广西麻鸡FOXL2基因的克隆、序列分析及在高低产蛋量卵巢中的表达

为了研究鸡FOXL2基因的结构和功能,本研究克隆了广西麻鸡FOXL2基因编码区序列,分析了其突变位点及与其他物种的同源性和进化距离,以及在高产组和低产组母鸡卵巢组织中的表达水平.结果 表明:广西麻鸡FOXL2基因的编码区长度为918 bp,共编码305个氨基酸,存在一处错义突变和两处同义突变.通过物种间的同源性分析显示,广西麻鸡FOXL2基因与原鸡(Gallus gallus)、雉鸡(Phasianus colchicus)、绿头鸭(Anas platyrhynchos)、野鸽(Columba livia)、人(Homo sapiens)、小鼠(Mus musculus)的同源性分别为99.7％、98.8％、95.1％、92.0％、75.7％、75.5％.通过种间进化树分析表明,广西麻鸡与原鸡(Gallus gallus)的亲缘关系最近,与小鼠(Mus musculus)的亲缘关系最远.FOXL2在高低产蛋量鸡卵巢中的表达水平结果显示:FOXL2基因在高产蛋组中的表达量显著高于低产蛋组中的表达量(P＜0.05).该研究结果提示鸡FOXL2的序列相对较保守,对卵巢功能的维持和提高产蛋量具有功能性作用.     

鳖甲煎丸通过LncRNA-mRNA顺式调控抑制肝癌细胞

为了研究鳖甲煎丸抑制肝癌细胞过程中lncRNA表达谱的变化及lncRNA-mRNA顺式调控在其中的机制,本研究通过CCK8方法检测鳖甲煎丸作用于SMMC-7721细胞后的增殖活性变化,经全细胞转录组学分析lncRNA的表达和特征后构建LncRNA-mRNA顺式调控网络.结果表明鳖甲煎丸含药血清作用肝癌细胞株后其增殖活性受到抑制.全细胞转录组学分析找到差异表达的172个LncRNA.构建lncRNA-mRNA顺式调控网络,对调控基因进行生存分析发现,SCRN1、PLEKHA1、HNRNPM、TMEM107、ETNK1、ISG20L2的表达与肝细胞癌患者生存率显著负相关(P＜0.05).因此得出结论,LncRNA参与鳖甲煎丸抑制肝癌细胞增殖的过程,LncRNA-mRNA顺式调控是其分子机制之一.     

杧果蔗糖合成酶MiSS基因的克隆与表达分析

为克隆杧果(Mangifera indica L.)蔗糖合成酶基因序列,预测其编码蛋白特性,阐明其在果实发育过程中的表达规律和作用.本研究采用同源克隆法和RACE技术克隆了1个编码蔗糖合成酶基因的全长cDNA,命名为MiSS,其cDNA全长2110 bp,开放阅读框为1455 bp,编码484个氨基酸,相对分子量为55.3 kD,理论等电点为6.08.系统进化分析显示,MiSS基因编码的氨基酸序列与温州蜜柑(Citrus unshiu)、荔枝(Litchi chinensis)、龙眼(Dimocarpus longan)氨基酸序列一致性为90％～93％.RT-qPCR分析显示,MiSS基因表达量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且果实发育各时期果皮内MiSS基因表达量均显著高于果肉,综合分析MiSS基因可能与淀粉的合成密切相关.本研究为进一步了解MiSS基因在杧果蔗糖代谢过程中的作用以及从分子角度阐明植物生长调节剂对杧果蔗糖代谢的影响机理奠定了理论和技术基础.     

Viral RNA-binding ability conferred by SUMOylation at PB1 K612 of influenza A virus is essential for viral pathogenesis and transmission

Posttranslational modifications, such as SUMOylation, play specific roles in the life cycle of invading pathogens. However, the effect of SUMOylation on the adaptation, pathogenesis, and transmission of influenza A virus (IAV) remains largely unknown. Here, we found that a conserved lysine residue at position 612 (K612) of the polymerase basic protein 1 (PB1) of IAV is a bona fide SUMOylation site. SUMOylation of PB1 at K612 had no effect on the stability or cellular localization of PB1, but was critical for viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complex activity and virus replication in vitro. When tested in vivo, we found that the virulence of SUMOylation-defective PB1/K612R mutant IAVs was highly attenuated in mice. Moreover, the airborne transmission of a 2009 pandemic H1N1 PB1/K612R mutant virus was impaired in ferrets, resulting in reversion to wild-type PB1 K612. Mechanistically, SUMOylation at K612 was essential for PB1 to act as the enzymatic core of the viral polymerase by preserving its ability to bind viral RNA. Our study reveals an essential role for PB1 K612 SUMOylation in the pathogenesis and transmission of IAVs, which can be targeted for the design of anti-influenza therapies.     

Baicalein alleviates osteoarthritis by protecting subchondral bone,inhibiting angiogenesis and synovial proliferation

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most frequent chronic joint diseases with the increasing life expectancy. The main characteristics of the disease are loss of articular cartilage, subchondral bone sclerosis and synovium inflammation. Physical measures, drug therapy and surgery are the mainstay of treatments for OA, whereas drug therapies are mainly limited to analgesics, glucocorticoids, hyaluronic acids and some alternative therapies because of single therapeutic target of OA joints. Baicalein, a traditional Chinese medicine extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been widely used in anti-inflammatory therapies. Previous studies revealed that baicalein could alleviate cartilage degeneration effectively by acting on articular chondrocytes. However, the mechanisms involved in baicalein-mediated protection of the OA are not completely understood in consideration of integrality of arthrosis. In this study, we found that intra-articular injection of baicalein ameliorated subchondral bone remodelling. Further studies showed that baicalein could decrease the number of differentiated osteoblasts by inhibiting pre-osteoblasts proliferation and promoting pre-osteoblasts apoptosis. In addition, baicalein impaired angiogenesis of endothelial cells and inhibited proliferation of synovial cells. Taken together, these results implicated that baicalein might be an effective medicine for treating OA by regulating multiple targets.     

Down-regulated LINC00115 inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion via targeting miR-212-5p/FZD5/Wnt/β-catenin axis

Prostate cancer is the second most frequent malignancy in men worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. Therefore, it is urgently required to clarify the underlying mechanisms of prostate cancer. Although the long non-coding RNA LINC00115 was identified as an oncogene in several cancers, the expression and function of LINC00115 in prostate cancer have not been explored. Our results showed that LINC00115 was significantly up-regulated in prostate cancer tissues, which was significantly associated with a poor prognosis for prostate cancer patients. Functional studies showed that knockdown LINC00115 inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. In addition, LINC00115 served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) through sponging miR-212-5p to release Frizzled Family Receptor 5 (FZD5) expression. The expression of miR-212-5p was noticeably low in tumour tissues, and FZD5 expression level was down-regulated with the knockdown of LINC00115. Knockdown LINC00115 inhibited the Wnt/β‑catenin signalling pathway by inhibiting the expression of FZD5. Rescue experiments further showed that LINC00115 inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion via targeting miR-212-5p/ FZD5/ Wnt/β-catenin axis. The present study provided clues that LINC00115 may be a promising novel therapeutic target for prostate cancer patients.     

3D biomechanical properties of the layered esophagus: Fung-type SEF and new constitutive model

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology - Background and Purpose: Most current studies on the passive biomechanical properties of esophageal tissues directly use the exponential strain energy...     

A multiscale model for multiple platelet aggregation in shear flow

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology - We developed a multiscale model for simulating aggregation of multiple, free-flowing platelets in low–intermediate shear viscous flow, in which...