中药大黄的生物化学研究——蒽醌衍生物对线粒体NADH氧化酶和琥珀酸氧化酶的抑制作用

 实验结果表明:(1)大黄素对线粒体NADH氧化酶和琥珀酸氧化酶有很强的抑制作用,其作用随药物浓度的增大而增强,并呈双曲线型,50％抑制浓度分别为2.5μg/ml和11.5μg/ml。而其它四种蒽醌衍生物如大黄酸、芦荟大黄素、大黄素甲醚和大黄酚对这两种氧化酶的抑制作用不明显,药物浓度为60μg/ml,抑制率均低于20％。(2)拮抗实验表明:核黄素、牛血清蛋白(BSA)能拮抗大黄素对线粒体NADH氧化酶的抑制作用。核黄素(3.3×10~(-4)mol/L)和BSA(1.6mg/ml)对大黄素抑制NADH氧化酶的恢复率分别为50.3％和44.6％,且恢复率随拮抗剂浓度的增加而增加。     

微量元素对虫草蝠蛾幼虫生长发育的影响

按月采样,分析测定虫草蝠蛾幼虫体微量元素的组成。应用Q模式系统聚类方法,分析了幼虫受环境影响引起的元素代谢变化。结果表明虫体所含元素与环境温度的变化及自身的生理活动密切相关。5、10月份幼虫组的元素含量相近,前者正当幼虫结束休眠后恢复活动的时期,后者是幼虫处于准备进入越冬的前期,两组幼虫此时均处于取食高峰期。3、4月份组的亦较接近,幼虫正渐恢复活动但不取食。8月份幼虫蜕皮前后,消耗较大,需摄取大量食物。计算结果表明7、9月份的元素含量接近,这与上述现象有一定联系;应用对应因子分析法得到的结果是:元素Fe、P对10、11月份幼虫组的贡献值显著;Na、Ca、Mg对8、9月份的贡献值显著;Cu、Zn、Co、Cd、Si对4、5月份的贡献值显著。     

污水和污水土地处理系统中各种水质对华西蟾蜍蝌蚪红细胞微核率的影响

本文使用蝌蚪红细胞微核率作为指示器研究明通河污水和用污水土地处理系统处理后水质的致突变性。蝌蚪在各种水样品中暴露7天。采心脏血制片。在对照组中,微核率分别为4.40‰和4.68‰。1/4明通河污水组诱发蝌蚪的微核率是17.01‰。同对照组相比有明显的差异。     

红腹锦鸡和白腹锦鸡卵壳的超微结构

本文报道了锦鸡属——白腹锦鸡和红腹锦鸡卵壳的气孔、外壳膜、锥体层、木栅层的超微结构。并对两者的卵壳进行了比较。     

A CD44-like endothelial cell transmembrane glycoprotein (GP116) interacts with extracellular matrix and ankyrin.

We used complementary biochemical and immunological techniques to establish that an endothelial cell transmembrane glycoprotein, GP116, is a CD44-like molecule and binds directly both to extracellular matrix components (e.g., hyaluronic acid) and to ankyrin. The specific characteristics of GP116 are as follows: (i) GP116 can be surface labeled with Na 125I and contains a wheat germ agglutinin-binding site(s), indicating that it has an extracellular domain; (ii) GP116 displays immunological cross-reactivity with a panel of CD44 antibodies, shares some peptide similarity with CD44, and has a similar 52-kDa precursor molecule, indicating that it is a CD44-like molecule; (iii) GP116 displays specific hyaluronic acid-binding properties, indicating that it is a hyaluronic acid receptor; (iv) GP116 can be phosphorylated by endogenous protein kinase C activated by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and by exogenously added protein kinase C; and (v) GP116 and a 20-kDa tryptic polypeptide fragment of GP116 from the intracellular domain are capable of binding the membrane-cytoskeleton linker molecule, ankyrin. Furthermore, phosphorylation of GP116 by protein kinase C significantly enhances GP116 binding to ankyrin. Together, these findings strongly suggest that phosphorylation of the transmembrane glycoprotein GP116 (a CD44-like molecule) by protein kinase C is required for effective GP116-ankyrin interaction during endothelial cell adhesion events.     

电刺激大鼠尾核头部镇痛的中枢效应—[^3H]—2脱氧...

Sokoloff's 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) autoradiographic technique was used to identify changes of glucose metabolic rate in the rat brain following unilateral stimulation of the head of the caudate nucleus. The results were as follows. The local glucose metabolic rate after noxious stimulation was increased in the somatosensory cortex, cingulate cortex, ventroposterior and parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus, septal area, habenular nucleus, head of caudate nucleus, periaqueductal gray (PAG) and dorsal raphe nucleus (P < 0.05). After stimulating the head of the caudate nucleus, the local glucose metabolic rate of nucleus raphe magnus (rm) and nucleus paragigantocellularis (pgcl) was increased significantly and that of the PAG and dorsal raphe nucleus had a tendency to increase, while stimulation of the head of caudate nucleus could partially abolish the increased glucose metabolic rate in the somatosensory cortex, cingulate cortex, ventroposterior and parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus, septal area and habenular nucleus as induced by noxious stimulation. These results suggest that caudate stimulation is able to depress the activation of some brain structures related to nociception and to activate those related to antinociception. The pgcl, rm, PAG and dorsal raphe nucleus might be the key structures participating in the caudate stimulation produced analgesia.     

小麦原胚对外源大分子与不透膜物质的摄入

为检验小麦原胚基端特定位点上的外连丝型胞间连丝和开放孔道在摄取外源物质上的作用,以不透膜的阳离子铁蛋白(cationized ferritin)和萤黄(lucifer yellow CH )为示踪物,对其吸入与传布动态进行了荧光与电子显微镜观察。结果表明,这两种物质确可以以非跨膜运输的方式沿着原胚基端的特定通道进入原胚细胞。     

Catalytic properties of X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase from Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris nTR.

An X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (X-PDAP; EC 3.4.14.5) was identified to be loosely bound on the inner cell membrane fraction of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris nTR. The biosynthesis of X-PDAP was continuously increased before the late-log growth phase of the bacteria. Both Gly-Pro-pNA and Ala-Ala-pNA were hydrolyzed by X-PDAP; the kcat/Km value of the former was about 10-fold that of the latter. The Ki of X-Pro and Pro-X were more specific to X-PDAP than those of X-Ala. The enzyme splitting a dipeptide sequentially from beta-casomorphin as a model catalytic pattern was identified and some properties of the enzyme were further characterized.     

The reconciliation behavior of golden monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellanae roxellanae) in small breeding groups

Observations were made following 130 spontaneous aggressive incidents in two small breeding groups of captive golden monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellanae roxellanae). Participants were observed both during the first 10 min following these incidents and during matched control observations. An increased contact rate was observed between opponents following the aggressive incident. Post-conflict contacts were characterized by a number of behavior patterns: open mouth, rapid grooming, embrace, and crouching. Adult males played an important role as mediator in agonistic disputes among females: males intervened in 93.6% of female fights. It is speculated that this intervention behavior is related to the species' organization into one-male units.     

Changes in pulmonary Cu−Zn contents in superior mesenteric artery occlusion shock of rabbit

Contents of Cu and Zn of into-pulmonary blood (IPB), out-pulmonary blood (OPB), Lung tissue, and supernatant and macrophages of Lung Lavage were determined in superior mesenteric artery occlusion (SMAO) shock of rabbits. Zn of pulmonary tissue was 11.42 +/- 0.60 and 14.52 +/- 1.78 (micrograms/g wet wt) in SMAO shock and control groups, respectively. Content of Zn was found to be lower, Cu was not changed, and Cu/Zn ratio increased in lung tissue in SMAO shock. Contents of Cu and Zn in other samples were not changed. The results suggest that lower Zn in lung tissue related to acute lung injury.