CalR激活副溶血弧菌Ⅵ型分泌系统1相关基因的转录

[目的]研究副溶血弧菌群体感应(quorum sensing,QS)系统核心调控子AphA和OpaR对calR基因以及CalR对Ⅵ型分泌系统l(type VI secretion system 1,T6SS1;vp1386-1420)相关基因的转录调控关系.[方法]提取副溶血弧菌野生株(wild-type,WT)和调控...     

Protein kinase C delta null mice exhibit structural alterations in articular surface,intra-articular and subchondral compartments

IntroductionStructural alterations in intra-articular and subchondral compartments are hallmarks of osteoarthritis, a degenerative disease that causes pain and disability in the aging population. Protein kinase C delta (PKC-δ) plays versatile functions in cell growth and differentiation, but its role in the articular cartilage and subchondral bone is not known.MethodsHistological analysis including alcian blue, safranin O staining and fluorochrome labeling were used to reveal structural alterations at the articular cartilage surface and bone–cartilage interface in PKC-δ knockout (KO) mice. The morphology and organization of chondrocytes were studied using confocal microscopy. Glycosaminoglycan content was studied by micromass culture of chondrocytes of PKC-δ KO mice.ResultsWe uncovered atypical structural demarcation between articular cartilage and subchondral bone of PKC-δ KO mice. Histology analyses revealed a thickening of the articular cartilage and calcified bone–cartilage interface, and decreased safranin O staining accompanied by an increase in the number of hypertrophic chondrocytes in the articular cartilage of PKC-δ KO mice. Interestingly, loss of demarcation between articular cartilage and bone was concomitant with irregular chondrocyte morphology and arrangement. Consistently, in vivo calcein labeling assay showed an increased intensity of calcein labeling in the interface of the growth plate and metaphysis in PKC-δ KO mice. Furthermore, in vitro culture of chondrocyte micromass showed a decreased alcian blue staining of chondrocyte micromass in the PKC-δ KO mice, indicative of a reduced level of glycosaminoglycan production.ConclusionsOur data imply a role for PKC-δ in the osteochondral plasticity of the interface between articular cartilage and the osteochondral junction.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0720-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

1-辛烯-3-醇防治采后桃果实软腐病的作用

【目的】桃果实易受匍枝根霉(Rhizopus stolonifer)侵染引起软腐病,导致果实采后腐烂损失严重。目前人工合成的化学杀菌剂是控制桃果实采后病害的主要方法,但长期使用容易带来食品安全隐患、病原菌抗药性和环境污染等问题。通过研究生物源抑菌成分1-辛烯-3-醇对桃果实软腐病的控制作用,为减少化学农药使用和控制采后桃果实软腐病提供理论基础。【方法】使用1-辛烯-3-醇熏蒸接种匍枝根霉(R.stolonifer)后的桃果实,对果实抗病相关基因表达和酶活性进行测定。通过离体试验,研究1-辛烯-3-醇熏蒸对匍枝根霉(R.stolonifer)菌丝和孢子的影响。【结果】55.80μg/mL 1-辛烯-3-醇熏蒸处理可以显著降低桃果实的发病率和病斑直径(P<0.05),提高几丁质酶(chitinase,CHI)和β-1,3葡聚糖酶(β-1,3-glucanase,GLU)的活性以及病程相关基因非表达子1(nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related protein 1,NPR1)、病程相关蛋白1(pathogenesis-related protein 1,PR1)、CHI和GLU的基因表达量。离体试验结果显示,1-辛烯-3-醇可抑制平板上匍枝根霉(R.stolonifer)菌丝的生长,使菌丝体细胞结构遭到破坏,同时显著降低麦角固醇含量(P<0.05),抑制孢囊孢子的萌发和芽管伸长,并通过破坏孢子的膜结构,引起活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)暴发与线粒体损伤。【结论】以上结果证实,1-辛烯-3-醇熏蒸处理不仅能直接破坏匍枝根霉(R.stolonifer)的菌丝与孢子,还可通过诱导桃果实的系统获得性抗性(systemic acquired resistance,SAR)抑制采后软腐病的蔓延。     

森林公园在我国自然保护区系统中的地位

本文针对我国森林公园建设发展迅速的现状,阐述了“森林公园”的自然保护性质和作用,提出“国家自然保护区系统”的概念,将森林公园与自然保护区、风景名胜区三个体系同视为“国家自然保护区系统”中的三个组成部分,并阐述了这三个体系各自的特点、地位及其相互关系。同时,还提出进一步加强森林公园管理的建议。     

Aerobic denitrification by novel isolated strain using NO-₂-N as nitrogen source

Biological denitrification reaction can be achieved under aerobic environment. Few aerobic denitrifiers using nitrite as sole nitrogen source were identified. Using nitrite as the sole nitrogen source, this work assessed the denitrification activity of yy7, an aerobic heterotrophic denitrifier identified as Pseudomonas sp. (94% similarity) by 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. The logistic equation describes the cell growth curve, yielding a generation time of 2.9h at an initial 18 mg l(-1)NO(-)?-N. Reduction of NO(-)?-N was primarily achieved during its logarithmic growth phase, and was accompanied by an increase in suspension pH and near complete consumption of dissolved oxygen. Three genes relating to nirK, norB, and nosZ were noted to involve in isolate strain. Isolate yy7 can survive and remove up to 40 mg l(-1)NO(-)?-N and, hence, can be applied as an effective aerobic denitrifier during simultaneous nitrification and denitrification via nitrite processes.     

Association between polymorphisms in the promoter region of interleukin-10 and susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease

The aim of this study was to assess the association of polymorphisms in the promoter region of the IL-10 gene with the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Fifteen studies (3,693 cases and 4,574 controls) were included in a meta-analysis of association between IL-10 ?1082G/A, ?819C/T and ?592C/A polymorphisms, and IBD, CD and UC using allele contrast and the recessive, dominant, and additive models. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was confirmed for each study. Heterogeneity and study quality were investigated using stratification analyses and sensitivity analyses. Polymorphism ?1082G/A showed significant association with CD, with odds ratios (ORs) for the GG + GA genotype and GG versus AA genotype of 1.278 (1.004–1.627) and 1.238 (1.027–1.492) in all subjects. Significant associations were found in the Caucasian subgroup using the allele contrast, dominant, and additive models. C-allele carriers of the ?819C/T polymorphism were at increased risk of IBD (OR 1.093, 95 % CI 1.004–1.190). Association with the ?819C/T polymorphism was also found in Caucasians with CD (C vs. T: OR 1.104, 95 % CI 1.010–1.206; CC + CT vs. TT: OR 1.328, 95 % CI 1.006–1.754; CC vs. TT: OR 1.339, 95 % CI 1.008–1.778), and with UC (CC vs. CT + TT: OR 1.188, 95 % CI 1.019–1.385). No significant association was found between the ?592C/A polymorphism and IBD, CD or UC. In conclusion, the meta-analysis demonstrated clear association between the IL-10 polymorphisms ?1082G/A and ?819C/T and the risk of IBD.     

寡肽转运蛋白PepT2原核表达质粒的构建及其表达初探

寡肤转运蛋白(PepT2,peptide transporter,SLC15A2)是哺乳动物体内能够转运二肤、三肽的蛋白.研究表明,一些类肽的小分子药物也是PepT2的底物,但PepT2的结构与生物学功能尚待研究.建立稳定表达PepT2的表达体系是研究PepT2的重要环节.根据GenBank中人PepT2基因序列,借助Primer5.0设计了1对寡核苷酸引物,经PCR合成长达2 190bp的目的序列,通过重组构建pET30a(+)/PepT2表达质柱,测序分析确认目的基因中的3个碱基发生突变.初步研究了pET30a(+)/PepT2在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)pLysS中的表达,为PepT2原核表达的进一步科研和实际应用奠定了基础.     

Flexible Solar Thermal Fuel Devices: Composites of Fabric and a Photoliquefiable Azobenzene Derivative

Controllable storage and release of solar energy has always been a highlighted scientific issue for its benefit of mankind. Solar thermal fuels (STFs) supply a closed cycle and renewable energy‐storage strategy by transforming solar energy into chemical energy stored in the conformation of molecular isomers, such as cis/trans‐azobenzene, and releasing it as heat under various stimuli. Although the potential high energy density of the STFs which are based on the hybrids of azobenzene derivatives and carbon nanomaterials has been reported the solvent‐assistant charging hinders their practicability. In this study, a solid‐state STF device is designed and fabricated by compositing one photoliquefiable azobenzene (PLAZ) derivative with a flexible fabric template. The photoinduced phase transition of the PLAZ derivative enables the charging of the flexible STFs to be totally solvent‐free. Interestingly, the energy‐storage capacity (energy density ≈201 J g^?1) of flexible PLAZ STFs has been improved by the soft fabric template. The exothermic situation is monitored with one infrared camera, which shows 4 °C temperature difference between charged and discharged samples under blue light stimulus. The flexible STFs are may be used in practice as heating equipment.     

Transformation of Saussurea involucrata by Agrobacterium rhizogenes: Hairy root induction and syringin production

Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated genetic transformation of Saussurea involucrata was investigated. Four bacterial strains, A4, LBA 9402, R1000 and R1601 and three explant types, leaf blade, petiole and root, were examined. Over 100 hairy root lines were successfully established with strains R1601, R1000 and LBA9402, but none with A4. The highest transformation efficiency of 67% was achieved by using strain R1601 with root explants. One hairy root line isolated from this combination, HR1601-1, produced up to 43.5 ± 1.13 mg syringin g⁻¹ dw, which is about 50-fold higher than that in the wild type plants.Two other lines, HR1000-1 and HRLBA9402-1, isolated from R1000- and LBA9402-transformed roots, respectively, also displayed high capacity of syringin production, being 32.5 ± 3.08 and 39.7 ± 1.37 mg syringin g⁻¹ dw. These three lines were characterized in detail. Polymerase chain reaction analyses confirmed these root lines were of A. rhizogenes origin.     

黑线仓鼠CRH基因的编码序列及系统进化分析

为探究黑线仓鼠(Cricetulus barabensis)繁殖功能与促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)基因结构的关系,参考近缘种的cDNA序列设计引物,采用RT-PCR法克隆得到了黑线仓鼠CRH基因的部分序列,克隆得到长度为1 112bp,为外显子1和外显子2的部分序列,包括全部编码区序列564 bp;编码区共编码187个氨基酸,GenBank登录号为JQ416143.利用编码区序列构建系统进化树,结果显示,黑线仓鼠与大鼠、小鼠亲缘关系最近,与其他哺乳动物亲缘关系较近,而与原鸡亲缘关系最远,此结果与物种的进化关系相一致.同时对其编码的蛋白质进行一级结构分析及二级、三级结构预测,得到了CRH的信号肽序列和41个氨基酸组成.本研究首次报道了黑线仓鼠的CRH基因序列,为进一步探究CRH基因奠定基础,对系统分析CRH的功能具有重要的参考价值,同时该cDNA序列可作为物种亲缘关系或遗传距离研究的理想标记.