广东小煤炱科二个新种和四个新纪录

本文报道广东地区小煤炱科(Meliolaceae)的2个新种及4个国内新纪录。2个新种是:寄生藤生小煤炱(Meliola dendrotrophicola H.Hu et J.C. Yang, sp.nov.);南五味子生小光壳炱(Asteridiella kadsuricola H.Hu et J.C.Yang,sp.nov.),并附有种的检索表。     

心室压力瞬时加速度的测定及其意义

本工作对国产SJ-42型四道生理记录仪进行改进,增加了记录压力二阶微分曲线的功能。经比较研究家兔左心室压力一阶微分与二阶微分指标后发现,(d~2p/dt~2)max对心肌变力作用的敏感性比(dp/dt)max高出1/3左右,两项指标对心脏前后负荷和心率均具有一定的依赖性,但两者间无明显差异,提示用心室压力瞬时加速度指标评价心脏收缩性能比用压力瞬时速率指标更为灵敏可靠。     

酪氨酸对人离体滋养层细胞孕酮与hCG分泌的影响

本文观察三种剂量(2×10~(-5)mol/L,2×10~(-4)mol/L和2×10~(-3)mol/L)的酪氮酸对离体培养的滋养层细胞孕酮及hCG分泌的影响,并对其抑制效应的机理作了初步探讨。实验结果表明,三种剂量的酪氨酸均可抑制滋养层细胞孕酮分泌(P<0.01),但是,在孕酮分泌受酪氨酸抑制的同时,未见对hCG分泌发生影响(P>0.05),进一步观察了酪氨酸对滋养层细胞3β-羟甾脱氢酶活性的影响,结果表明,酪氨酸能显著抑制3β-羟甾脱氢酶活性,提示酪氨酸对滋养层细胞孕酮生成的抑制作用与抑制3β-羟甾脱氢酶活性有关。     

Consequences of herbivory in the mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp tortuosa): importance of the functional organization of the tree

Summary Three types of experiments indicate that the functional organization of the mountain birch may influence the ways in which the tree responds to simulated or natural herbivory. The first experiment showed that herbivory to both short and long shoot leaves affects plant development but, because growth largely proceeds by resources of the previous year, is manifested only in the year following the damage. The second experiment showed that even partial damage to a single long shoot leaf caused the axillary bud of that leaf to produce a shorter shoot the next year. Therefore, the value of a leaf depends also on the organ which it is subtending. In the third experiment we manipulated the apical dominance of shoots in ramets and caused improvement to leaf quality in extant shoots. Ramets within a tree responded individually, probably mediated by disturbance of the hormonal control because removal of apical buds elicited the response although removal of the same number of basal buds did not. Induced amelioration is a different response to induced resistance. The two responses are triggered by different cues and may occur in the same plant. By altering hormonal balance of shoots it is potentially possible for herbivores to induce amelioration of food quality. The ways in which herbivory is simulated may explain variability of results obtained when herbivory-induced responses in plants have been studied.     

四节金小蜂科在我国的首次发现并记述一新种(膜翅目:小蜂总科)

四节金小蜂科Tetracampidae是小蜂总科中的1个小科。1968年统计,全世界只有2亚科6属18种(Boucek and Askew,1968)。1971年,苏联的Sugonjaev根据在蒙古和苏联的哈萨克加盟共和国采到的标本描述了3新属1新亚科。Boucek于1988年又记述了澳大利亚的1个新属。这样,四节金小蜂科现在共包括3亚科10属31种(不含化石种)。我国迄今还未见有本科昆虫分布的报道。     

内蒙古草蛉研究Ⅱ.五新种及二新记录种(脉翅目:草蛉科)

内蒙古地处我国北部边疆,全境以高原为主,西部为戈壁沙漠,东部为宽阔草原,绝大多数地区属于温带大陆性气候;动物地理区划属于古北区中亚细亚区的内蒙河西干草原区。该区现已知草蛉3属16种(包括本文所记述的5新种和2新记录种),其分布特点是以狭义的草蛉属Chrysopa为主,而且以广布于华北地区的叶色草蛉Chrysopaphyllochroma Wesmeal为代表种,新种的模式标本分别保存在中国科学院动物研究所及北京农业大学昆虫标本室。     

Construction and packaging of pseudotype retrovirus containing human N—ras cDNA antisense sequence and its biological effects on human hepatoma cells

N-ras is one of the transforming genes in human hepatic cancer cells.It has been found that N-ras was overexpressed at the mRNA and protein level in hepatoma cells.In order to explore the biological roles of N-ras in human hepatic carcinogenesis and the potential application in control of cancer cell growth,a preudotype retrovirus containing antisense sequence of human N-ras was constructed and packaged.A recombinant retrovirus vector containing antisense or sense sequences of N-ras cDNA was constructed by pZIP-NeoSV(X)1.The pseudotype virus was packaged ang rescued by transfection and infection in PA317 and ψ 2 helper cells.It has been demonstrated that the pseudotype retrovirus containing antisense N-ras sequence did inhibit the growth of human PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cells accompanied with inhibition of p21 expression,while the retrovirus containing sense sequence had none.The pseudotype virus had no effect on human diploid fibroblasts.     

萝卜离体子叶衰老与膜脂过氧化的关系

萝卜离体子叶在光下或暗中衰老及激素调节衰老过程中,作为叶片衰老指标的叶绿素和蛋白质含量的降低,发生在MDA含量增高之前,更早于SOD活性的下降。表明由SOD活性降低所导致的膜脂过氧化的增强,并非衰老的原初反应,而是叶片衰老到一定程度的生理变化。因此,至少在萝卜离体子叶上,不能将其衰老的启动归因于受SOD控制的膜脂过氧化作用导致的膜累积性质变。     

紫云英根瘤菌109菌株吸氢的诱导表达——核苷、核苷酸与烟酸的促进效应

核苷酸和烟酸的添加,使紫云英根瘤菌109氢酶吸氢活性表达增加。cAMP(1 mmol/L),烟酸(70 mmol/L)的存在,缓解了葡萄糖酸钠或果糖引起的吸氢活性阻遏,cAMP的解阻遏效应在年轻的菌体(48 h)表现较为明显。但以MB为受体的破碎细胞吸氢活性则未见增加,烟酸的促进效应受到氯霉素(40μg/ml)的抑制。其他核苷或核苷酸,如腺嘌呤,尿嘧啶,ATP,ADP,AMP,UMP,UTP都能促进吸氢活性的表达。诱导氢酶前,细胞ATP库已处于低水平,并保持稳定,添加琥珀酸盐后,ATP库水平提高,吸氢活性表达受抑。