红松针叶的凋落及其分解速率研究

在长白山森林生态系统研究中,对红松（pinus koraiensis)针叶凋落情况及其分解过程进行研究,表明,红松针叶一般可存活3－4a,调查中存活的为6a。红松叶的寿命与光照密度相关,在针中密集及透光不足的地方针叶寿命较短。红松针叶凋落后,在林地上分解较快,一般4a后其干重保持率为16．6％。模拟实验证明,红松针叶的分解率与海拔和植被类型密切相关。在海拔低的红松阔叶林下,因气温高,分解较快;在海拔较高的云冷杉红松林和岳桦林中分解速度变慢,在高山苔原带分解最慢。     

中国寄生云杉的顶裂盘菌及其无性阶段

本文报道了寄生在云杉上的中国新记录种顶裂盘菌(Lophophacidium hyperboreumLagerb.);首次发现了这个种的无性型座壳梭孢属(Apostrasseria sp.),证实了融雪前病株针叶上有表生的菌丝和小菌核;查清了它是新疆云杉林中的广布种,引致云杉雪枯病;发现了新分布区,地理分布范围在75°—94°E,37°40′—49°N;发现了新寄主,多土的西伯利亚云杉(Picea obovata Ledeb.)和引进的青海云杉(P.crassifolia Kom.)、川西云杉(P.balfourianaRehd.et Wils.)。     

浦东滩涂中型土壤动物群落结构及土质酸碱度生物评价分析

1999年,对上海浦东滩涂4类不同酸碱度土壤中的中型土壤动物进行了调查。应用物种丰富度,个体数多度,多样性指数和均匀度4个群落参数,并结合种类研究,讨论了土壤动物群落结构与不同酸碱度土壤的关系。结果表明,土壤中弹尾目和蜱螨目对不同酸碱度土壤反应敏感。弹尾目的3个群落参数和蜱螨目的4个参数均很好地反映与土壤反应敏感。弹尾目的3个群落参数和蜱螨目的4个参数均很好地反映与土壤pH的关系,相关系数分别在0．9以上和0．85左右,在pH相差较大的情况下,可以区分不同酸碱度的土壤。弹尾目的符Tao(Paranura sp.)可用于评价酸碱度较接近的土壤,球角Tao(Hypogastrura sp.）可用于评价酸碱度相差较大,高pH或环境条件较恶劣的土壤。     

The role of WNT5A and Ror2 in peritoneal membrane injury

Patients on peritoneal dialysis are at risk of developing peritoneal fibrosis and angiogenesis, which can lead to dysfunction of the peritoneal membrane. Recent evidence has identified cross-talk between transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) and the WNT/β-catenin pathway to induce fibrosis and angiogenesis. Limited evidence exists describing the role of non-canonical WNT signalling in peritoneal membrane injury. Non-canonical WNT5A is suggested to have different effects depending on the receptor environment. WNT5A has been implicated in antagonizing canonical WNT/β-catenin signalling in the presence of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (Ror2). We co-expressed TGFB and WNT5A using adenovirus and examined its role in the development of peritoneal fibrosis and angiogenesis. Treatment of mouse peritoneum with AdWNT5A decreased the submesothelial thickening and angiogenesis induced by AdTGFB. WNT5A appeared to block WNT/β-catenin signalling by inhibiting phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3B) and reducing levels of total β-catenin and target proteins. To examine the function of Ror2, we silenced Ror2 in a human mesothelial cell line. We treated cells with AdWNT5A and observed a significant increase in fibronectin compared with AdWNT5A alone. We also analysed fibronectin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in a TGFB model of mesothelial cell injury. Both fibronectin and VEGF were significantly increased in response to Ror2 silencing when cells were exposed to TGFB. Our results suggest that WNT5A inhibits peritoneal injury and this is associated with a decrease in WNT/β-catenin signalling. In human mesothelial cells, Ror2 is involved in regulating levels of fibronectin and VEGF.     

电针对帕金森病模型小鼠黑质铁染色细胞和铁蛋白表达的影响

目的探讨电针防治帕金森病的作用机制。方法采用1-甲基-4-苯基1,2,3,6四氢吡啶腹腔注射建立帕金森病小鼠模型,利用组织化学技术以及免疫组织化学技术观察电针对帕金森病小鼠脑黑质铁染色细胞和铁蛋白表达的影响。结果模型组1周、2周、4周小鼠黑质铁染色阳性细胞的数量较正常组明显增多,染色强度也明显增强（P〈0．001;P〈0．01;P〈0．001）,电针在3个存活期内均可明显减少帕金森病小鼠黑质铁阳性细胞的数量和染色强度（P〈0．001;P〈0．05;P〈0．001）;模型组1周、2周黑质部位铁蛋白的表达与正常组相比都有不同程度下降（P〈0．01;P〈0．001）,而电针组2周帕金森病小鼠黑质铁蛋白的表达与模型组相比显著增加（P〈0．01）。结论电针可以通过降低脑内铁的含量,同时增加铁蛋白的表达,从而提高帕金森病模型小鼠脑抗氧化能力,达到保护黑质多巴胺能神经元的目的。     

spindlin1基因的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

目的:明确人新基因spindlin1的组织表达谱、相互作用蛋白。方法与结果:应用PCR技术获得spindlin1的开放读框,并将其插入原核表达载体pGEX-2T,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导后,融合蛋白GST-Spindlin1获得了可溶性表达。用SDS-PAGE胶上的目的条带做抗原制备了多克隆抗体,进行了抗体纯化。结论:spindlin1在OVCar3细胞中可能以二聚体形式存在,这一现象还有待于进一步研究。     

异烟肼耐药结核分枝杆菌感染人源巨噬细胞的蛋白质组学研究

利用双向电泳技术,对人源巨噬细胞U937感染异烟肼耐药结核分枝杆菌前后的全细胞蛋白表达图谱进行差异比较和分析,发现其中产生差异的有32个蛋白质斑点,利用基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱技术,对其中5个表达明显上调的蛋白质斑点进行分析鉴定,获得5个明确的肽质量指纹图谱,通过在数据库中进行检索分析,确定这5个蛋白质分别为热休克蛋白105_β、凋亡抑制蛋白-1、磷酸甘油酸变位酶1、组织蛋白酶B、桥粒胶蛋白3.上述发现有助于了解耐药结核分枝杆菌入侵早期导致的巨噬细胞蛋白质组表达变化,为深入研究耐药结核分枝杆菌-宿主相互作用提供了探索方向.     

曲古抑菌素A对体外培养牛成纤维细胞组蛋白乙酰化和甲基化的影响

Trichostatin A(TSA)是一种特异的组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂。研究显示,TSA可以特异地抑制组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性,提高细胞的组蛋白乙酰化水平,激活基因的表达。但是,目前还不是很清楚TSA处理是否对组蛋白甲基化产生影响。本研究以成纤维细胞为研究对象,利用免疫细胞化学技术及激光共聚焦显微镜,探讨了TSA处理体细胞对其组蛋白乙酰化及甲基化修饰的影响。结果显示,随TSA浓度增加,体细胞形态发生明显的改变,细胞变得扁平且核区较大,处理后组蛋白H4K8位点的乙酰化水平随着TSA浓度的增加明显提高。检测组蛋白H3上两个甲基化位点发现,随组蛋白乙酰化水平的增加,H3K4位点的三甲基化（H3K4me3）水平也显著提高。但是,对于H3K9的二甲基化水平（H3K9me2）则没有明显变化。以上结果显示,TSA的处理不仅可以提高体细胞的组蛋白乙酰化水平,同时也增加了与基因表达激活相关组蛋白修饰位点的甲基化水平,但是对于与沉默基因相关的组蛋白修饰位点则没有明显的影响。     

Intraflagellar transport delivers tubulin isotypes to sensory cilium middle and distal segments

Sensory cilia are assembled and maintained by kinesin-2-dependent intraflagellar transport (IFT). We investigated whether two Caenorhabditis elegans α- and β-tubulin isotypes, identified through mutants that lack their cilium distal segments, are delivered to their assembly sites by IFT. Mutations in conserved residues in both tubulins destabilize distal singlet microtubules. One isotype, TBB-4, assembles into microtubules at the tips of the axoneme core and distal segments, where the microtubule tip tracker EB1 is found, and localizes all along the cilium, whereas the other, TBA-5, concentrates in distal singlets. IFT assays, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis and modelling indicate that the continual transport of sub-stoichiometric numbers of these tubulin subunits by the IFT machinery can maintain sensory cilia at their steady-state length.