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111.
The life cycle of the red alga Porphyra purpurea alternates between two morphologically distinct phases: a shell-boring, filamentous sporophyte and a free-living, foliose gametophyte. From a subtracted cDNA library enriched for sporophyte-specific sequences, we isolated a cDNA encoding an unusual elongation factor 1 (EF-1) that is expressed only in the sporophyte. A second EF-1 gene that is expressed equally in the sporophyte and the gametophyte was isolated from a genomic library. These are the only EF-1 genes detectable in P. purpurea. The constitutively expressed gene encodes and EF-1 very similar to those of most eukaryotes. However, the sporophyte-specific EF-1 is one of the most divergent yet described, with nine insertions or deletions ranging in size from 1 to 26 amino acids. This is the first report of a developmental stage-specific EF-1 outside of the animal kingdom and suggests a fundamental role for EF-1 in the developmental process. 相似文献
112.
113.
Flooding-induced membrane damage, lipid oxidation and activated oxygen generation in corn leaves 总被引:19,自引:1,他引:18
Flooding effects on membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation and activated oxygen metabolism in corn (Zea mays L.) leaves were investigated to determine if activated oxygens are involved in corn flooding-injury. Potted corn plants were flooded at the 4-leaf stage in a controlled environment. A 7-day flooding treatment resulted in a significant increase in chlorophyll breakdown, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehye content), membrane permeability, and the production of superoxide (O
2
-
) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in corn leaves. The effects were much greater in older leaves than in younger ones. Spraying leaves with 8-hydroxyquinoline (an O
2
-
scavenger) and sodium benzoate (an .OH scavenger) reduced the oxidative damage and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. A short duration flooding treatment elevated the activities of SOD, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase (AP), and glutathione reductase (GR), while further flooding significantly reduced the enzyme activities but enhanced the concentrations of ascorbic acid and reduced form glutathione (GSH). It was noted that the decline in SOD activity was greater than that in H2O2 scavengers (AP and GR). The results suggested that O
2
-
induced lipid peroxidation and membrane damage, and that excessive accumulation of O
2
-
is due to the reduced activity of SOD under flooding stress. 相似文献
114.
酿酒酵母属(S. cereviae)变异株和粟酒裂殖酵母属(S. pombe)变异株进行属间原生质体融合得到融合株SPSC,该融合株比S. cereviae具有强的自身絮凝能力。以葡萄糖浓度150g/L的底物在30~44℃的温度范围内进行摇瓶厌氧发酵,获得最佳温度范围为34~38℃,最高发酵温度为40℃。在有效容积2.35L悬浮床反应器中,在pH值3.0~5.0范围内进行连续发酵,获得最适发酵pH为3.5~4.5。 相似文献
115.
Estimating single-channel kinetic parameters from idealized patch-clamp data containing missed events. 总被引:32,自引:6,他引:26
We present here a maximal likelihood algorithm for estimating single-channel kinetic parameters from idealized patch-clamp data. The algorithm takes into account missed events caused by limited time resolution of the recording system. Assuming a fixed dead time, we derive an explicit expression for the corrected transition rate matrix by generalizing the theory of Roux and Sauve (1985, Biophys. J. 48:149-158) to the case of multiple conductance levels. We use a variable metric optimizer with analytical derivatives for rapidly maximizing the likelihood. The algorithm is applicable to data containing substates and multiple identical or nonidentical channels. It allows multiple data sets obtained under different experimental conditions, e.g., concentration, voltage, and force, to be fit simultaneously. It also permits a variety of constraints on rate constants and provides standard errors for all estimates of model parameters. The algorithm has been tested extensively on a variety of kinetic models with both simulated and experimental data. It is very efficient and robust; rate constants for a multistate model can often be extracted in a processing time of approximately 1 min, largely independent of the starting values. 相似文献
116.
In the search for candidate genes for the tuberous sclerosis (TSC1) disease locus on chromosome 9q34, we have isolated an overlapping series of 22 plasmid and phage cDNA clones covering nearly 7 kb and with an open reading frame of 5070 bp encoding a protein of 1690 amino acids. The putative protein product is a member of the kinesin superfamily and is homologous to the mouse KIF1A and theCaenorhabditas elegansunc-104 genes. Both KIF1A and unc-104 function in the anterograde axonal transport of synaptic vesicles. The human homolog is therefore termed H-ATSV (axonal transporter of synaptic vesicles, HGMW-approved nomenclature ATSV) Screening of DNA from 107 tuberous sclerosis patients and 80 unaffected individuals with H-ATSV cDNA probes by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis/Southern blotting following digestion by rare-cutting methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes showed variant banding patterns in three patients with tuberous sclerosis. However, further analysis indicated that these variant fragments represent a rare polymorphism probably associated with methylation of clustered restriction sites. There is no evidence to support H-ATSV as a candidate gene for TSC1. 相似文献
117.
中药凌霄花的药理学考察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
实验结果表明,凌霄花对离体猪冠状动脉条具有抑制收缩的作用;对大鼠血栓形成有抑制作用;能加快红细胞电泳,增加红细胞电泳率,使血液红细胞处于分散状态;对离体孕子宫能显著增强收缩活性,增加收缩频率及增强收缩强度。以上结果可初步说明,凌霄花行血去瘀的作用及其“孕妇慎用”的合理性。凌霄花的3种混淆品(白泡桐花,毛泡桐花,兰考泡桐花)的药理作用与凌霄花不同,故不能作凌霄花使用。 相似文献
118.
中药凌霄花的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对中药凌霄花的研究进展进行了综述,包括生药学研究、化学成分研究、药理学研究及临床应用。 相似文献
119.
用抗单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)型共同性gC和gD羊克隆抗体(McAb),包被即Eppendorf管,捕捉HSV,同时加入3个引物:一个是HSV─1/HSV─2型共同性上游引物,另两个分别是HSV─1和HSV─2型特异性下游引物。借此建立了能直接分型检测HSV的抗原捕获聚合酶链式反应(AC─PCR)。HSV─1的扩增产物为477bp,HSV─2的为399bp两型病毒经AC─PCR扩增后产生分子量不同的DNA片段,致使AC─PCR能直接分型检测HSV。HSV─1和HSV─2扩增产物的克隆和序列分析表明,本方法特异性好。用本法检测Balb/c幼鼠中枢神经系统HSV感染的脑标本,进一步证实本方法不仅敏感、特异,而且分型准确。 相似文献
120.
利用PCR方法对单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型糖蛋白D(HSV-2gD)基因进行了修饰,在其5'端删去约500bp的非编码区,仅保留ATG上游7个bp。将修饰后的HSV-2gD基因插入到带有痘苗病毒天坛株TK基因区段的痘苗表达质粒pJSA1175,置于痘苗病毒P7.5k早/晚期启动子控制下。将此重组质粒用脂质体Lipofectin方法转染已受野型TK ̄+痘苗病毒天坛株感染的TK ̄-143细胞,通过同源重组机制和标志基因LacZ产物的蓝斑显色作用,以及BudR试剂对TK表型的选择压力,筛选出整合有HSV-2gD基因的重组痘苗病毒。Southem杂交表明,HSV-2gD基因已正确地插入痘苗病毒TK基因区内;间接免疫荧光检测显示,HSV-2gD蛋白已得到有效表达,且主要分布于细胞膜。重组病毒免疫家兔可产生明显的抗HSV-2gD中和抗体。用重组病毒免疫小鼠,3周后可使94%(17/18)的小鼠对抗HSV-2的致死量攻击,表明重组病毒具有明显的免疫保护作用。 相似文献