水牛卵巢黄体形成和退化的蛋白质表达谱构建及生物信息学分析

本研究构建了水牛卵巢黄体形成及退化过程的定量蛋白质表达谱,从中寻找与水牛发情周期相关的重要蛋白质。为研究水牛卵巢周期性变化的分子机制提供蛋白质水平的数据支撑,进而为提高水牛繁殖效率奠定实验基础。以水牛排卵后的红体期(corpus hemorrhagicum,CH)、黄体期(corpus luteum,CL)和白体期(corpus fibrosum,CF)的卵巢作为研究对象,利用串联质谱标签(tandem mass tag,TMT)标记结合液质联用((liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)的定量蛋白质组学技术,采用相关软件对得到的差异表达蛋白质进行生物信息学分析。同时对与水牛发情周期相关的重要差异蛋白质:单核巨噬细胞分化抗原(CD14)、通用转录因子Ⅱ-Ⅰ(GTF2I)、羟基类固醇(17β)脱氢酶1(HSD17B1)、U6 sn RNA相关Sm样蛋白质(LSM1)和纤溶酶原激活物抑制物(SERPINE1)进行了qRT-PCR分析验证。结果显示,共鉴定得到2 343种蛋白质,其中差异表达蛋白质有284种(差异倍数≥2.0),初步构建了水牛卵巢黄体形成和退化的定量蛋白质表达谱。对其中的五种重要差异蛋白质(CD14、GTF2I、HSD17B1、LSM1和SERPINE1)进行qRT-PCR验证,结果有四种(CD14、HSD17B1、LSM1和SERPINE1)的qPCR结果与质谱结果相一致,仅GTF2I与质谱结果不一致,可能是由于GTF2I存在转录后调控。本研究首次从蛋白质水平对水牛卵巢排卵后的周期性变化的分子机制进行了探究,同时为其他家畜品种发情周期的研究提供了新的研究思路。     

The Expression Alteration of BC1 RNA and its Interaction with Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor eIF4A Post-Status Epilepticus

Abnormal dendritic sprouting and synaptic remodelling are important pathological features of temporal lobe epilepsy. BC1 RNA is a translation repressor involved in the regulation of the dendritic protein synthesis and mRNA transport, which is essential for dendritic development and plasticity. The expression alteration of BC1 RNA in the pilocarpine induced epilepsy model remains unknown. It is unclear if the interactions between BC1 RNA and eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) exists in this model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression changes of BC1 RNA and its interactions with eIF4A post-status epilepticus (SE). Chloride lithium and pilocarpine were used to induce the SE rat model. Either a whole brain or hippocampus tissues were collected at different time points after SE. The expression patterns of BC1 was detected by qPCR and in situ hybridization. The levels of eIF4AI/II protein expression were analyzed via western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The BC1 RNA-eIF4AI/II interaction was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). We found that the BC1 RNA levels decreased in hippocampus 3d, 1w and 2w post-SE before the levels recovered. The eIF4AI/II began to rise 3d post-SE and reached the maximum level 1w post-SE. After 1w post-SE the levels decreased in the hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG subregions. EMSA analysis showed that BC1 RNA specifically interacted with the eIF4AI/II. The BC1 RNA-eIF4AI/II complex reduced to the lowest level 1w post-SE. Our results suggested that BC1 has a negative regulatory correlation with eIF4AI/II, where BC1 RNA could be involved in epileptogenesis by regulating dendritic protein synthesis.     

人白细胞介素－3在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

人白细胞介素－３（ｈｕｍａｎＩｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ３,ｈＩＬ－３）是一种造血前体细胞早期分化的关键调节因子。用ＰＣＲ方法从人Ｔ淋巴细胞ｃＤＮＡ文库中扩增出０．４４ｋｂ的ＤＮＡ片段,并克隆入ｐＵＣ１９载体中。经ＤＮＡ序列测定,确定０．４４ｋｂ的ＰＣＲ产物合完整的编码人白细胞介素－３成熟蛋白ｃＤＮＡ序列,并在信号肽与成熟蛋白编码序列之间通过突变引入了限制性内切酶位点和ＡＴＧ起始密码。构建的ＰＬ启动子控制下的ｈＩＬ－３ｃＤＮＡ表达质粒,转入大肠杆菌Ｔａｐ１０６,经４２℃热诱导,获得ｈＩＬ－３的表达产物。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳显示表达产物为１５ｋｄ,约占细菌总蛋白的１５％。表达产物经ＥＬＩＳＡ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ验证。ｈＩＬ－３表达产物在细胞内形成包涵体,纯化包涵体,使产物纯度提高到７０．８％,产物复性后,能明显促进ｈＩＬ－３依赖细胞株生长,具有明显的生物活性。产物转移到ＰＶＤＦ膜后进行Ｎ端序列分析,Ｎ端１６个氨基酸正确。     

油菜菌核病危害损失的初步研究

本文就油菜菌核病病情、发病期及发病部位与油菜产量损失的相互关系进行了模似研究。结果表明：病斑绕茎度是影响产量的主要因素,其大小与产量损失成正相关,而病斑纵向长度与产量损失无明显相关性;发病期不同产量差异显著,以初花期发病产量损失最重,发病期与产量损失线性相关,可利用线性回归方程对产量损失进行预测;主茎发病部位愈近基部,枝条发病部位愈趋于主茎,单株产量损失率愈高。     

燕山地区白头翁生境伴生植物资源调查与分析

调查与白头翁共存的伴生植物种类、相似性、生活型、分布区类型等,探讨其生态适应性和地理分布规律,针对性地提出白头翁资源保护利用建议,以期为燕山地区白头翁种质资源的保护和利用提供参考。采用访问调查、路线调查和典型样地调查法,对燕山地区白头翁生境伴生植物进行调查与分析。燕山地区从冀东的秦皇岛地区到冀北的承德地区都有白头翁的分布,多生于向阳的山地草坡上,喜光、耐旱、适于阳生性环境。白头翁生境伴生植物共56科128属164种,主要优势科为菊科（Compositae）、豆科（Leguminosae）、禾本科（Gramineae）、蔷薇科（Rosaceae）、唇形科（Labiatae）、百合科（Liliaceae）、毛茛科（Ranunculaceae）、萝藦科（Asclepiadaceae）等,其中乔木共5科5属7种,灌木共22科38属46种,草本植物共35科85属111种。调查的各样地间相似系数普遍较低,说明燕山地区不同地区白头翁生境差别较大,其伴生植物具有多样性的特点。伴生植物属的分布区类型可分为14个,群落具有明显温带性质。燕山地区白头翁生境多样性及伴生植物的多样性,反映出燕山地区白头翁生态适...     

Fluorescence spectroscopy and docking study in two flavonoids,isolated tectoridin and its aglycone tectorigenin,interacting with human serum albumin: a comparison study

Two flavonoids, tectoridin (TD) isolated from rhizomes of Iris tectorum and hydrolyzed aglycone tectorigenin (TG) were prepared and characterized to compare their different interaction ability with human serum albumin (HSA). Based on the results, the affinity of TG–HSA was stronger than that of TD–HAS, and TG combined more closely with HSA than did TD. HSA fluorescence was quenched by TD/TG. The interactions between TD/TG and HSA involved static quenching. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that both binding processes were spontaneous; hydrogen binding and van der Waals force were the main forces between TD and HSA, whereas a hydrophobic interaction was the main binding force between TG and HSA. Synchronous and 3D fluorescence spectra showed that the binding of TD/TG to HSA induced conformational changes. Moreover, a docking study confirmed the experimental results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Broadening the versatility of lentiviral vectors as a tool in nucleic acid research via genetic code expansion

With the aim of broadening the versatility of lentiviral vectors as a tool in nucleic acid research, we expanded the genetic code in the propagation of lentiviral vectors for site-specific incorporation of chemical moieties with unique properties. Through systematic exploration of the structure–function relationship of lentiviral VSVg envelope by site-specific mutagenesis and incorporation of residues displaying azide- and diazirine-moieties, the modifiable sites on the vector surface were identified, with most at the PH domain that neither affects the expression of envelope protein nor propagation or infectivity of the progeny virus. Furthermore, via the incorporation of such chemical moieties, a variety of fluorescence probes, ligands, PEG and other functional molecules are conjugated, orthogonally and stoichiometrically, to the lentiviral vector. Using this methodology, a facile platform is established that is useful for tracking virus movement, targeting gene delivery and detecting virus–host interactions. This study may provide a new direction for rational design of lentiviral vectors, with significant impact on both basic research and therapeutic applications.     

Na3V2(PO4)3 as the Sole Solid Energy Storage Material for Redox Flow Sodium‐Ion Battery

Redox flow batteries have considerable advantages of system scalability and operation flexibility over other battery technologies, which makes them promising for large‐scale energy storage application. However, they suffer from low energy density and consequently relatively high cost for a nominal energy output. Redox targeting–based flow batteries are employed by incorporating solid energy storage materials in the tank and present energy density far beyond the solubility limit of the electrolytes. The success of this concept relies on paring suitable redox mediators with solid materials for facilitated reaction kinetics and lean electrolyte composition. Here, a redox targeting‐based flow battery system using the NASICON‐type Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ as a capacity booster for both the catholyte and anolyte is reported. With 10‐methylphenothiazine as the cathodic redox mediator and 9‐fluorenone as anodic redox mediator, an all‐organic single molecule redox targeting–based flow battery is developed. The anodic and cathodic capacity are 3 and 17 times higher than the solubility limit of respective electrolyte, with which a full cell can achieve an energy density up to 88 Wh L^?1. The reaction mechanism is scrutinized by operando and in‐situ X‐ray and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. The reaction kinetics are analysed in terms of Butler–Volmer formalism.     

冬虫夏草菌液体培养补料对菌丝体和腺苷产量的影响

为提高冬虫夏草菌菌丝体及腺苷产量,探索了液体培养中进行营养物质补料的方法。通过在培养10d时进行碳、氮源联合补料,将浓度分别补充至47g/L和0.76g/L,则冬虫夏草菌丝体干重和腺苷产量分别达到27.94g/L和1.15mg/g（20d培养周期）,为对照组的2.43倍和19.2倍。这项研究对冬虫夏草菌的大规模工业应用有参考意义。