大鼠胰腺胚胎发育功能相关基因表达谱的分析

目的:研究大鼠胰腺胚胎发育不同阶段的基因表达谱,对比其功能相关基因随大鼠胰腺发育的变化.方法:采用显微分离及提取技术获得胚胎发育不同阶段胰腺组织并提取RNA,采用高密度寡核普酸芯片(Affemetrix芯片)对胚胎发育至第12.5天、15.5天、18.5天胚胎胰腺及成年胰腺进行基因转录水平分析,用生物信息学方法分析具体基因的表达情况.结果:胰腺的生物学功能尤其beta细胞功能相关基因insulin RNA,amylopsin RNA,GLUT-2 RNA等在胚胎15.5及18.5天显著高表达.结论:E15.5到E18.5直至出生是胰腺功能完善和成熟的阶段,这个时期以细胞功能成熟为主.     

酵母酶系合成三磷酸鸟苷的研究

研究了利用啤酒酵母细胞酶系催化鸟苷酸(GMP)合成三磷酸鸟苷(GTP)的工艺过程。采用分式析因及响应面实验设计对其工艺条件进行优化,分析了温度、pH、酵母、无机盐和表面活性剂等因素对GTP积累的影响,得到了一个可以较好预测实际反应的二次方模型以及优化条件即：GMP 7．16g/L,葡萄糖55g/L,酵母270g/L,硫酸氨1．5g/L,硫酸镁2g/L,磷酸二氢钾27．2g/L,表面活性剂8川L,氯化十六烷基吡啶1．5g/L,pH6．74,温度37．4℃。经过优化,反应得率从71．3％增至92．7％,较国内外报道的水平(80％)提高了12．7％.     

重组铜绿假单胞菌外毒素结构域Ia片段的佐剂功效研究

采用分子克隆技术,将铜绿假单胞菌PA103株编码的外毒素结构域Ia(Domain Ia)的基因重组于原核表达载体pET-42b( )上,构建了pET-EPA103蛋白表达载体。转化感受态大肠杆菌DE3。经IPTG诱导表达,初步纯化表达蛋白,用以免疫BALB／c纯系小鼠。制备小鼠脾淋巴细胞悬液,经刀豆素A(ConA)刺激后,用MTT比色法检测特异性淋巴细胞增殖反应。通过rEPA皮下注射BALB／c小鼠耳廓,诱导小鼠迟发型过敏反应(DTH)。采用特异性淋巴细胞增殖反应和DTH试验来检测pET-EPA103表达蛋白所引起的小鼠细胞免疫应答水平,淋巴细胞增殖情况与DTH均可间接反映细胞免疫应答水平,进而评价重组铜绿假单胞菌外毒素(rEPA)Domain Ia蛋白片段的佐剂功效。     

宿主菌富集空肠弯曲菌噬菌体培养条件的优化

【背景】开发噬菌体产品是一种防控空肠弯曲菌有潜力的策略,但是面临噬菌体分离的挑战。【目的】运用响应面法对宿主菌富集空肠弯曲菌噬菌体的培养条件进行优化。【方法】通过单因素试验分析培养基、培养温度、培养转速、离子添加剂对噬菌体富集效果的影响,以噬菌体回收率为评价指标,采用响应面法优化了空肠弯曲菌噬菌体的富集培养条件。【结果】在37℃条件下进行静置培养时,噬菌体富集培养效果最佳,回收率为354.12%。分离噬菌体的过程包括采样并制备滤液、宿主菌与样品滤液共培养及噬菌体分离与鉴定等环节。应用此方法从鸡粪便中分离空肠弯曲菌噬菌体,与传统的单斑法相比,噬菌体分离率提高了269.23%。【结论】研究优化的宿主菌富集噬菌体培养方法可提高空肠弯曲菌噬菌体的分离效率,为噬菌体的研究提供思路。     

植物防御系统中抗病相关基因的研究进展

本文论述了植物防御系统中抗病相关基因（resistance gene,R基因）的研究进展。列表总结了迄今已克隆的R基因,并将其归为四种不同的类型。综述了不同基因表达产物-R蛋白在细胞中的定位及其相应的功能。此外,还对R基因编码区的多态性、R基因在染色体上排列方式以及R基因的进化与起源等问题进行了讨论。 Abstract:This review comments on recent advances in research of disease resistance genes(R Genes) in defence system of plants.The R genes cloned up to date are summarized and classified roughly into four classes listed in the Table 1.The location and the founction of the R proteins,i.e.,the expressed products of different R genes in the cells are reviewed.In addition,the polymophism of coding region of R genes,the different fashions of R gene arrangement on the chromosomes,and the evolution and origin of R genes are discussed.     

低温脂肪酶的产酶条件优化及其酶学性质

利用单因素筛选和正交试验对Burkholderia sp. SYBC LIP-Y发酵产酶的液体培养基和发酵条件进行了优化,其优化配方为：可溶性淀粉10 g/L、牛肉膏15 g/L、NaNO3 0.252 g/L、橄榄油40ml/L、Triton x-100 10ml/L、初始pH 7.5、接种量10%(V/V),脂肪酶酶活达到85.23U/ml,是优化前的3.63倍。通过对双水相纯化得到的脂肪酶进行酶学性质研究,确定该酶反应的最适pH为10.0,最适温度为30℃,40℃下保温60min酶活性还有80%以上,该脂肪酶为低温脂肪酶,热稳定性好,具有一定的耐醇性,应用前景广阔。     

Nest Site Selection by Western Gray Squirrels at Their Northern Range Terminus

ABSTRACT The western gray squirrel (Sciurus griseus) in Washington, USA, is limited to 3 disjunct areas and is a state threatened species. Information is lacking for the North Cascades population, which is the northernmost population for the species. Squirrels in this population exist without oaks (Quercus spp.) that provide forage and cavities for maternal nests elsewhere in their range. During May 2003 to August 2005, we studied selection of nest sites and nest trees by 18 radiocollared squirrels in Okanogan County, Washington. Without oak cavities, females reared their young in dreys. General nest-tree characteristics were similar to characteristics of western gray squirrel nest trees in Southeastern Cascades: relatively tall ponderosa pines (Pinus ponderosa) ≥ 40 cm diameter at breast height. Results from conditional logistic models determined that the odds of a squirrel selecting a tree for nesting increased with greater diameter at breast height and with infection by dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium spp.). Nest sites with high selection probability by squirrels had greater basal area and number of tree species than available unselected sites. Retention of forest patches that include a mix of conifer species or conifer and deciduous trees and moderate to high basal area could promote nesting opportunities, connectivity for arboreal travel, as well as abundance and diversity of hypogeous fungi. Experiments to test the efficacy of retaining untreated patches of varying size (including trees infected with mistletoe) on nesting by western gray squirrels within stands managed for fire suppression and forest health would provide important information about the effects of forest fuel management on arboreal wildlife.     

医用淀粉微球降解行为研究及应用

介绍了医用淀粉微球的性质,综述了医用淀粉微的球降解行为研究,介绍了医用淀粉微球降解过程研究、相应数学模型的研究及其在医药领域的应用。     

杨四刺瘿螨的生物学及发生为害特征

杨四刺瘿螨Tetraspinus populi Kuang et Hong是杨树上发生的一种新害虫。调查显示,在不同的杨树品种上该螨的发生及危害程度不同。暖冬和少雨有利于该螨的发生。在2025品种上发生最重,2001品种上次之。1、2年树龄的杨树发生较重,3、4年树龄的发生较轻。     

Comparative transcriptome analysis of developmental stages of the Limonium bicolor leaf generates insights into salt gland differentiation

With the expansion of saline land worldwide, it is essential to establish a model halophyte to study the salt‐tolerance mechanism. The salt glands in the epidermis of Limonium bicolor (a recretohalophyte) play a pivotal role in salt tolerance by secreting excess salts from tissues. Despite the importance of salt secretion, nothing is known about the molecular mechanisms of salt gland development. In this study, we applied RNA sequencing to profile early leaf development using five distinct developmental stages, which were quantified by successive collections of the first true leaves of L. bicolor with precise spatial and temporal resolution. Specific gene expression patterns were identified for each developmental stage. In particular, we found that genes controlling salt gland differentiation in L. bicolor may evolve in a trichome formation, which was also confirmed by mutants with increased salt gland densities. Genes involved in the special ultrastructure of salt glands were also elucidated. Twenty‐six genes were proposed to participate in salt gland differentiation. Our dataset sheds light on the molecular processes underpinning salt gland development and thus represents a first step towards the bioengineering of active salt‐secretion capacity in crops.