樟树组培苗轻基质育苗技术研究

为提高乡土阔叶树种樟树Cinnamomum camphora的育苗效率,以其新选育的优良无性系组培苗为材料,配置6种以泥炭为主要成分的轻基质组合,开展基质配比、容器规格、空气切根和施缓释肥试验。结果表明,基质配比对苗高、地径、高径比、SPAD值与存活率均有显著影响;泥炭中添加蛭石、木糠或珍珠岩均能显著改善育苗效果,同时添加木糠和珍珠岩时效果最佳;而泥炭中添加椰糠的效果与对照100%黄心土近似,明显劣于其他基质。大穴盘组培苗的苗高、地径、SPAD值和存活率均显著高于小穴盘,但高径比不受容器规格影响;空气切根能明显促进地径生长,抑制主根生长,加快侧根和须根生长,使根系更发达;缓释肥处理能显著提升苗木高生长、高径比和SPAD值,但对存活率影响不大。     

古尼虫草与亚香棒虫草亲缘关系初探

目的：用分子生物学方法,对古尼虫草和亚香棒虫草进行研究,对其寄主昆虫COI（cytochrome oxidase subunit I,细胞色素氧化酶亚基I）和真菌ITS（Internal Transcribed Sequence,内转录间隔区）区的基因序列进行比较,以确定两者亲缘关系。方法：在古尼虫草和亚香棒虫草性状研究的基础上,对两者来源真菌ITS区和寄主昆虫COI基因进行了PCR扩增和序列测定,对序列进行比对分析,并与GenBank核酸序列数据库中的序列进行BLAST检索比对。结果：发现古尼虫草和亚香棒虫草的来源真菌ITS区和寄主昆虫COI基因序列均有较高相似度。结论：古尼虫草和亚香棒虫草有较近的亲缘关系。     

壳聚糖-纳米羟基磷灰石复合制剂对粪肠球菌抗菌作用的体外研究

目的观察壳聚糖一纳米羟基磷灰石（CS／nHA）复合制剂对粪肠球菌生物膜的体外抗菌作用,为研究该药物对根管内粪肠球菌生物膜抗菌的作用打下基础,探索激光共聚焦显微镜（CLSM）技术在研究生物膜领域中的优势。方法采用液体二倍稀释法,测定壳聚糖／纳米羟基磷灰石复合制剂对游离状态下粪肠球菌的最小抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度;将粪肠球菌在体外培养成生物膜后,利用CLSM观察研究该生物膜中细菌活性。结果CS／nHA制剂在0．467mg／mL时对游离状态下的粪肠球菌具有抑菌和杀菌作用,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义。使用CS／nHA制剂前后粪肠球菌生物膜活菌百分比显著下降,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论CS／nHA制剂对粪肠球菌有较强的抗菌作用,将其作为根管封闭剂中的抗菌成分具有一定的应用前景。     

DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES OF XIPHIDIOPSIS REDTENBACHER (ORTHOPTERA: MECONEMATIDAE) FROM GUIZHOU PROVINCE, CHINA

Abstract In this paper, two new species of the genus Xiphidiopsis Redtenbacher (Orthoptera: Meconematidae) were described from Guizhou, China, namely X. tonicosa sp. nov. and X. forcipa sp. nov.     

Impact of Influenza on Outpatient Visits,Hospitalizations, and Deaths by Using a Time Series Poisson Generalized Additive Model

Background

The disease burden associated with influenza in developing tropical and subtropical countries is poorly understood owing to the lack of a comprehensive disease surveillance system and information-exchange mechanisms. The impact of influenza on outpatient visits, hospital admissions, and deaths has not been fully demonstrated to date in south China.

Methods

A time series Poisson generalized additive model was used to quantitatively assess influenza-like illness (ILI) and influenza disease burden by using influenza surveillance data in Zhuhai City from 2007 to 2009, combined with the outpatient, inpatient, and respiratory disease mortality data of the same period.

Results

The influenza activity in Zhuhai City demonstrated a typical subtropical seasonal pattern; however, each influenza virus subtype showed a specific transmission variation. The weekly ILI case number and virus isolation rate had a very close positive correlation (r = 0.774, P < 0.0001). The impact of ILI and influenza on weekly outpatient visits was statistically significant (P < 0.05). We determined that 10.7% of outpatient visits were associated with ILI and 1.88% were associated with influenza. ILI also had a significant influence on the hospitalization rates (P < 0.05), but mainly in populations <25 years of age. No statistically significant effect of influenza on hospital admissions was found (P > 0.05). The impact of ILI on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was most significant (P < 0.05), with 33.1% of COPD-related deaths being attributable to ILI. The impact of influenza on the mortality rate requires further evaluation.

Conclusions

ILI is a feasible indicator of influenza activity. Both ILI and influenza have a large impact on outpatient visits. Although ILI affects the number of hospital admissions and deaths, we found no consistent influence of influenza, which requires further assessment.     

微囊藻毒素对油菜幼苗生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响

以'秦优9号'油菜为材料,研究不同浓度藻毒素(MC)对油菜种子萌发和幼苗生长、叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响,以及并对MC-LR和-RR在幼苗体内的积累进行分析.结果表明:仅5 000 ng/mL MC处理的油菜种子发芽率和发芽势显著低于对照和其余浓度处理,而其他处理及对照间无显著差异;在高浓度(1 000～5 000 ng/mL)MC处理下,幼苗出现植株矮化、叶片呈黄褐色、叶面积减小,以及主根变短、变粗且根系呈现黄褐色等毒害症状;叶绿素含量随着藻毒素浓度的递增表现为先上升后下降趋势;MC对SOD活性具有抑制作用,但对POD的活性具有促进作用,CAT活性随MC浓度的增加表现为先上升后下降的趋势;单位鲜重幼苗体内MC-LR和-RR含量随MC处理浓度的升高而增加,但MC-LR和-RR的积累率随MC浓度的增加而减小.研究发现,高浓度微囊藻毒素能显著抑制油菜幼苗生长,同时显著改变其体内保护酶活性,且MC可被油菜植株吸收并在其体内积累.     

血管形成在双歧杆菌预防大肠癌生长中的作用

目的 从血管形成角度探索青春型双歧杆菌预防大肠癌生长的途径。方法 建立大肠癌裸鼠移植瘤模型,以免疫组化法检测大肠癌组织血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的蛋白表达水平及其微血管密度（MVD）。结果 双歧杆菌预防组大肠癌VEGF的阳性细胞密度及MVD的数量均明显低于肿瘤对照组（P〈0．01）。结论 青春型双歧杆菌能下调大肠癌VEGF的表达,进而抑制其血管形成,这可能是它预防大肠癌生长的途径之一。     

野生植物三角叶凤毛菊营养成分的研究

对野生植物三角叶凤毛菊的营养成分进行了分析。结果表明,三角叶凤毛菊中至少含有17种氨基酸、丰富的矿质元素、维生素、β—胡萝卜素及多种营养成分。该研究为开发利用植物资源提供了科学依据。     

抗咪唑啉酮油菜种质的发现与鉴定

在喷施豆施乐除草剂的大豆试验田,发现抗咪唑啉酮类除草剂的自生油菜突变株,经连续3年自交纯合和抗性鉴定,该突变体抗咪唑啉酮类除草剂的浓度是除草剂有效杀草浓度的2倍以上,抗性性状稳定、抗性效应明显。该材料的发现对于开发具有自主知识产权的抗除草剂新基因,选育不受环境释放限制的油菜新品种,均具有重大的理论和现实意义。     

CD真核表达载C 体的构建及在 2KHE39 细胞中的表达

目的：构建含自杀基因胞嘧啶脱氨酶（CD）的真核表达载体pcDNA3．1／HA—myc-His（-）Z—CD,并进行哺乳动物细胞HEK293转染研究。方法：以本实验室保存的含CD基因全长的质粒为模版,用PcR方法扩增CD基因阅读框序列,并定向克隆到带有HAtag的pcDNA3．1／HA—myc-His（-）Z载体上,使目的基因与HAtag在同一阅读框。重组体质粒经EcoRI和BamHI双酶切鉴定,并对插入的CD基因片段进行测序,将鉴定好的阳性重组质粒pcDNA3．1／HA—myc-His（-）Z—CD用脂质体介导转染HEK293,提取细胞蛋白,western blot检测CD基因的表达情况.结果：阳性重组质粒pcDNA3．1／HA—myc-His（-）ZCD经Eco砌和BanHI双酶切后,获得约为5．5kb片段和1．3kb插入片段,序列分析表明插入的片段与GenBank发布的序列一致．western blot检测到CD基因的表达。结论：成功构建了含自杀基因CD的真核表达质粒。