植物KCO基因密码子使用特性

以植物钾离子外排通道（K’channeloutward．rectifier,KCO）基因为研究对象,运用CodonW软件分析了75个植物KCO基因密码子的使用模式,探讨密码子的使用模式和影响密码子使用的各种可能因素。结果表明：碱基组成差异（r=0．961,P〈0．01）和自然选择（r=0．568,P〈0．01）是影响密码子使用的主要因素,并且高表达的基因强烈偏爱使用以G或C结尾的密码子。确定了UUC、CUC等26个均以G／C结尾的密码子为植物KcD基因的高表达优越密码子。     

CLUE-S模型在南京市土地利用变化研究中的应用

土地利用/覆盖变化模型是研究区域景观动态并解释其驱动机制的重要技术手段.应用CLUE-S模型,在Landsat TM影像等相关数据支持下,对南京地区1998-2006年土地利用的时空动态变化进行了研究.结果表明:各土地利用类型变化受地形因素影响最大,人均GDP与城镇用地和农业用地的分布呈显著相关,城乡主干道对土地利用变化的贡献显著大于省级及以上道路;海拔较高区域林地的发生比率较高,而地形低平区域农田、城建用地的发生比率较高.经检验,在300 m空间分辨率水平,对南京地区2003年、2006年土地利用状况模拟的精度分别达到了85.7%和84.1%;而通过将研究区分成若干子区,分别修正模型参数并重新模拟,准确率提高到89.7%和88.3%,分区赋值法有效地提高了模拟精度.研究表明,CLUE-S模型对城市发展的空间结构也有较强的预测能力,对指导城市规划、分析景观动态的驱动机制有重要参考价值.     

细胞毒T淋巴细胞抗原-4的研究进展

细胞毒T淋巴细胞抗原-4(CTLA-4)是激活的T细胞表达的一种膜蛋白,属免疫球蛋白超家族成员,它通过与B7分子的结合来阻止共刺激信号的传递,抑制抗原特异性T淋巴细胞的增殖活化,起到抑制免疫反应及诱导免疫耐受的作用。CTLA-4在自身免疫病、过敏性疾病、感染、肿瘤及抗移植排斥等领域具有广阔的应用前景。简要综述了CTLA-4的基因、分子结构,及其与T细胞应答的关系。     

流行性乙型脑炎病毒E基因的克隆、表达及初步应用

参照GenBank中的日本乙型脑炎病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus,JEV)SA14-14株序列设计了一对特异性引物,用PCR方法从SA14-14扩增E基因全长,然后克隆到pMD18-T载体中,转化宿主菌DH5a,提取阳性克隆质粒进行双酶切鉴定,将目的片段定向克隆到pET32a( )中,转化入BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导可表达分子量约73ka的蛋白,Western blotting试验呈阳性,表明E基因得到表达。以纯化的表达产物为核心抗原,猪抗JEV血清为一抗,HRP标记羊抗猪IgG抗体为二抗建立间接ELISA方法,并初步检测了一些血清样品,结果提示表达的蛋白具有很好的应用开发价值。     

2011-2017年大连市输入性卵形疟原虫感染病例的实验室诊断

目的分析大连市2011-2017年7例输入性卵形疟原虫感染病例的病原、抗原及核酸检测结果,以提高卵形疟原虫诊断的准确率和效率。方法收集7例疑似疟疾患者的血样,对血样进行血涂片镜检、快速疟疾诊断试纸条检测(RDT)及荧光定量PCR检测。结果血涂片镜检结果显示7例患者均感染卵形疟原虫。RDT检测结果显示2例阴性,另外5例为泛疟原虫抗原阳性。荧光定量PCR结果显示7例患者均检出疟原虫属和卵形疟原虫核酸。结论综合镜检、RDT及荧光定量PCR检测结果确定该7例患者均为卵形疟原虫感染。     

Amplification, analysis and chromosome mapping of novel homeobox-containing and homeobox-flanking sequences in rice

Homeobox genes, widely distributed among animal and plant kingdoms, play an important role in developmental process. Several homeobox conserved fragments were amplified by PCR and the flanking regions were also obtained by an LM-PCR procedure. Sequencing and Southern analysis showed that they belong to a homeobox gene family of rice. Six homeobox-containing fragments were mapped on the molecular linkage map of rice. They were located on chromosomes 3, 4 and 7 respectively. It is noteworthy that there are 4 homeobox fragments located on rice chromosome 3 and the result is also consistent with the comparative genomics between rice and maize.     

细胞因子基因转导对人乳腺癌细胞MHC抗原及细胞膜糖蛋白表达的影响

为探讨细胞因子基因(人IL-2、IL-6)转导对于肿瘤细胞膜MHC抗原及细胞膜糖蛋白表达调控的影响,本文利用脂质体介导的方法,将含人IL-6、IL-2基因的逆转录病毒载体分别导入人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7细胞中,采用间接免疫荧光染色流式细胞仪测定法,对基因转导的瘤细胞细胞膜糖蛋白及MHC抗原表达进行测定。结果表明经两种基因修饰的MCF-7细胞MHCⅠ型抗原表达均获得增强,此外,基因转导细胞可程度不同地表现出细胞膜多种糖蛋白表达的变化。提示肿瘤细胞膜抗原及糖蛋白表达的改变可能是细胞因子基因转导影响肿瘤细胞免疫原性的重要结构基础。     

The thymic stromal cell line MTSC4 induced thymocyte apoptosis in a non-MHC-restricted manner

Mouse thymic stromal cell line 4 (MTSC4) is one of the stromal cell lines established in our laboratory. While losing the characteristics of epithelial cells, they express some surface markers shared with thymic dendritic cells (TDCs). To further study the biological functions of these cells, we compared the capability of MTSC4 with TDCs in the induction of thymocyte apoptosis, using thymic reaggregation culture system. Apoptosis of thymocytes induced by MTSC4 and TDCs was measured by Annexin V and PI staining and analyzed by flow cytometry. We found that MTSC4 selectively augmented the apoptosis of CD4^ 8^ (DP) thymocytes. This effect was Fas/FasL independent and could not be blocked by antibodies to MHC class I and class II molecules. In addition, MTSC4 enhanced the apoptosis of DP thymocytes from different strains of mice, which implies that MTSC4-induced thymocyte apoptosis is not mediated by the TCR recognition of self peptide/MHC molecules. In contrast to MTSC4, thymocyte apoptosis induced by TDCs was MHC-restricted. Thus, MHC-independent fashion of stromal-DP thymocyte interaction may be one of the ways to induce thymocyte apoptosis in thymus. Our study has also shown that the interaction of MTSC4 stromal cells and thymocytes is required for the induction of thymocyte apoptosis.     

N-Acetylcysteine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced organ damage in conscious rats

Lipopolysaccharide is strongly associated with septic shock, leading to multiple organ failure. It can activate monocytes and macrophages to release proinflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and nitric oxide (NO). The present experiments were designed to induce endotoxin shock by an intravenous injection ofKlebsiella pneumoniae lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg) in conscious rats. Arterial pressure and heart rate (HR) were continuously monitored for 48 h after LPS administration. N-Acetyl-cysteine was used to study its effects on organ damage. Biochemical substances were measured to reflect organ functions. Biochemical factors included blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), aspartate transferase (GOT), alanine transferase (GPT), TNF-, IL-1, methyl guanidine (MG), and nitrites/nitrates. LPS caused significant increases in blood BUN, Cre, LDH, CPK, GOT, GPT, TNF-, IL-1, MG levels, and HR, as well as a decrease in mean arterial pressure and an elevation of nitrites/nitrates. N-Acetylcysteine suppressed the release of TNF-, IL-1, and MG, but enhanced NO production. These actions ameliorate LPS-induced organ damage in conscious rats. The beneficial effects may suggest a potential chemopreventive effect of this compound in sepsis prevention and treatment.