门诊高血压患者健康教育加个体化治疗的效果观察

摘要目的：探讨门诊高血压患者健康教育加个体化治疗的效果。方法：选取在本院门诊收治原发性高血压的患者258例,随机均分为观察组和对照组,每组129例。观察组使用健康教育和个体化治疗,而对照组使用常规治疗。记录并比较两组治疗前后对高血压病掌握情况,血压下降率,服药依从性,治疗后达标、并发症情况。结果：治疗前,观察组对高血压病掌握情况与对照组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;治疗后,观察组对高血压诊断（91．5％）、高血压病因（98．4％）、高血压症状（100．0％）、高血压并发症（92．2％）掌握情况明显比对照组要好,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;观察组服药依从性明显好于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;观察组的血压下降率为81．4％,明显高于对照组49．6％,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;观察组的达标率高达74．4％,明显高于对照组的34．9％,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;观察组未达标率和并发症发生率分别为25．6％和9-3％,明显低于对照组的65．1％和20．9％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：对不同高血压患者采用健康教育加个体化的治疗方法,对提高高血压的控制率和降低相应并发症的发生率有非常好的临床效果,值得临床进一步推广和应用。     

Meta-analysis supports association of a functional SNP (rs1801133) in the MTHFR gene with Parkinson's disease

The MTHFR is a candidate risk gene for Parkinson's disease (PD), and a functional SNP (rs1801133) in the coding region of this gene has been investigated for the associations with the illness extensively among worldwide populations, but overall the results were inconsistent. Here, to assess the relationship between rs1801133 and risk of PD in general populations, we conducted a systematic meta-analysis by combining all available case–control samples in European and Asian populations, with a total of 1820 PD cases and 7530 healthy controls, and the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for rs1801133 and PD were calculated using the Mantel–Haenszel method with a fixed-effect model. Overall, rs1801133 was significantly associated with the risk of PD (allelic model, pooled OR = 1.212 for T allele, 95% CI = 1.097–1.340, p-value = 0.0002). When stratifying for ethnicity, significant association was also observed in European (allelic model, pooled OR = 1.187 for T allele, 95% CI = 1.058–1.332, p-value = 0.004) and Asian samples (allelic model, pooled OR = 1.293 for T allele, 95% CI = 1.058–1.580, p-value = 0.012) respectively. In addition, rs1801133 was also significantly associated with MTHFR mRNA expression in both CEU (European, p-value = 0.0149) and CHB (Chinese, p-value = 0.0178) HapMap populations. Collectively, our meta-analysis suggests that rs1801133 is significantly associated with susceptibility to PD in European and Asian populations, and MTHFR is likely an authentic risk gene for PD.     

Metabarcoding技术在植物鉴定和多样性研究中的应用

目前植物学研究已进入后植物志时代,iFlora的实现需要以传统植物分类学及相关研究为基础,整合基于高通量测序的DNA条形码（DNAbareoding）技术并开发便携式快速鉴定仪器及构建信息平台。传统植物鉴定多基于形态学分类,而近年来快速发展的DNA条形码快速鉴定技术被各界分类学家认可,在植物鉴定中也被广泛应用。但DNA条形码技术仍存在一些问题亟待解决,如种的鉴定需要多个条形码的解析、Sanger测序平台无法处理混合样品。本文介绍了传统植物分类技术和DNA条形码技术在植物研究中的应用和遇到的瓶颈;并重点介绍了基于高通量测序的metabarcoding技术在植物鉴定及多样性研究中的应用及前景,及其与iFlora的关系。     

ER stress and ASK1-JNK activation contribute to oridonin-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition in cultured human hepatoblastoma HuH-6 cells

Workers who are exposed to extreme heat or work in hot environments may be at risk of heat stress. Exposure to extreme heat can result in occupational illnesses and injuries. On the other hand, local and regional heat therapy has been used for the treatment of some cancers, such as liver cancer, lung cancer, and kidney cancer. Although heat stress has been shown to induce the accumulation of p53 protein, a key regulator of cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA repair, and autophagy, how it regulates p53 protein accumulation and what the p53 targets are remain unclear. Here, we show that, among various genotoxic stresses, including ionizing radiation (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, heat stress contributes significantly to increase p53 protein levels in normal liver cells and liver cancer cells. Heat stress did not increase p53 mRNA expression as well as p53 promoter activity. However, heat stress enhanced the half-life of p53 protein. Moreover, heat stress increased the expression of puma and light chain 3 (LC-3), which are associated with the apoptotic and autophagic function of p53, respectively, whereas it did not change the expression of the cell cycle regulators p21, 14-3-3δ, and GADD45α, suggesting that heat-triggered alteration of p53 selectively modulates the downstream targets of p53. Our study provides a novel mechanism by which heat shock stimulates p53 protein accumulation, which is different from common DNA damages, such as IR and UV, and also provides new molecular basis for heat injuries or heat therapy.     

Cloning,characterization and expression of \emph{OsFMO}_{{\mathbf{(}\emph{t}\mathbf{)}}} in rice encoding a flavin monooxygenase

Flavin monooxygenases (FMO) play a key role in tryptophan (Trp)-dependent indole-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis in plants and regulate plant growth and development. In this study, the full-length genomic DNA and cDNA of OsFMO _(t), a FMO gene that was originally identified from a rolled-leaf mutant in rice, was isolated and cloned from wild type of the rolled-leaf mutant. OsFMO _(t) was found to have four exons and three introns, and encode a protein with 422 amino acid residues that contains two basic conserved motifs, with a ‘G×G××G’ characteristic structure. OsFMO_(t) showed high amino acid sequence identity with FMO proteins from other plants, in particular with YUCCA from Arabidopsis, FLOOZY from Petunia, and OsYUCCA1 from rice. Our phylogenetic analysis showed that OsFMO_(t) and the homologous FMO proteins belong to the same clade in the evolutionary tree. Overexpression of OsFMO _(t) in transformed rice calli produced IAA-excessive phenotypes that showed browning and lethal effects when exogenous auxins such as naphthylacetic acid (NAA) were added to the medium. These results suggested that the OsFMO_(t) protein is involved in IAA biosynthesis in rice and its overexpression could lead to the malformation of calli. Spatio-temporal expression analysis using RT-PCR and histochemical analysis for GUS activity revealed that expression of OsFMO _(t) was totally absent in the rolled-leaf mutant. However, in the wild type variety, this gene was expressed at different levels temporally and spatially, with the highest expression observed in tissues with fast growth and cell division such as shoot apexes, tender leaves and root tips. Our results demonstrated that IAA biosynthesis regulated by OsFMO _(t) is likely localized and might play an essential role in shaping local IAA concentrations which, in turn, is critical for regulating normal growth and development in rice.     

NO体外供体硝普钠诱导蚕豆气孔保卫细胞死亡机理研究

为分析NO在植物细胞死亡过程中的作用,以蚕豆表皮条和NO体外供体硝普钠(SNP)及NO信号途径抑制剂为材料,采用表皮条生物法,探讨SNP对蚕豆叶面保卫细胞的毒性机理.结果表明:(1)0.5～9 mmol· L-1的SNP可使蚕豆气孔保卫细胞活性降低,部分细胞死亡,且随着SNP浓度的增高细胞死亡率增高.(2)凋亡抑制剂Z-Asp-CH2-DCB或TLCK可显著降低SNP诱发的保卫细胞死亡率.(3)抗坏血酸(AsA)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、Ca2+螯合剂EGTA或Ca2+通道抑制剂LaCl3与SNP共同作用时,细胞死亡率显著降低.(4)NO清除剂c-PTIO、MAPK激酶抑制剂PD98059和鸟苷酸环化酶抑制荆ODQ亦能有效阻止SNP诱发的细胞死亡.研究发现,较高浓度的SNP可诱导蚕豆保卫细胞程序性死亡,SNP诱发植物细胞死亡与胁迫组保卫细胞内NO、ROS和Ca2+水平升高有关,cGMP和MAPK参与了SNP诱发的细胞死亡.     

甜瓜抗蔓枯病基因Gsb-3的ISSR分子标记

以甜瓜抗病资源PI511890和感病自交系‘白皮脆’及其F1、BC1P1、BC1P2、F2群体为材料,苗期接种蔓枯病菌(Did ymella bryoniae)进行遗传分析.结果表明:(1)对甜瓜苗期蔓枯病菌接种鉴定结果显示,抗源PI511890的抗病基因Gsb-3由显性单基因控制.(2)利用集团分离分析及ISSR分析技术,引物ISSR-100扩增出的多态性条带与Gsb-3表现连锁关系,该多态性片段大小为900 bp.(3)统计ISSR-100在182个F2单株上的多态性,并用JoinMap 4.0软件分析结果显示,ISSR-100与Gsb-3遗传连锁距离为8.3 cM,定名为ISSR-100900.研究认为,ISSR100900可作为甜瓜抗蔓枯病分子育种的备选分子标记.     

微波法从黄连中提取黄连素的工艺研究

为了研究微波法从黄连中提取黄连素的效果,分别考察不同微波功率、原料浸泡时间、料液比(g/mL,下同)、提取次数、微波辐射时间对黄连素提取率的影响。结果微波法从黄连中提取黄连素的最佳工艺条件为:提取功率500W,原料浸泡时间24 h,料液比1∶120,提取次数2次,微波辐射时间3 min,提取率达5.61%,提取效果较好。与硫酸法、石灰法、乙醇浸取法相比,不仅提高了提取速度,并且更加环保。