缙云山常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段植物生活型谱比较研究

采用Raunkiner生活型分类系统,对缙云山常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段植物的生活型进行统计,编制了生活型谱,并与其他亚热带地区常绿阔叶林相比较。结果表明,缙云山植被属典型的中亚热带常绿阔叶林植被,高位芽植物占绝对优势,达80％以上,其中小高位芽植物最多,中高位芽与矮高位芽植物次之,藤本植物较丰富。缙云山不同演替阶段的植物的生活型谱不同。随着进展演替阶段的逐渐更替,高位芽植物的比例呈递增趋势,地面芽植物、地下芽植物成分有所减少。高位芽的常绿树种会逐渐代替针叶树种。     

大连地区感染性腹泻病原监测结果分析

目的 了解大连地区感染性腹泻病原菌的种类和流行特征,为感染性腹泻的预防控制和临床治疗提供依据.方法 采用常规粪便培养方法,对分离菌做血清学分型,用MicroScan WalkAway-40全自动细菌鉴定及药敏分析仪对分离菌做生化鉴定,对检出的志贺菌做药敏试验,并用WHONET 5.4软件对药敏结果进行统计分析.结果 监测872例腹泻患者样本,检出感染性腹泻病原菌109株,阳性率为12.5％,其中志贺菌所占比例最大,其次为沙门菌,副溶血弧菌排第三.志贺菌对碳青霉烯类、氟喹诺酮类和头孢菌素类等敏感,对青霉素类和复方磺胺类耐药.结论 志贺菌是大连地区感染性腹泻的首要病原菌,沙门菌和副溶血弧菌次之,应依据此监测结果做好大连地区腹泻病的防治工作;同时根据耐药性监测结果合理使用抗生素应对志贺菌,减少耐药菌株出现.     

渗透压调控对裂殖壶菌发酵产DHA的影响

考察了不同渗透胁迫(0、10、20、30和40 g/L NaCl)对裂殖壶菌HX-308发酵产DHA及脂肪酸构成的影响。结果表明:20 g/L NaCl最有利于裂殖壶菌生长和DHA积累,生物量、总脂肪酸含量、DHA产量及DHA占生物量的比值分别为73 g/L、10.7 g/L、5.0 g/L和68 mg/g,并且DHA在总脂肪酸中所占百分比最高,为45.2%。此外,在低渗透压(10 g/L NaCl)条件下,添加40 mmol/L甘氨酸甜菜碱,DHA产量与未添加相比提高了28.21%;在高渗透压(40 g/L NaCl)条件下添加40 mmol/L海藻糖,DHA产量提高了46.84%;表明添加适量的外源相容性溶质能有效地促进裂殖壶菌积累DHA。     

Functional and Anatomical Connectivity Abnormalities in Cognitive Division of Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Schizophrenia

Introduction

Current pathophysiological theories of schizophrenia highlight the role of altered brain functional and anatomical connectivity. The cognitive division of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC-cd) is a commonly reported abnormal brain region in schizophrenia for its importance in cognitive control process. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional and anatomical connectivity of ACC-cd and its cognitive and clinical manifestation significance in schizophrenia by using the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Methods

Thirty-three medicated schizophrenics and 30 well-matched health controls were recruited. Region-of-interest (ROI)-based resting-state functional connectivity analysis and Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) were performed on 30 patients and 30 controls, and 24 patients and 29 controls, respectively. The Pearson correlation was performed between the imaging measures and the Stroop performance and scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), respectively.

Results

Patients with schizophrenia showed significantly abnormal in the functional connectivity and its hemispheric asymmetry of the ACC-cd with multiple brain areas, e.g., decreased positive connectivity with the bilateral putamen and caudate, increased negative connectivity with the left posterior cingulated cortex (PCC), increased asymmetry of connectivity strength with the contralateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). The FA of the right anterior cingulum was significantly decreased in patients group (p = 0.014). The abnormal functional and structural connectivity of ACC-cd were correlated with Stroop performance and the severity of the symptoms in patients.

Conclusions

Our results suggested that the abnormal connectivity of the ACC-cd might play a role in the cognitive impairment and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia.     

Positive and Negative Relationship between Anxiety and Depression of Patients in Pain: A Bifactor Model Analysis

Background

The relationship between anxiety and depression in pain patients has not been clarified comprehensively. Previous research has identified a common factor in anxiety and depression, which may explain why depression and anxiety are strongly correlated. However, the specific clinical features of anxiety and depression seem to pull in opposite directions.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to develop a statistical model of depression and anxiety, based on data from pain patients using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). This model should account for the positive correlation between depression and anxiety in terms of a general factor and also demonstrate a latent negative correlation between the specific factors underlying depression and anxiety.

Methods

The anxiety and depression symptoms of pain patients were evaluated using the HADS and the severity of their pain was assessed with the visual analogue scale (VAS). We developed a hierarchical model of the data using an IRT method called bifactor analysis. In addition, we tested this hierarchical model with model fit comparisons with unidimensional, bidimensional, and tridimensional models. The correlations among anxiety, depression, and pain severity were compared, based on both the bidimensional model and our hierarchical model.

Results

The bidimensional model analysis found that there was a large positive correlation between anxiety and depression (r = 0.638), and both scores were significantly positively correlated with pain severity. After extracting general factor of distress using bifactor analysis, the specific factors underlying anxiety and depression were weakly but significantly negatively correlated (r = −0.245) and only the general factor was significantly correlated with pain severity. Compared with the three first-order models, the bifactor hierarchical model had the best model fit.

Conclusion

Our results support the hypothesis that apart from distress, anxiety and depression are inversely correlated. This finding has not been convincingly demonstrated in previous research.     

S3307浸种盐胁迫下对黄瓜幼苗存活和生理的影响

用S3307粉剂不同浓度对“夏丰一号”黄瓜浸种,探讨培育抗盐性较强幼苗最适的处理浓度。结果表明：与非盐胁迫相比,在0．5％的NaCl胁迫下,用S3307粉剂不同浓度浸种的黄瓜幼苗存活率明显提高,幼苗相对含水量、可溶性糖含量、叶绿素含量及光合速率下降缓慢,电解质外渗率增加幅度小。其中,以20μg/L S3307浸种处理17h的抗盐效果最好。     

石香薷挥发油提取的比较研究

利用GC-MS对石香薷挥发油进行了定性、定量分析。采取超临界CO2萃取、水蒸气蒸馏和有机溶剂石油醚萃取这三种方法提取石香薷挥发油。这三种方法提取石香薷挥发油的主要成分基本相似,主要为含氧化合物(香薷酮、百里香酚和香荆芥酚)等,采取超临界CO2萃取和水蒸气蒸馏的石香薷挥发油品质较优。超临界CO2萃取法为提取石香薷挥发油的理想方法。     

维生素C对视网膜色素上皮蓝光损伤保护作用的研究(简报)

维生素C为6碳多羟化合物,在化学反应中易失去电子,依次生成半脱氧抗坏血酸和脱氧抗坏血酸。因此,维生素C可作为自由基清除剂,能迅速与超氧阴离子、氢化氧基、过氧化氢、羟自由基反应,生成抗坏血酸自由基。蓝光作为一种短波长,靠近紫外线频段的光,具有能量高的特点,是自然界中导致视网膜色素上皮细胞损伤甚至凋亡的主要光线。本实验通过观察蓝光照射视网膜色素上皮,对其DNA的损伤产生光损伤作用,并比较加入维生素C后对这种光损伤的保护作用,以期探讨维生素C在     

长野芽孢杆菌普鲁兰酶基因在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达及酶学性质研究

根据NCBI上报道的基因序列设计引物,以长野芽孢杆菌(Bacillus naganoensis)ATCC53909的染色体DNA为模板,PCR扩增普鲁兰酶编码基因pulB。将此基因与表达载体pWB980连接构建重组质粒pWB-pulB,并转化枯草芽孢杆菌WB600。SDS-PAGE结果显示,在100 kD处有特异性条带,经测定重组转化子粗酶液酶活力达10.94 U/mL。酶学性质分析表明,其最适反应温度为60℃,最适反应pH为5.0,且在温度30-60℃及pH4.0-6.0范围内稳定,适合淀粉加工行业的应用。     

HSCCC-ELSD法分离纯化青葙子中的皂苷

连接有蒸发光散射检测器的高速逆流色谱仪首次成功的应用于制备和分离青葙子中的皂苷celosins A和B.二氯甲烷∶正丁醇∶甲醇∶水(4∶0.3∶3∶2)+0.5％冰醋酸作为洗脱溶剂系统.从半制备型HSCCC收集到的组分进行HPLC分析,可以得到:celosin A纯度为98.9％,celosin B的纯度为98.1％.这是高速逆流色谱仪首次被用于纯化青葙子中的皂苷,两个化合物的结构通过碳谱和质谱来确定.