首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   2174篇
  免费   172篇
  国内免费   111篇
  2023年   12篇
  2022年   34篇
  2021年   80篇
  2020年   47篇
  2019年   56篇
  2018年   60篇
  2017年   46篇
  2016年   76篇
  2015年   131篇
  2014年   161篇
  2013年   155篇
  2012年   201篇
  2011年   175篇
  2010年   104篇
  2009年   84篇
  2008年   107篇
  2007年   108篇
  2006年   99篇
  2005年   83篇
  2004年   87篇
  2003年   57篇
  2002年   58篇
  2001年   39篇
  2000年   33篇
  1999年   45篇
  1998年   25篇
  1997年   26篇
  1996年   19篇
  1995年   23篇
  1994年   15篇
  1993年   19篇
  1992年   21篇
  1991年   11篇
  1990年   16篇
  1989年   15篇
  1988年   13篇
  1987年   10篇
  1986年   13篇
  1985年   14篇
  1984年   6篇
  1983年   10篇
  1982年   5篇
  1981年   5篇
  1980年   9篇
  1976年   6篇
  1974年   6篇
  1973年   3篇
  1972年   4篇
  1966年   3篇
  1965年   6篇
排序方式: 共有2457条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
61.
药用甘草组织培养生产黄酮的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
甘草是驰名中外的中药材,有"十方九草"之称,甘草黄酮为其主要成分之一,不仅具有消炎保肝、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗病毒和抗菌等药用功效,还可用于食品、化妆品等工业生产中。本文介绍了甘草黄酮的种类、组织化学定位,并着重总结了黄酮的组织培养获得途径及生物合成调控的影响因素,在此基础上,对今后的研究及应用进行了分析和展望,旨在为更好地开发利用甘草黄酮提供一定的依据。  相似文献   
62.
The researches attempting to associate the PPARγ C161T polymorphism with coronary artery disease (CAD) yielded complicated and contradictory results. We aimed for more precise estimate of the relationship and conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis. Publications written in English or Chinese were screened in MEDLINE, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang and CBM. Data on 11 studies including 3,020 cases and 2,853 controls were extracted. A random-effects model was available to synthesize the inconsistent outcomes of the individual studies, while addressing between-study heterogeneity and publication bias. The PPARγ C161T polymorphism followed Hard-Weinberg Equilibrium for all studies (P > 0.05).Overall, there was no evidence for a significant association under all genetic models but with distinct heterogeneity (T vs. C: P = 0.29, OR = 0.91, 95 %CI 0.77–1.08, P heterogeneity = 0.004, I 2 = 61.2 %). However, in the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the T allele carriers showed a prominent 26 % risk reduction of CAD among Chinese (dominant genetic model: P = 0.03, 95 %CI 0.57–0.97, P heterogeneity = 0.03, I 2 = 56.1 %). After dividing into population source, the significance of CAD risk reduction was strengthened in hospital-based studies (allele comparison: P = 0.04, OR = 0.82, 95 %CI 0.67–1.00, P heterogeneity = 0.04, I 2 = 52.5 %; dominant model: P = 0.01, OR = 0.73, 95 %CI 0.57–0.92, P heterogeneity = 0.05, I 2 = 50.8 %). There was no obvious publication bias verified in the method of funnel plot and Egger’s linear regression test (t = ?0.11, P = 0.913). Taken together, our results revealed the PPARγ C161T polymorphism might play a moderate protective effect on developing CAD among Chinese, but not among Caucasians.  相似文献   
63.
Previous studies proved that bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) could improve a variety of immune‐mediated disease by its immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we investigated the effect on airway remodeling and airway inflammation by administrating BMSCs in chronic asthmatic mice. Forty‐eight female BALB/c mice were randomly distributed into PBS group, BMSCs treatment group, BMSCs control group, and asthmatic group. The levels of cytokine and immunoglobulin in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The number of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells and morphometric analysis was determined by flow cytometry, hematoxylin‐eosin, immunofluorescence staining, periodic‐acid Schiff, and masson staining, respectively. We found that airway remodeling and airway inflammation were evident in asthmatic mice. Moreover, low level of IL‐12 and high levels of IL‐13, IL‐4, OVA‐specific IgG1, IgE, and IgG2a and the fewer number of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells were present in asthmatic group. However, transplantation of BMSCs significantly decreased airway inflammation and airway remodeling and level of IL‐4, OVA‐specific IgE, and OVA‐specific IgG1, but elevated level of IL‐12 and the number of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in asthma (P < 0.05). However, BMSCs did not contribute to lung regeneration and had no significant effect on levels of IL‐10, IFN‐Y, and IL‐13. In our study, BMSCs engraftment prohibited airway inflammation and airway remodeling in chronic asthmatic group. The beneficial effect of BMSCs might involved the modulation imbalance cytokine toward a new balance Th1–Th2 profiles and up‐regulation of protective CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in asthma, but not contribution to lung regeneration. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 1595–1605, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   
64.
65.
Alkenal double bond reductases (DBRs) catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of the α,β-unsaturated double bond of many secondary metabolites. Two alkenal double bond reductase genes PaDBR1 and PaDBR2 were isolated from the liverwort species Plagiochasma appendiculatum. Recombinant PaDBR2 protein had a higher catalytic activity than PaDBR1 with respect to the reduction of the double bond present in hydroxycinnamyl aldehydes. The residue at position 56 appeared to be responsible for this difference in enzyme activity. The functionality of a C56 to Y56 mutation in PaDBR1 was similar to that of PaDBR2. Further site-directed mutagenesis and structural modeling suggested that the phenol ring stacking between this residue and the substrate was an important determinant of catalytic efficiency.  相似文献   
66.
67.
Bacterial and archaeal diversity in surface soils of three coal-fire vents was investigated by T-RFLP analysis and clone libraries of 16S rRNA genes. Soil analysis showed that underground coal fires significantly influenced soil pH, moisture and NO3 ? content but had little effect on other elements, organic matter and available nutrients. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that bacterial community patterns in the soils were very similar, but abundance varied with geographic distance. A clone library from one soil showed that the bacterial community was mainly composed of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria, and unidentified groups. Of these, Firmicutes was the most abundant, accounting for 71.4 % of the clones, and was mainly represented by the genera Bacillus and Paenibacillus. Archaeal phylotypes were closely related to uncultivated species of the phyla Crenarchaeota (97.9 % of clones) and Thaumarchaeota (2.1 %). About 28 % of archaeal phylotypes were associated with ammonia oxidization, especially phylotypes that were highly related to a novel, ammonia-oxidizing isolate from the phylum Thaumarchaeota. These results suggested that microbial communities in the soils were diverse and might contain a large number of novel cultivable species with the potential to assimilate materials by heterotrophic metabolism at high temperature.  相似文献   
68.
69.
Plant mutants are important bio-resources for crop breeding and gene functional studies. Conventional methods for generating mutant libraries by mutagenesis of seeds with physical or chemical agents are of low efficiency. Here, we developed a highly-efficient ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis system based on suspension-cultured cells, with rice (Oryza sativa L.) as an example. We show that treatment of suspension-cultured tiny cell clusters with 0.4% EMS for 18-22h followed by differentiation and regeneration produced as high as 29.4% independent mutant lines with visible phenotypic variations, including a number of important agronomic traits such as grain size, panicle size, grain or panicle shape, tiller number and angle, heading date, male sterility, and disease sensitivity. No mosaic mutant was observed in the mutant lines tested. In this mutant library, we obtained a mutant with an abnormally elongated uppermost internode. Sequencing and functional analysis revealed that this is a new allelic mutant of eui (elongated uppermost internode) caused by two point mutations in the first exon of the EUI gene, representing a successful example of this mutagenesis system.  相似文献   
70.
Plant height is an important agronomic trait. Dramatic increase in wheat yield during the "green revolution" is mainly due to the widespread utilization of the Reduced height (Rht)-1gene. We analyzed the natural allelic variations of three homoeologous loci Rht-A1, Rht-B1, and Rht-D1 in Chinese wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) micro-core collections and the Rht-B1/D1 genotypes in over 1,500 bred cultivars and germplasms using a modified EcoTILLING. We identified six new Rht-A1 allelic variations (Rht-Alb-g), eight new Rht-B1 allelic variations (Rht-Blh-o), and six new Rht-D1 allelic variations (Rht-Dle-j). These allelic variations contain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or small insertions and deletions in the coding or uncoding regions, involving two frame-shift mutations and 15 missenses. Of which, Rht-Dle and Rht-Dlh resulted in the loss of interactions of GID1-DELLA-GID2, Rht-Blicould increase plant height. We found that the Rht-Blh contains the same SNPs and 197 bp fragment insertion as reported in Rht-Blc. Further detection of Rht-Blh in Tibet wheat germplasms and wheat relatives indicated that Rht-Blc may originate from Rht-Blh. These results suggest rich genetic diversity at the Rht-1 loci and provide new resources for wheat breeding.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号