An Improved Li–SeS2 Battery with High Energy Density and Long Cycle Life

Selenium–sulfur solid solutions are a class of potential cathode materials for high energy batteries, since they have higher theoretical capacities than selenium and improved conductivity over sulfur. Here, a high‐performance cathode material by confining 70 wt% of SeS₂ in a highly ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK‐3) framework with a polydopamine (PDA) protection sheath for novel Li–Se/S batteries is reported. With a relatively high SeS₂ mass loading of 2.6–3 mg cm^?2, the CMK‐3/SeS₂@PDA cathode exhibits a high capacity of >1200 mA h g^?1 at 0.2 A g^?1, excellent C‐rate capability of 535 mA h g^?1 at 5 A g^?1, and prolonged life over 500 cycles. Benefitting from the unique advantages of SeS₂ and the rationally designed host framework, this new cathode material demonstrates a feasible strategy to overcome the bottlenecks of current Li–S systems for high energy density rechargeable batteries.     

耐高盐枯草芽孢杆菌XP合成球形纳米硒及其抑制草莓病原真菌生物活性

生物方法合成纳米材料具有低能耗、高安全性以及环境友好等优良特点,因而备受人们关注.利用细菌将硒酸盐或亚硒酸盐还原为单质硒,不仅可以降低硒毒性,而且还能获得价值更高的生物纳米材料.文中选用可耐受高盐环境胁迫的枯草芽孢杆菌亚种Bacillus subtilis subspecies stercoris strain XP构...     

盲蛛血细胞分类研究

应用显微镜与相差显微镜相结合技术,对蛛形纲Ａｒａｃｈｎｉｄａ广腰亚纲Ｌａｔｉｇａｓｔｒａ、盲蛛目Ｏｐｉｌｉｏｅｓ、长奇盲蛛科Ｐｈａｌａｎｇｉｉｄａｅ的盲蛛Ｏｐｉｌｉｏ ｓｐ．血细胞进行分类,它有原血细胞浆细胞、颗粒细胞、类绛色细胞、小球细胞、类球形 细胞和足细胞等７种类型。     

Involvement of ERK in BMP-2 induced osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cell line C3H10T1/2

The signaling mechanisms responsible for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) induced osteoblast differentiation remains poorly understood. Previous research demonstrated that Smad proteins are the substrates and the mediators of BMP bound serine/threonine receptor kinase. In the present study, we examined the possible involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) in the BMP induced osteoblast differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cell C3H10T1/2. Our results indicate that BMP-2 inducement increased MAP kinase activity in mesenchymal progenitor cell line C3H10T1/2. Contrary to previous reports, this increased MAP kinase activity showed a latent but sustained pattern. Elevation of Erk1 and Erk2 protein levels was observed simultaneously. RT-PCR results demonstrated that the elevation of Erk protein level in BMP-2 induced cells was from the upregulation of mRNA expression. Furthermore, upregulated Erk proteins present enhanced phosphorylation. By using a dominant-negative Erk2 cell line, we demonstrated that nonfunctional Erk2 partially eliminated BMP-2 induced cell proliferation and ALP activity in the C3H10T1/2 cell. These results indicate that Erk is involved in BMP-2 induced osteoblast differentiation. The results also demonstrate that a latent and sustained signaling pattern exists in BMP induced signaling cascade.     

Modulation of alternative pre-mRNA splicing in vivo by pinin

Pre-mRNA splicing occurs in a large macromolecular RNA-protein complex called the spliceosome. The major components of the spliceosome include snRNP and SR proteins. We have previously identified an SR-like protein, pinin (pnn), which is localized not only in nuclear speckles but also at desmosomes. The nuclear localization of pnn is a dynamic process because pnn can be found not only with SR proteins in nuclear speckles but also in enlarged speckles following treatment of cells with RNA polymerase II inhibitors, DRB, and alpha-amanitin. Using adenovirus E1A and chimeric calcitonin/dhfr construct as a splicing reporter minigene in combination with cellular cotransfection, we found that pnn regulates alternative 5(') and 3(') splicing by decreasing the use of distal splice sites. Regulation of 5(') splice site choice was also observed for RNPS1, a general splicing activator that interacts with pnn in nuclear speckles. The regulatory ability of pnn in alternative 5(') splicing, however, was not dependent on RNPS1 and a pnn mutant, lacking the N-terminal 167 amino acids, behaved like a dominant negative species, inhibiting E1A splicing when applied in splicing assays. These results provide direct evidence that pnn functions as a splicing regulator which participates itself directly in splicing reaction or indirectly via other components of splicing machinery.     

Rice stripe virus coat protein induces the accumulation of jasmonic acid,activating plant defence against the virus while also attracting its vector to feed

The jasmonic acid (JA) pathway plays crucial roles in plant defence against pathogens and herbivores. Rice stripe virus (RSV) is the type member of the genus Tenuivirus. It is transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH) and causes damaging epidemics in East Asia. The role(s) that JA may play in the tripartite interaction against RSV, its host, and vector are poorly understood. Here, we found that the JA pathway was induced by RSV infection and played a defence role against RSV. The coat protein (CP) was the major viral component responsible for inducing the JA pathway. Methyl jasmonate treatment attracted SBPHs to feed on rice plants while a JA-deficient mutant was less attractive than wild-type rice. SBPHs showed an obvious preference for feeding on transgenic rice lines expressing RSV CP. Our results demonstrate that CP is an inducer of the JA pathway that activates plant defence against RSV while also attracting SBPHs to feed and benefitting viral transmission. This is the first report of the function of JA in the tripartite interaction between RSV, its host, and its vector.     

Identification of novel susceptibility loci for non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate

Although several genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) of non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) have been reported, more novel association signals are remained to be exploited. Here, we performed an in‐depth analysis of our previously published Chinese GWAS cohort study with replication in an extra dbGaP case‐parent trios and another in‐house Nanjing cohort, and finally identified five novel significant association signals (rs11119445: 3’ of SERTAD4, P = 6.44 × 10⁻¹⁴; rs227227 and rs12561877: intron of SYT14, P = 5.02 × 10⁻¹³ and 2.80 × 10⁻¹¹, respectively; rs643118: intron of TRAF3IP3, P = 4.45 × 10⁻⁶; rs2095293: intron of NR6A1, P = 2.98 × 10⁻⁵). The mean (standard deviation) of the weighted genetic risk score (wGRS) from these SNPs was 1.83 (0.65) for NSCL/P cases and 1.58 (0.68) for controls, respectively (P = 2.67 × 10⁻¹⁶). Rs643118 was identified as a shared susceptible factor of NSCL/P among Asians and Europeans, while rs227227 may contribute to the risk of NSCL/P as well as NSCPO. In addition, sertad4 knockdown zebrafish models resulted in down‐regulation of sox2 and caused oedema around the heart and mandibular deficiency, compared with control embryos. Taken together, this study has improved our understanding of the genetic susceptibility to NSCL/P and provided further clues to its aetiology in the Chinese population.