矮晚柚的组织培养与快速繁殖

以矮晚柚种子萌发的无菌苗为实验材料,利用茎尖和上胚轴诱导丛生芽的发生,利用丛生芽获得再生植株。实验表明:矮晚柚成熟和未成熟种子在1/2MS、MS上均能萌发,萌发率最高可达96%,成熟种子萌发的无菌苗更利于后期的分化。最适外植体为无菌苗的上胚轴,筛选出丛生芽最佳增殖培养方案为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L~(-1)+NAA 0.1 mg·L~(-1)+蔗糖40 g·L~(-1)+靠近茎尖上胚轴,最高增殖系数达8.4,最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.2 mg·L~(-1)+IBA 0.2 mg·L~(-1)+活性炭0.2 g·L~(-1),生根率达90%以上。移栽至蛭石+珍珠岩+营养土(1:1:2)的营养砵上,成活率可达80%。     

Cloning and expression of the HIV protein in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis> cell-free system

Sixteen kinds of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) target genes were cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, and specific plasmids were constructed as the templates for the expression of these genes in the cell-free system. Similarly, the linear PCR templates of these genes for cell-free protein expression were also constructed by using two PCR amplification process. These different templates can be employed to biosynthesize HIV proteins in the cell-free system simultaneously and can be adapted for some high-throughput processes. HIV protease (P10) was performed as a target protein, and two different templates (plasmid and PCR product) were prepared and used for P10 expression in the Escherichia coli cell-free system. The target protein P10 was detected in sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels either by using a plasmid template or by a PCR template. These results are promising and helpful to develop a high throughput process for drug discovery.     

唐古特大黄五个居群的核型

报道了唐古特大黄(Rheum tanguticum)5个居群的染色体数目和核型,结果如下:大武、柯曲、达卡三个居群均为2n=2x=22=2sm 20m;吉卡居群为2n=2x=22=20m 2M;松潘居群为2n=2x=22=2sm 18m 2M。大武,柯曲和吉卡居群核型类型属于1A型,达卡和松潘居群属于2A型。Q型聚类分析结果表明,5个居群在核型上存在一定分化,这可能是由不同的生境造成的。     

Functional expression and purification of bovine enterokinase light chain in recombinant Escherichia coli

Enterokinase (EC 3.4.21.9) is a serine proteinase of the intestinal brush border that exhibits specificity for the sequence (Asp)(4)-Lys and converts trypsinogen into its active form, trypsin. A codon optimized sequence coding light chain (catalytic subunit) of bovine enterokinase gene (sBEKLC) was synthesized, and it was fused with DsbA to construct the expression vector (pET39-sBEKLC). Then, the plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) for expression. Under optimal conditions, the volumetric productivity of fusion protein reached 151.2 mg L(-1), i.e., 80.6 mg sBEKLC L(-1). The cold osmotic shock technique was successfully used to extract sBEKLC from periplasmic space, and nickel affinity chromatography was employed to obtain mature sBEKLC. Finally, about 6.8 mg of bioactive sBEKLC was purified from 1 liter fermentation broth and could be used to cleave one tested fusion protein with an inter-domain enteropeptidase recognition site. This work will be helpful for large-scale production of this increasingly demanded enterokinase.     

Detection of bloom-forming dinoflagellates Karenia mikimotoi and Prorocentrum donghaiense using qPCR assays

Journal of Applied Phycology - The dinoflagellates Karenia mikimotoi and Prorocentrum donghaiense are both important causative species of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the East China Sea. The...     

Geniposide attenuates early brain injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and neurocyte apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats

Molecular Biology Reports - Oxidative stress and neurocyte apoptosis are crucial pathophysiological process in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Geniposide (GNP) has...     

Clinical and Microbiological Investigation of Fungemia from Four Hospitals in China

In this study, fungemia cases from four tertiary hospitals located in Shanghai and Anhui province in China from March 2012 to December 2013 were enrolled to investigate clinical features, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility and strain relatedness. During the study period, 137 non-duplicate cases and their corresponding isolates were collected. Six different genera of fungi were identified, of which Candida spp. were the most common (126/137, 91.97 %), with C. albicans predominating (48/137, 35.03 %). The non-Candida fungi rate reached 8.03 % (11/137), and Pichia spp. was the most common (5/137, 3.65 %). Compared with C. albicans, non-C. albicans fungi-associated fungemia was more likely in younger (p = 0.004) and male patients (χ ² = 6.2618, p = 0.0123) and patients from ICUs (χ ² = 6.3783, p = 0.0116). Overall, the susceptible/WT rates of common Candida spp. to fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, flucytosine, amphotericin B and caspofungin were 74.63, 92.31, 93.16, 96.58, 100 and 95.69 %, respectively. C. tropicalis and C. guilliermondii had a low susceptibility to fluconazole: 79.95 and 77.78 %, respectively. No isolates were resistant/WT to caspofungin, but C. parapsilosis and C. guilliermondii had high MIC₉₀ values; 1 and 2 mg/L, respectively. In terms of genotyping, MLST was taken for C. glabrata and C. tropicalis, while microsatellite marker analysis was used for C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. C. glabrata was predominantly clone ST7, accounting for 75 %, while the other isolates showed genetic diversity. Considering the increased proportion of non-C. albicans fungi and the presence of endemic clones of C. glabrata, it is essential to undertake additional surveillance of fungemia.     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel dihydro-aryl/alkylsulfanyl-cyclohexylmethyl-oxopyrimidines (S-DACOs) as high active anti-HIV agents

A novel dihydro-aryl/alkylsulfanyl-cyclohexylmethyl-oxopyrimidines (S-DACOs) combinatory library was synthesized and evaluated with C8166 cells infected by the HIV-1_IIIB in vitro, using Nevirapine (NVP) and Zidovudine (AZT) as positive control. The anti-HIV screening results revealed that C-6-cyclohexylmethyl substituted pyrimidinones possessed higher selective index than its 6-arylmethyl counterparts. Compounds 1g, 1c, 1e and 1b showed potent anti-HIV activities with EC₅₀ values of 0.012, 0.025, 0.088 and 0.162 nM, respectively.     

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of curcumin analogues as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

A series of novel curcumin analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of AD. The in vitro studies showed that these compounds had better inhibitory properties against Aβ aggregation than curcumin. Superior anti-oxidant properties (better than the reference compound Trolox) of these compounds were observed by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) method and a cell-based assay using DCFH-DA as a probe. In addition they were able to chelate metals such as iron and copper and decrease metal-induced Aβ aggregation. The structure-activity relationships were discussed. The results suggested that our curcumin analogues could be selected as multifunctional agents for further investigation of AD treatment.     

银胶浓度对电穿孔获取细胞内表面增强拉曼光谱的影响

探究了银胶浓度对于电穿孔导入银纳米粒子获取细胞内表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)的影响.对6组含有不同浓度银胶的鼻咽癌细胞C666进行电穿孔,测量电穿孔后活细胞内表面增强拉曼光谱.以测得的SERS信号、光谱强度积分值和谱线重复性为指标,研究银胶浓度对电穿孔获取细胞内SERS的影响,对电穿孔后活性C666细胞内SERS平均光谱进行初步谱峰归属.在脉冲电场强度875 V/cm,脉冲持续时间1 ms,电脉冲2次的条件下,每500μl电击缓冲液中含有50μl银胶时测得的细胞内SERS光谱信噪比高,且光谱具有较好的重复性.结果说明,正确选择银胶浓度可以提高电穿孔-SERS效果,获取高质量的活细胞内SERS信号.此研究有助于扩展表面增强拉曼光谱的应用,包括实时检测分析活细胞内生化成分及分布,实时监测细胞生化变化过程等.