard E Kremer L Guerardel Y 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(14):11060-11069
The "cell wall core" consisting of a mycolyl-arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan (mAGP) complex represents the hallmark of the mycobacterial cell envelope. It has been the focus of intense research at both structural and biosynthetic levels during the past few decades. Because it is essential, mAGP is also regarded as a target for several antitubercular drugs. Herein, we demonstrate that exposure of Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin or Mycobacterium marinum to thiacetazone, a second line antitubercular drug, is associated with a severe decrease in the level of a major apolar glycolipid. This inhibition requires MmaA4, a methyltransferase reported to participate in the activation process of thiacetazone. Following purification, this glycolipid was subjected to detailed structural analyses, combining gas-liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. This allowed to identify it as a 5-O-mycolyl-β-Araf-(1→2)-5-O-mycolyl-α-Araf-(1→1)-Gro, designated dimycolyl diarabinoglycerol (DMAG). The presence of DMAG was subsequently confirmed in other slow growing pathogenic species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. DMAG production was stimulated in the presence of exogenous glycerol. Interestingly, DMAG appears structurally identical to the terminal portion of the mycolylated arabinosyl motif of mAGP, and the metabolic relationship between these two components was provided using antitubercular drugs such as ethambutol or isoniazid known to inhibit the biosynthesis of arabinogalactan or mycolic acid, respectively. Finally, DMAG was identified in the cell wall of M. tuberculosis. This opens the possibility of a potent biological function for DMAG that may be important to mycobacterial pathogenesis. 相似文献
108.
Warren BH Bermingham E Bourgeois Y Estep LK Prys-Jones RP Strasberg D Thébaud C 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2012,66(5):1490-1505
While reinforcement may play a role in all major modes of speciation, relatively little is known about the timescale over which species hybridize without evolving complete reproductive isolation. Birds have high potential for hybridization, and islands provide simple settings for uncovering speciation and hybridization patterns. Here we develop a phylogenetic hypothesis for a phenotypically diverse radiation of finch-like weaver-birds (Foudia) endemic to the western Indian Ocean islands. We find that unlike Darwin's finches, each island-endemic Foudia population is a monophyletic entity for which speciation can be considered complete. In explaining the only exceptions-mismatches between taxonomy, mitochondrial, and nuclear data-phylogenetic and coalescent methods support introgressive hybridization rather than incomplete lineage sorting. Human introductions of known timing of one island-endemic species, to all surrounding archipelagos provide two fortuitous experiments; (1) population sampling at known times in recent evolutionary history, (2) bringing allopatric lineages of an island radiation into secondary contact. Our results put a minimum time bound on introgression (235 years), and support hybridization between species in natural close contact (parapatry), but not between those in natural allopatry brought into contact by human introduction. Time in allopatry, rather than in sympatry, appears key in the reproductive isolation of Foudia species. 相似文献
109.
A method for replacing endogenous promoter by a constitutive promoter in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is described. Plasmid pKNG101, a broadly used shuttle suicide vector in P. aeruginosa, was improved to allow chromosomal introduction of a Plac promoter in front of any kind of gene especially those with unknown function. Using this strategy alleviates the need for cloning difficulties encountered in this bacteria and antibiotic marker selection. 相似文献
110.
Maureen Voigtlaender Jean-Paul Laclau José Leonardo de Moraes Gon?alves Marisa de Cássia Piccolo Marcelo Zacharias Moreira Yann Nouvellon Jacques Ranger Jean-Pierre Bouillet 《Plant and Soil》2012,352(1-2):99-111