Genome-scale profiling of circulating cell-free DNA signatures for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients

Dear Editor, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most deadly cancer worldwide.1 Cirrhosis of different causes predisposes patients to HCC,increasing th...     

屯昌猪MYLPF基因序列分析及其组织表达量检测

为获得屯昌猪MYLPF基因的CDS区序列并分析其分子结构特征,研究屯昌猪、杜洛克猪以及其杂交F1代猪不同组织中的MYLPF mRNA表达水平,本研究以GenBank上公布的猪MYLPF基因序列(登录号:NM_001006592)为参考设计引物,通过RT-PCR扩增、测序获得屯昌猪MYLPF基因CDS区.结果显示:该基因...     

硅烷偶联剂的研究与应用

硅烷偶联剂是应用最广的一类偶联剂。本文阐述了其结构特征、偶联机理与使用技术,着重综述了硅烷偶联剂的应用范围与具体应用效果,最后展望了硅烷偶联剂的发展方向。     

The specific binding activities of human urinary radioiodinated colony-stimulating factor-1 to various human tissue cells

1. Colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) was isolated from a large volume of fresh normal human urine by 5 steps of purification and enrichment. 2. The purification factor is 100,000 fold and the purified compound exhibits a 2.16 x 10(7) U/mg of protein sp. act. 3. The isolated CSF-1 is a sialoglycoprotein with 41.5% of carbohydrate. The almost complete removal of this carbohydrate moiety (up to 91%) was achieved by incubation with trifluoromethane sulfonic acid. 4. The deglycosylated CSF-1 (DG-CSF-1) possesses an apparent Mr 38,000 compared to native CSF-1 with an initial Mr 57,000 (Goa et al., 1988). 5. The features of the interaction of radio-iodinated [125I]CSF-1 with single cell suspensions from various human tissues (bone marrow, spleen, blood, peritoneal cavity, alveolar lavage, lymph node and thymus), were studied. 6. The binding activity of peritoneal macrophages was the highest among the cells examined and erythrocytes, thymus and blood granulocytes showed no CSF-1 binding. 7. On incubation with [125I]CSF-1 at 0 degrees C, cellular binding of [125I]CSF-1 reached a stable maximum within 16 hr. This is in contrast to the association behaviour at higher temperature. 8. At 37 degrees C, cellular associated [125I]CSF-1 levels reached, within 90 min, an unstable maximum which was up to 10 times less than that occurring under the same conditions at 0 degree C. From the Scatchard plot analysis, we obtained the affinity constant and the number of receptor(s). 9. The binding site is sensitive to trypsin. 10. The receptor alone, (labelled by cross-linking to [125I]CSF-1 with di-succinylimidyl-suberate), is a polypeptide with an approx. Mr 110,000. 11. Our results showed that the receptor of CSF-1 is a tyrosin-kinase.     

Characteristic gut microbiota and metabolic changes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

Intestinal flora provides an important contribution to the development of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). We performed a cross-sectional study in 52 healthy controls (HCs) and 83 patients with untreated active PTB to assess the differences in their microbiomic and metabolic profiles in faeces via V3-V4 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Patients with PTB had considerable reductions in phylogenetic alpha diversity and the production of short-chain fatty acids, dysbiosis of the intestinal flora and alterations in the faecal metabolomics composition compared with HCs. Significant alterations in faecal metabolites were associated with changes in the relative abundance of specific genera. Our study describes the imbalance of the gut microbiota and altered faecal metabolomics profiles in patients with PTB; the results indicate that the gut microbiota and faecal metabolomic profiles can be used as potential preventive and therapeutic targets for PTB.     

Receptome profiling identifies KREMEN1 and ASGR1 as alternative functional receptors of SARS-CoV-2

Host cellular receptors play key roles in the determination of virus tropism and pathogenesis.However,little is known about SARS-CoV-2 host receptors with the e...     

Novel long non‐coding RNA CYB561‐5 promotes aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis by interacting with basigin in non‐small cell lung cancer

Abnormally expressed long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized as potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The role of the novel lnc‐CYB561‐5 in NSCLC and its specific biological activity remain unknown. In this study, lncRNAs highly expressed in NSCLC tissue samples compared with paired adjacent normal tissue samples and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia were identified by RNA‐seq analysis. Lnc‐CYB561‐5 is highly expressed in human NSCLC and is associated with a poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. In vivo, downregulation of lnc‐CYB561‐5 significantly decreases tumour growth and metastasis. In vitro, lnc‐CYB561‐5 knockdown treatment inhibits cell migration, invasion and proliferation ability, as well as glycolysis rates. In addition, RNA pulldown and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays show that basigin (Bsg) protein interacts with lnc‐CYB561‐5. Overall, this study demonstrates that lnc‐CYB561‐5 is an oncogene in NSCLC, which is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and metastasis. Lnc‐CYB561‐5 interacts with Bsg to promote the expression of Hk2 and Pfk1 and further lead to metabolic reprogramming of NSCLC cells.     

eIF3k inhibits NF-κB signaling by targeting MyD88 for ATG5-mediated autophagic degradation in teleost fish

Optimal activation of NF-κB signaling is crucial for the initiation of inflammatory responses and eliminating invading bacteria. Bacteria have likewise evolved the ability to evade immunity; however, mechanisms by which bacteria dysregulate host NF-κB signaling are unclear. In this study, we identify eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF3k, a nonessential member of the eIF3 translation initiation complex, as a suppressor of the NF-κB pathway. Mechanistically, we show that eIF3k expression induced by Vibrio harveyi enhances E3 ligase Nrdp1-mediated K27-linked ubiquitination of MyD88, an upstream regulator of NF-κB pathway activation. Furthermore, we show that eIF3k acts as a bridge linking ubiquitin-tagged MyD88 and ATG5, an important mediator of autophagy. We demonstrate that the MyD88-eIF3k-ATG5 complex is transported to the autophagosome for degradation, and that innate immune signaling is subsequently terminated and does not attack invading V. harveyi. Therefore, our study identifies eIF3k as a specific inhibitor of the MyD88-dependent NF-κB pathway and suggests that eIF3k may act as a selective autophagic receptor that synergizes with ATG5 to promote the autophagic degradation of MyD88, which helps V. harveyi to evade innate immunity. We conclude that V. harveyi can manipulate a host''s autophagy process to evade immunity in fish and also provide a new perspective on mammalian resistance to bacterial invasion.