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71.
Nestor Saiz Minjung Kang Nadine Schrode Xinghua Lou Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis 《Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE》2016,(108)
This protocol presents a method to perform quantitative, single-cell in situ analyses of protein expression to study lineage specificationin mouse preimplantation embryos. The procedures necessary for embryo collection, immunofluorescence, imaging on a confocal microscope, and image segmentation and analysis are described. This method allows quantitation of the expression of multiple nuclear markers and the spatial (XYZ) coordinates of all cells in the embryo. It takes advantage of MINS, an image segmentation software tool specifically developed for the analysis of confocal images of preimplantation embryos and embryonic stem cell (ESC) colonies. MINS carries out unsupervised nuclear segmentation across the X, Y and Z dimensions, and produces information on cell position in three-dimensional space, as well as nuclear fluorescence levels for all channels with minimal user input. While this protocol has been optimized for the analysis of images of preimplantation stage mouse embryos, it can easily be adapted to the analysis of any other samples exhibiting a good signal-to-noise ratio and where high nuclear density poses a hurdle to image segmentation (e.g., expression analysis of embryonic stem cell (ESC) colonies, differentiating cells in culture, embryos of other species or stages, etc.). 相似文献
72.
Purpose
To explore the effects of methane-rich saline (CH4 saline) on the capability of one-time exhaustive exercise in male SD rats.Methods
Thirty rats were equally divided into to three groups at random: control group (C), placebo group (P) and methane saline group (M). Rats in M group underwent intraperitoneal injection of CH4 saline, and the other two groups simultaneously underwent intraperitoneal injection of normal saline. Then, the exercise capability of rats was tested through one-time exhaustive treadmill exercise except C group. Exercise time and body weight were recorded before and after one-time exhaustive exercise. After exhaustive exercise, the blood and gastrocnemius samples were collected from all rats to detect biochemical parameters in different methods.Results
It was found that the treadmill running time was significantly longer in rats treated with CH4 saline. At the same time, CH4 saline reduced the elevation of LD and UN in blood caused by one-time exhaustive exercise. The low level of blood glucose induced by exhaustive exercise was also normalized by CH4 saline. Also CH4 saline lowered the level of CK in plasma. Furthermore, this research indicated that CH4 saline markedly increased the volume of T-AOC in plasma and alleviated the peak of TNF-α in both plasma and gastrocnemius. From H&E staining, CH4 saline effectively improved exercise-induced structural damage in gastrocnemius.Conclusions
CH4 saline could enhance exercise capacity in male SD rats through increase of glucose aerobic oxidation, improvement of metabolic clearance and decrease of exhaustive exercise-induced gastrocnemius injury. 相似文献73.
Anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to nitrite reduction can be a potential methane sink in coastal environments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
74.
Shuai Lu Di Zhang Jianfang Zhou Zhaofei Xia Degui Lin Yongliang Lou Wenjie Tan Kun Qin 《中国科学:生命科学英文版》2016,59(8):860-862
正Dear Editor,Canine coronavirus including canine coronavirus(CCoV)and canine respiratory coronavirus(CRCoV)have been recognized as pathogenic viruses to dogs worldwide,causing enteric and respiratory issues(Buonavoglia et al.,2006).Zoonotic transfer of the viruses from the animal kingdom to humans has been repeatedly observed over the past decade, 相似文献
75.
Mengfei Song Feng Cheng Jing Wang Qingzhen Wei Wenyuan Fu Xiaqing Yu Ji Li Jinfeng Chen Qunfeng Lou 《植物学报(英文版)》2019,61(9):1000-1014
Optimizing leaf shape is a major challenge in efforts to develop an ideal plant type. Cucumber leaf shapes are diverse; however, the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying leaf shape formation are unknown. In this study, we obtained a round leaf mutant(rl) from an ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutagenesis population. Genetic analysis revealed that a single recessive gene, rl, is responsible for this mutation. A modified Mut Map analysis combined linkage mapping identified a single nucleotide polymorphism within a candidate gene,Csa1 M537400, as the mutation underlying the trait.Csa1 M537400 encodes a PINOID kinase protein involved in auxin transport. Expression of Csa1 M537400 was significantly lower in the rl mutant than in wild type, and it displayed higher levels of IAA(indole-3-acetic acid) in several tissues. Treatment of wild-type plants with an auxin transport inhibitor induced the formation of round leaves,similar to those in the rl mutant. Altered expression patterns of several auxin-related genes in the rl mutant suggest that rl plays a key role in auxin biosynthesis,transport, and response in cucumber. These findings provide insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of auxin signaling pathways in cucumber,and will be valuable in the development of an ideal plant type. 相似文献
76.
77.
Anodically electrodeposited amorphous molybdenum sulfide (AE‐MoSx) has attracted significant attention as a non‐noble metal electrocatalyst for its high activity toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The [Mo3S13]2? polymer‐based structure confers a high density of exposed sulfur moieties, widely regarded as the HER active sites. However, their intrinsic complexity conceals full understanding of their exact role in HER catalysis, hampering their full potential for water splitting applications. In this report, a unifying approach is adopted accounting for modifications in the inherent electrochemistry (EC), HER mechanism, and surface species to maximize the AE‐MoSx electroactivity over a broad pH region (0–10). Dramatic enhancements in HER performance by selective electrochemical cycling within reductive (overpotential shift, ηHER ≈ ?350 mV) and electro‐oxidative windows (ηHER ≈ ?290 mV) are accompanied by highly stable performance in mildly acidic electrolytes. Joint analysis of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman, and EC experiments corroborate the key role of bridging and terminal S ligands as active site generators at low pH, and reveal molybdenum oxysulfides (Mo5+OxSy) to be the most active HER moiety in AE‐MoSx in mildly acidic‐to‐neutral environments. These findings will be extremely beneficial for future tailoring of MoSx materials and their implementation in commercial electrolyzer technologies. 相似文献
78.
Shijin Tang Yinping Pan Deshuai Lou Shunlin Ji Liancai Zhu Jun Tan Na Qi Qiong Yang Zhi Zhang Biling Yang Wenyan Zhao Bochu Wang 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》2019,28(5):910-919
7α‐Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α‐HSDH) is an NAD(P)H‐dependent oxidoreductase belonging to the short‐chain dehydrogenases/reductases. In vitro, 7α‐HSDH is involved in the efficient biotransformation of taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) to tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). In this study, a gene encoding novel 7α‐HSDH (named as St‐2‐1) from fecal samples of black bear was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. The protein has subunits of 28.3 kDa and a native size of 56.6 kDa, which suggested a homodimer. We studied the relevant properties of the enzyme, including the optimum pH, optimum temperature, thermal stability, activators, and inhibitors. Interestingly, the data showed that St‐2‐1 differs from the 7α‐HSDHs reported in the literature, as it functions under acidic conditions. The enzyme displayed its optimal activity at pH 5.5 (TCDCA). The acidophilic nature of 7α‐HSDH expands its application environment and the natural enzyme bank of HSDHs, providing a promising candidate enzyme for the biosynthesis of TUDCA or other related chemical entities. 相似文献
79.
80.
Saranna Fanning Aftabul Haque Thibaut Imberdis Valeriya Baru M. Inmaculada Barrasa Silke Nuber Daniel Termine Nagendran Ramalingam Gary P.H. Ho Tallie Noble Jackson Sandoe Yali Lou Dirk Landgraf Yelena Freyzon Gregory Newby Frank Soldner Elizabeth Terry-Kantor Tae-Eun Kim Dennis Selkoe 《Molecular cell》2019,73(5):1001-1014.e8