Root Pressure of Tropical Lianas and Their Relationships with Phylogeny and Environments

Lianas usually possess large vessels, which are vulnerable to cavitation. Root pressure may play an important role in embolism repair of vessels. However, little is known about the generality of root pressure in tropical lianas. To characterize root pressure of lianas in tropical rainforests, we used pressure transducers to measure root pressure in the rainy and dry seasons for a total of 32 lianas from 14 families common in Xishuangbanna. We further analyzed the associations of maximum root pressure with phylogeny and of transient root pressure with environmental factors. We found that all lianas we selected had root pressure, with maximum root pressure ranging from 2-138kPa. In the dry season, about 72% (23 species) of the lianas had relatively low root pressure (<15kPa) and maintained positive throughout the day. This may be important for water balance for roots and basal stems of lianas. There were three types of diurnal changes in liana root pressure. In Type I, root pressure had obvious diurnal variation in the dry and rainy seasons. In Type II, root pressure did not show obvious diurnal variation in the dry and rainy seasons. In Type III, either in the dry or in the rainy season, root pressure showed obvious diurnal variation. Root pressure varied substantially among lianas, with lianas from two families, Fabaceae and Vitaceae, usually having relatively higher root pressure, suggesting that phylogeny may influence root pressure. Transient root pressure closely responded to photosynthetically active radiation. In most cases, however, it was not related to rainfall and vapour pressure deficit. These results suggest that the associations of liana root pressure with environments need further investigation.     

Circular RNA circDVL1 inhibits clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression through the miR-412-3p/PCDH7 axis

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a primary kidney cancer with high aggressive phenotype and extremely poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play pivotal roles in the occurrence and development of various human cancers. However, the expression, clinical significance and regulatory role of circRNAs in ccRCC remain largely unclear. Here we report that circDVL1 to be reduced in the serums and tissues from ccRCC patients, and to negatively correlate with ccRCC malignant features. Overexpression of circDVL1 inhibits proliferation, induces G1/S arrest, triggers apoptosis, and reduces migration and invasion in different ccRCC cells in vitro. Correspondingly, circDVL1 overexpression suppresses ccRCC tumorigenicity in a mouse xenograft model. Mechanistically, circDVL1 serves as a sponge for oncogenic miR-412-3p, thereby preventing miR-412-3p-mediated repression of its target protocadherin 7 (PCDH7) in ccRCC cells. Collectively, our results demonstrate that circDVL1 exerts tumor-suppressive function during ccRCC progression through circDVL1/miR-412-3p/PCDH7 axis, and suggest that circDVL1 could be a novel diagnostic and prognositc marker and therapeutic target for ccRCC.     

小鼠肌母细胞的增殖与分化

通过对小鼠肌母细胞C2C12的培养,研究C2C12细胞的增殖与分化的关系以及胰岛素在细胞分化过程中的作用。在对照组中,C2C12细胞增殖占了明显的优势,细胞形态几乎没有发生变化;而在实验组中,C2C12细胞在换为分化培养基24小时后,就出现了部分细胞衰亡和死亡的现象,尤其是在48小时细胞的死亡率达到最高,存活细胞开始从增殖期进入分化期,72小时出现了少量肌管,在96小时细胞分化效果达到最好。而在添加了胰岛素的分化培养基中的细胞分化效果明显好于没有添加胰岛素的分化培养基中的细胞,结果表明,胰岛素促进C2C12细胞的分化。     

84K杨PagC3H3基因表达模式分析

木质素作为木材的主要组成成分,通常是由3种单体聚合而成,在其生物合成过程中,共有10个酶家族参与负责将苯丙胺酸转化为单体木质素,其中C3H是在对-香豆酰辅酶A（p-coumaroyl CoA）到咖啡酰辅酶A（caffeoyl CoA）的羟基化过程和G/S单体形成中的关键控制酶类,探究PagC3H3基因表达模式,对于进一步了解该基因功能具有重要意义。该研究通过定量PCR对PagC3H3基因的组织特异性表达进行分析;克隆得到了长度为2 035 bp的PagC3H3的启动子序列,预测含有多个顺式作用元件;同时,将获得的PagC3H3的启动子序列构建植物表达载体pBI121-PagC3H3pro：：GUS,进行拟南芥瞬时转化,结果显示PagC3H3基因在84K杨的根、中部茎节和基部茎节中的表达量较高;瞬时转化拟南芥,GUS染色表明：在下胚轴和根中GUS活性较强,由此推测PagC3H3基因在木质素合成过程中发挥作用。     

克雷伯氏菌甘油脱氢酶dhaD的克隆表达、纯化及酶学性质研究

以克雷伯氏菌基因组DNA为模板,扩增得到编码甘油脱氢酶（GDH）的基因dhaD,将其克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pET-28a(+)上,在E.coliBL21（DE3）中诱导表达,利用表达载体pET-28a(+)上的6·His-Tag标记选用Ni柱亲和层析法纯化表达具有活性的甘油脱氢酶(GDH),纯化后比酶活达到156U/mg,纯化倍数达4.6倍,回收率为67.4%。并初步研究了该酶的酶学性质,酶反应的最适pH为11.0,在pH7.0～12.0范围内稳定;酶反应的最适温度为30℃,稳定范围为25～45℃; 酶动力学参数以甘油为底物的Km为0.54 mmol/L, Vmax为0.49 μmol/(mL·min)。     

甲胎蛋白异质体分离方法的优化

目的:优化现有的甲胎蛋白异质体(AFP-L3)分离和检测方法,找到一个最有效的AFP-L3的提取方法,为今后的AFP-L3研究奠定前期基础。方法:应用北京热景生物技术公司的甲胎蛋白异质体(AFP-L3)亲和吸附离心管,通过改变亲和介质使用量和洗脱液体积的配伍梯度变化来优化实验流程,排除提取AFP-L3的影响因素,分离血清中的AFP-L3,并用罗氏公司的甲胎蛋白检测试剂盒检测分离的效果。结果:发现在不改变亲和介质体积的情况下,随着洗脱液体积的减少AFP-L3回收浓度逐渐增加,且在75 ul洗脱液时能够获得最高AFP-L3回收浓度。结论:成功地优化了北京热景生物技术公司的甲胎蛋白异质体(AFP-L3)亲和吸附离心管及其配套试剂的使用方法。     

不同退化程度高寒草甸高山嵩草的构件变化

对不同退化程度下高山嵩草的构件变化进行了初步研究.结果表明:随着退化程度的加剧,高山嵩草无性系复合主分蘖数、单分蘖数以及构件的叶片数均明显下降,退化程度加剧不利于高山嵩草的营养生长;除极度退化草地外,其余样地各构件的生物量大小依次是:根茎>根>叶>秆,并且随退化程度的加剧,各构件生物量显著下降;重度退化草地中,莎草科植物生殖枝数占植物群落总生殖枝的比例最大,每个有效生殖枝平均产生3.4粒种子.     

大豆属Soja亚属种皮微形态特征的研究

采用扫描电镜对大豆属Soja亚属植物的种皮微形态特征进行了系统研究。结果表明,该亚属植物种皮微形态特征在种的水平上具有一定的分类学意义。     

中国裸齿角石蛾属三新种(毛翅目,齿角石蛾科)

描述了裸齿角石蛾属3新种,即脊状裸齿角石蛾Psilotreta vertebrata sp.nov.(广东)、方背裸齿角石蛾Psilotreta cuboides sp.nov.(云南)和凹入裸齿角石蛾Psilotreta excavata sp.nov.(江西)。模式标本保存于南京农业大学昆虫标本馆。