全文获取类型
收费全文 | 57907篇 |
免费 | 4602篇 |
国内免费 | 4487篇 |
专业分类
66996篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 142篇 |
2023年 | 790篇 |
2022年 | 1853篇 |
2021年 | 3048篇 |
2020年 | 2081篇 |
2019年 | 2501篇 |
2018年 | 2346篇 |
2017年 | 1806篇 |
2016年 | 2547篇 |
2015年 | 3632篇 |
2014年 | 4382篇 |
2013年 | 4443篇 |
2012年 | 5292篇 |
2011年 | 4766篇 |
2010年 | 2886篇 |
2009年 | 2599篇 |
2008年 | 2937篇 |
2007年 | 2634篇 |
2006年 | 2262篇 |
2005年 | 1886篇 |
2004年 | 1510篇 |
2003年 | 1422篇 |
2002年 | 1073篇 |
2001年 | 910篇 |
2000年 | 889篇 |
1999年 | 810篇 |
1998年 | 499篇 |
1997年 | 454篇 |
1996年 | 477篇 |
1995年 | 422篇 |
1994年 | 415篇 |
1993年 | 325篇 |
1992年 | 446篇 |
1991年 | 324篇 |
1990年 | 284篇 |
1989年 | 260篇 |
1988年 | 210篇 |
1987年 | 194篇 |
1986年 | 176篇 |
1985年 | 154篇 |
1984年 | 115篇 |
1983年 | 122篇 |
1982年 | 81篇 |
1981年 | 45篇 |
1980年 | 51篇 |
1979年 | 63篇 |
1976年 | 46篇 |
1974年 | 54篇 |
1973年 | 45篇 |
1972年 | 53篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 8 毫秒
131.
The metabolism of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was studied using microsomes prepared from the skin of the mouse and rat. Topical application of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) Aroclor 1254 or the PAH 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) to the skin of the C57BL/6N and DBA/2N mouse and the Sprague-Dawley rat caused statistically significant enhancement of cutaneous microsomal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity in each animal. PCB was a more potent inducer of the enzyme than was 3-MC. BaP metabolism by skin microsomes from the same animals was assessed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The skin of untreated animals metabolized BaP into 9,10-, 7,8- and 4,5-dihydrodiols, phenols and quinones. Skin application of PCB caused greater than 16–18-fold enhancement of BaP metabolism in the C57BL/6N mouse and the rat and 2–5-fold enhancement in the DBA/2N mouse. Skin application of 3-MC enhanced BaP metabolism 2–8-fold in the C57BL/6N mouse and 5–10-fold in the rat and had no effect in the DBA/2N mouse. The formation of procarcinogenic metabolite BaP-7, 8-diol was greatly enhanced (4–12-fold) by treatment with the PCB and 3-MC in the tumor susceptible C57BL/6N mouse and in the tumor-resistant neonatal Sprague-Dawley rat. In contrast, the formation of BaP-7,8-diol was either slightly enhanced (2-fold) or unaffected by treatment with the PCB or 3-MC in the tumor-resistant DBA/2N mouse. Our data indicate that neither the patterns of metabolism nor the amount of BaP-7,8-diol formation in the skin are reliable predictors of tumor susceptibility to the PAH in rodent skin. 相似文献
132.
Regio- and stereo-selective metabolism of 4-methylbenz[a]anthracene by the fungus Cunninghamella elegans. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Metabolism of 4-methylbenz[a]anthracene by the fungus Cunninghamella elegans was studied. C. elegans metabolized 4-methylbenz[a]anthracene primarily at the methyl group, this being followed by further metabolism at the 8,9- and 10,11-positions to form trans-8,9-dihydro-8,9-dihydroxy-4-hydroxymethylbenz[a]anthracene and trans-10,11-dihydro-10,11-dihydroxy-4-hydroxymethylbenz[a]anthracene. There was no detectable trans-dihydrodiol formed at the methyl-substituted double bond (3,4-positions) or at the 'K' region (5,6-positions). The metabolites were isolated by reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography and characterized by the application of u.v.-visible-absorption-, 1H-n.m.r.- and mass-spectral techniques. The 4-hydroxymethylbenz[a]anthracene trans-8,9- and -10,11-dihydrodiols were optically active. Comparison of the c.d. spectra of the trans-dihydrodiols formed from 4-methylbenz[a]anthracene by C. elegans with those of the corresponding benz[a]anthracene trans-dihydrodiols formed by rat liver microsomal fraction indicated that the major enantiomers of the 4-hydroxymethylbenz[a]anthracene trans-8,9-dihydrodiol and trans- 10,11-dihydrodiol formed by C. elegans have S,S absolute stereochemistries, which are opposite to those of the predominantly 8R,9R- and 10R,11R-dihydrodiols formed by the microsomal fraction. Incubation of C. elegans with 4-methylbenz[a]anthracene under 18O2 and subsequent mass-spectral analysis of the metabolites indicated that hydroxylation of the methyl group and the formation of trans-dihydrodiols are catalysed by cytochrome P-450 mono-oxygenase and epoxide hydrolase enzyme systems. The results indicate that the fungal mono-oxygenase-epoxide hydrolase enzyme systems are highly stereo- and regio-selective in the metabolism of 4-methylbenz[a]anthracene. 相似文献
133.
134.
135.
The conformation of poly(L-ornithine) (PLO) and poly(L-lysine) (PLL) in solutions of sodium alkyl sulfates, CH3(CH2)nSO4Na with n = 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 was studied by circular dichroism. PLO adopts a helical conformation in all 5 homologs and PLL a β-form in only 4 of the homologs. With octyl sulfate PLL has a helical conformation instead. These conformations were observed in solution of surfactants both below and above the critical micelle concentration. 相似文献
136.
A computerized calibration of the circular dichrometer 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
137.
138.
139.
A method for the quantitative determination of cycasin from cycad flour by gas-liquid chromatography is described. The flour is extracted with 70% ethanol and the residue from the dried extract is directly trimethylsilylated. Androsterone was found to be an excellent internal standard. The average content of cycasin from ten separate analyses of one lot of flour was . The method is rapid, sensitive, and not hindered by contaminating compounds. 相似文献
140.