单叶蔓荆子黄酮类化学成分研究

采用MCI-Gel及硅胶等柱色谱法对云南西双版纳单叶蔓荆子的甲醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部分进行分离纯化,得到5个黄酮类似物,根据其理化性质,结合光谱技术(MS,NMR等)鉴定为紫花牡荆素(1)、3',5-二羟基-3,4',7-三甲氧基黄酮(2)、4',5-二羟基-3,6,7-三甲氧基黄酮(3)、牡荆葡基黄酮(4)和山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷(5),化合物2～5为首次从该植物中分离得到.进行了抗羟基自由基氧化和抑菌活性的初步筛选实验,首次报道了化合物2、3的清除羟基自由基活性.     

温度对红点唇瓢虫实验种群的影响

在７种温度下测定了红点唇瓢虫（Ｃｈｉｌｏｃｏｒｕｓ ｋｕｗａｎａｅ Ｓｉｌｖｅｓｔｒｉ）发育速率,并求得各虫态的发育起点温度和有效积温。其发育速率与温度的关系能很好地用王如松等（１９８２）提出的模型进行拟合。由此模型估计出最低、最高临界温度和最适发育温度,分别为１０．４２－１３．０１－℃、℃３３．５３－３７．０３℃和２４．９９－３０．１２℃。卵期忍耐温度变化的能力最强。４龄幼虫最弱。温度明显地影响     

Ganglioside GM3 modulates conformation of reconstituted Ca~(2 ) -ATPase

Using steady-state fluorescence and nanosecond time-resolved fluorescence techniques, the Ca 2 -ATPase conformational changes induced by ganglioside GM3 were studied with different quenchers. The results showed that GM3 could significantly increase the lifetime of intrinsic fluorescence of Ca2 -ATPase reconstituted into proteoliposomes, and could also weaken the intrinsic fluorescence quenching by KI or hypocrellin B, HB. Further-more, by using quenching kinetic analysis of the time-resolved fluorescence, in the presence of GM3, the quenching constant (Ksv) and quenching efficiency were significantly lowered. The obtained results suggest that the oligosaccha-ride chain and the ceramide moieties of the GM3 molecule could interact with its counterparts of the Ca2 -ATPase re-spectively, thus change the conformation of the hydrophobic domain of the enzyme, making the tryptophan residues in different regions shift towards the hydrophilic-hydrophobic interface, and hence shorten the distance between the hy     

Comparative investigation on spindle behavior and MPF activity changes during oocyte maturation between gynogenetic and amphimictic crucian carp

The spindle behavior and MPF activity changes in the progression of oocyte maturation were investigated and compared with cytological observation and kinase assay between gynogenetic silver crucian carp and amphimictic colored crucian carp.MPF activity was measured by using histone H1 as phosphorylation substrate.There were two similar oscillatory MPF kinase activity changes during oocyte maturation in two kinds of fishes with different reproductive modes,but there existed some subtle difference between them.The subtle difference was that the first peak of MPF kinase activity was kept to a longerlasting time in the gynogenetic silver crucian carp than in the amphimictic colored crucian carp.It was suggested that the difference may be related to the spindle behavior changes,such as tripolar spindle formation and spindle rearrangement in the gynogenetic crucian carp.     

A New Secoiridoidal Glucosides from Gentiana rigescens (Gentianaceae)

A new acylated secoiridoidal glucoside, named gentiorigenoside A (1 ), was isolated from the root of Gentiana rigescens (Gentianaceae) , together with eight known compounds, gentiopicroside ( 2) , 6′- O-β- D-glucopyranosyl gentiopicroside (3) , loganic acid (4 ) , 6′- O-β- D-glucopyranosyl loganic acid ( 5), sweroside ( 6 ), 2′-( o, m-dihydoxybenzyl) -sweroside (7), swertiamarin (8) and secologanoside (9) . heir structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis. Iridoidal glucosides 3, 5 and 9 were isolated for the first time from the title plant.     

健康宣教在小儿狭窄性腱鞘炎围手术期应用价值

目的：对手术疗法治疗狭窄性腱鞘炎的小儿患者采取系统的整体健康宣教,使得患儿疗程缩短,治愈率高,复发率降至最低,功能康复效果良好,提高护理质量。方法：在保守治疗无效的情况下,手术疗法切除部分狭窄腱鞘,围手术期实施系统的全面的功能康复训练及宣教。结果：54例患儿完全治愈,随访3~26个月,无复发及并发症,愈后功能良好。结论：细致、周密的做好围手术期对家长及患儿的双重健康宣教工作,使得护患关系融洽,患者自护能力大大加强,治疗及护理效果满意。     

人乳头瘤病毒在宫颈鳞癌宫旁组织中的表达及意义

为研究高危型人乳头瘤病毒(high-risk human papillomavirus,hr-HPV)在宫颈鳞癌宫旁组织中的表达及意义,采用免疫组织化学技术对51例宫颈鳞癌患者术后宫旁组织不同位点的hr-HPV表达情况进行检测,应用重复测量设计的方差分析及单因素分析方法进行统计。hr-HPV在宫旁组织中的表达随着距宫颈距离的增加呈明显的梯度下降趋势(P0.05),在不同临床分期、宫颈浸润深度、淋巴结转移组内表达存在差异(P0.05),当临床分期ⅠB1期、宫颈浸润深度≤1/2以及无淋巴结转移时,hr-HPV在距离宫颈2 cm处主韧带、骶韧带及距离宫颈3 cm处阴道中表达开始与正常对照组无差异(P0.05)。结果表明,部分早期宫颈鳞癌患者可选择Ⅱ型改良式根治性子宫切除术,但阴道切除仍推荐3 cm。     

红树林植物瓶花木中的细胞毒活性成分(Ⅱ)

从红树林树植物瓶花木(Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea Gaertn. f.)的乙醇提取物中分离得到5个化合物,通过波谱分析,鉴定其结构分别为:shanzhigenin methyl ester (1)、1-epishanzhigenin methyl ester (2)、山柰酚 (3)、芹菜素 (4)和 5,7,2'-trihydroxy-3,6,8,4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone (5)。以上化合物均为首次从瓶花木中分离得到。细胞毒活性测试结果表明,化合物1和2的混合物对人肝癌细胞(SMMC-7721)的增殖有较强的生长抑制活性。     

不同产地杜仲根际土真菌群落结构的差异性分析

基于宏条码技术对采自贵州遵义县、湖南慈利县和四川旺苍县3个杜仲产地根际土壤的真菌群落组成进行了分析。研究获得根际土壤真菌有效序列共10 775条,聚类后OTUs对应的真菌类群涉及子囊菌门Ascomycota、担子菌门Basidiomycota、接合菌门Zygomycota、球囊菌门Glomeromycota、壶菌门Chytridiomycota、类原生动物门Rozellomycota的22纲、59目、103科、108个属的550个真菌分类单元(OTUs)。在属的水平上,湖南慈利样本(ECS)有119个属,优势属为镰刀菌属Fusarium,相对丰度为16.31%,其次是被孢霉属Mortierella(14.67%)、毛壳菌科Chaetomiaceae一未定属(13.01%)和木霉属Trichoderma(11.37%)等。四川旺苍样本(EWS)共有116个属,优势属为丝齿菌属Hyphodontia,相对丰度32.32%,其次为镰刀菌Fusarium(13.41%)等。贵州遵义样本(EZS)有110个属,优势属为被孢霉属Mortierella,相对丰度30.74%,其次是木霉属Trichoderma(25.96%)和镰刀菌属Fusarium(4.85%)等。α多样性分析表明,不同产地杜仲根际土壤真菌群落组成有明显差异。遵义样本(EZS)、慈利样本(ECS)和旺苍样本(EWS)的Shannon多样性指数从高到低为:ECS(2.7661)> EZS(2.4841)>EWS(2.1326)。不同杜仲产区土壤理化因子及4个主要活性成分(松脂醇二葡萄糖苷、绿原酸、京尼平苷酸和京尼平苷)与根际土真菌群落组成的相关性分析表明,4个主要活性成分皆为四川旺苍(EWS)产地含量最高,其次是湖南慈利,贵州遵义最低甚至不含京尼平苷。杜仲根际土壤样品真菌物种组成丰富,不同地区杜仲根际土壤真菌群落组成、分类单元的相对丰度及优势分类单元皆存在不同程度差异。杜仲根际土真菌群落结构的多样性与土壤理化因子及杜仲主要有效成分含量具有一定相关性。杜仲根际土真菌群落组成的结构谱是杜仲道地性的重要特征。     

小型哺乳动物亲缘关系对其种群动态的作用

主要综述小型哺乳动物亲缘关系对其种群动态的作用及其研究进展。与非亲缘个体比较, 亲缘个体间的相互作用趋于亲密、巢区共享程度高, 亲缘关系水平对扩散有明显的作用。亲缘关系水平的差异可改变种群增长速率及种群统计学特征, 对提高雌体存活率、后代断乳成功率、后代存活率及性比具有显著的作用。亲缘关系的分子生态学研究主要集中于亲权鉴定和种群遗传结构的分析。