早期乳腺癌保乳术后放射治疗的临床研究

目的:通过对早期乳腺癌保乳术后放射治疗的研究,探讨其远期疗效及瘤床加量照射和放化疗顺序等问题。方法:84例早期乳腺癌患者行保乳手术,术后行三维适形放疗,50Gy/25次,1次/天,5次/周,瘤床局部加量10～16Gy/5～8次。化疗采用蒽环类为主的方案,65例肿瘤直径>1cm者先化疗3个周期后放疗,然后再化疗1～3周期,13例肿瘤直径≤1cm者在术后3～6周放疗,然后化疗4～6个周期。ER/PR阳性者均行内分泌治疗。结果:全组病人5年生存率100%,5年无瘤生存率91.4%。3例乳腺局部复发,3例分别出现肺、肝和骨转移,其中2例死于肿瘤转移。总复发率7.1%。瘤床加量组局部复发率低于未加量组(P=0.04)。放化疗顺序对肿瘤复发率无影响(P=0.15)。美容效果优良率94%,一般者3.6%,差者2.4%。结论:放射治疗是早期乳腺癌保乳治疗的重要组成部分,瘤床加量照射可降低局部复发率。放化疗顺序对于局部复发率影响不大。     

Isolation and characterization of polymorphic trinucleotide microsatellites of the polyploid crucian carp (Carassius auratus)

In this study, we isolated and characterized nine polymorphic trinucleotide microsatellites (CAG and CCT) from the crucian carp (Carassius auratus). The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to six. Five loci showed a significantly excess homozygosity, and a genetic linkage between CAL0102 and CAL0495 was strongly suggested. Our results confirmed the triploidy of Korean individuals, and the microsatellites were found to be useful for analysing the allelic state of the polyploid crucian carp.     

梓树苗木地下和地上竞争的效应研究

采用生物量计算的竞争指数和通径分析的方法,研究了3种密度的梓树苗木地下竞争和地上竞争的关系及对总竞争的影响。结果显示,梓树苗木地下生物量、地上生物量和总生物量与密度密切相关,随着密度的增加,其根、茎、叶的生物量减少,根冠比均小于1。在同一密度条件下,地上竞争指数明显大于地下竞争指数,地上竞争对总竞争的直接作用范围(0.449 3～0.973 1)明显大于地下竞争对总竞争的直接作用(0.275 6～0.773 2)。研究表明,梓树幼苗地上茎、叶的竞争在梓树苗木总的竞争中占有重要地位。     

黄连-黄芩药对化学成分的UPLC-PDA-MS分析

本文建立了黄连-黄芩药对化学成分的UPLC-PDA-MS分析方法。实验采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18柱,流动相为0.05%甲酸水和甲醇梯度洗脱;检测波长280 nm;MS一级全扫描模式。综合分析标准品及不同样品的色谱峰保留时间、紫外光谱及MS一级全扫描质谱图,归属了黄连-黄芩提取液中的12个主要色谱峰,鉴别出8种成分,推断出2种成分,同时对鉴别出的8种成分进行了定量,被测成分在线性范围内均具有良好的线性关系(r≥0.9991),精密度、重复性的RSD均小于5.0%,加样回收率基本在95%～105%内。本方法快捷、准确,重复性好,能同时测定8个主要化学成分,可较全面地控制黄连-黄芩药对化学成分的含量。     

思茅松松脂分类加工初探

通过对云南思茅松松脂的理化分析,论述了松脂生产加工中存在问题,提出了思茅松松脂分类加工的必要性.     

应用荧光高效液相测定麦芽根中磷脂酶D的活性

本文以啤酒麦芽根为试验材料,建立了适合麦芽根中磷脂酶D制备及活性测定的技术体系.磷脂酶D标准品在0.3～3.0 mU酶量范围与荧光物质的生成量呈线性关系,相关系数r=0.9901;孵育时间在0～45 min内,荧光物质的生成量与孵育时间呈线性相关.检测麦芽根处理后湿粗酶样的酶活为3.45 U/mg.该方法经实际应用,具有良好的准确性和重现性,且操作简单,易推广.     

兔病毒性出血症病毒基因组结构与功能研究进展

兔病毒性出血症病毒(Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus,RHDV)是一种对兔具有高度致病性和致死性的病毒,所引发的疫病俗称”兔瘟”,其病死率高达100%,是一种对养兔业危害性比较严重的重要传染病。RHDV在分类地位上属于杯状病毒科(Caliciviridae),兔病毒属(Lagovirus)。迄今所发     

Evidence for range stasis during the latter Pleistocene for the Atlantic Coastal Plain endemic genus,Pyxidanthera Michaux

The general phylogeographical paradigm for eastern North America (ENA) is that many plant and animal species retreated into southern refugia during the last glacial period, then expanded northward after the last glacial maximum (LGM). However, some taxa of the Gulf and Atlantic Coastal Plain (GACP) demonstrate complex yet recurrent distributional patterns that cannot be explained by this model. For example, eight co‐occurring endemic plant taxa with ranges from New York to South Carolina exhibit a large disjunction separating northern and southern populations by >300 km. Pyxidanthera (Diapensiaceae), a plant genus that exhibits this pattern, consists of two taxa recognized as either species or varieties. We investigated the taxonomy and phylogeography of Pyxidanthera using morphological data, cpDNA sequences, and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Morphological characters thought to be important in distinguishing Pyxidanthera barbulata and P. brevifolia demonstrate substantial overlap with no clear discontinuities. Genetic differentiation is minimal and diversity estimates for northern and southern populations of Pxyidanthera are similar, with no decrease in rare alleles in northern populations. In addition, the northern populations harbour several unique cpDNA haplotypes. Pyxidanthera appears to consist of one morphologically variable species that persisted in or near its present range at least through the latter Pleistocene, while the vicariance of the northern and southern populations may be comparatively recent. This work demonstrates that the refugial paradigm is not always appropriate and GACP endemic plants, in particular, may exhibit phylogeographical patterns qualitatively different from those of other ENA plant species.     

膜壳科绦虫一新种(绦虫纲:圆叶目)

报道啮齿类绦虫一新种,定名为锡盟啮壳绦虫。文中对新种形态特征进行了详细描述并与近似种作了比较,模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。