汉滩病毒糖蛋白G1G2和核蛋白NP在痘苗病毒天坛株中的联合表达

以汉滩病毒７６／１１８株Ｍ、Ｓ片段分别插入转南粒ＰＪＳＢ１１７５的Ｐ１１和Ｐ７．５启动子下游,构建成重组质粒ＰＪＳＢ１１７．５Ｓ。采用Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎ转染针重组质粒分别与痘苗病毒天坛株ＴＫｖｖ和表达Ｓ片的重线痘苗病毒ＶＪＳＡ１１７５Ｓ进行共转染,免疫酶斑和蓝白筛法筛选并纯化,得到了重组病毒ＶＪＳＢ１１Ｍ５Ｓ。Ｂｕｄｒ的选择压力试验表明,外源基因确定插入在ＴＫ基因区;ＰＣＲ及打点杂交证实了两个片     

Seedling growth variation in response to sand burial in four <Emphasis Type="Italic">Artemisia</Emphasis> species from different habitats in the semi-arid dune field

We compared seedling growth of four Artemisia species dominated at different habitats to determine whether interspecific seedling growth variation of a same genus in tolerance to burial can be used to explain plant distribution in the sand dune field. Interdune lowland species, Artemisia gmelinii, stabilized dune species, A. frigida, semi-stabilized dune species, A. halodendron, and active dune species, A. wudanica were selected. Seedlings grown for 3 weeks were treated at five burial depths for three burial times in pot experiments. Species from the habitats with little burial had smaller survival rate, dry weight and stem elongation speed than those from the habitats with intensive burial when buried. Furthermore, when buried, the former tended to adjust biomass allocation between shoot and root and produce adventitious buds, while the latter tended to maintain a constant root:shoot ratio and produce adventitious roots. We conclude that (1) seedlings of species with a long evolutionary history of exposure to sand burial (from the active sand dune), show quicker stem growth when buried than do seedlings of species from the habitats with little or no sand burial; (2) seedlings of species which do not change root:shoot ratio might be more tolerant of sand burial than those do; (3) seedlings of species from the habitats with intensive sand burial is prone to produce adventitious roots and seedlings of species from the habitats with little or no sand burial tend to produce adventitious buds when buried.     

A new evaluation method for quantifying PI3K activity by HTRF assay

PIK3CA, coding a catalytic subunit of PI3K p110α, is frequently mutated in cancer. In previous studies, p110α with hotspot mutations such as E545K and H1047R were shown to be gain-of-function mutations. However, quantitative evaluation of these mutants was not well established. Recently, a new method for measuring PI3K activity using homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) has been developed. Using this method, we constructed a quantitative evaluation system for PI3K activity. Serial dilutions of standard PIP3 were subjected to the PI3K-HTRF assay in order to establish a regression line for calibration. The recombinant FLAG-tagged p110α proteins were engineered together with a regulatory subunit p85α in human embryonic kidney 293T cells. Anti-FLAG-Ig immunoprecipitates were then subjected to the assay, which enabled us to quantitatively evaluate the activities of hotspot mutants of p110α. We believe this method will also be applicable to the evaluation of p110α having uncharacterized mutations found in cancer.     

长白山阔叶红松林夏季温度特征研究

森林是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分 ,而森林生态系统的生产、呼吸等生态过程都受温度的制约。对森林温度特征的研究 ,是揭示森林生态系统功能 ,评估森林对环境综合效益的基础。早在 2 0世纪初 ,德国学者Ｇｅｉｇｅｒ[8] 就作了赤松林气温日变化研究 ,随之 ,后人也作了大量的相关工作 ,对森林温度特征认识逐步深化[1～ 3,5,7] 。长白山阔叶红松林是我国东北东部中温带湿润气候区最重要的森林植被类型 ,是中国东北样带东部最典型的生态系统。它对调节气候 ,稳定生态平衡有着重要作用。此研究通过对长白山阔叶红松林林内空气温度与土壤温度进行…     

停止人为去除植物功能群后的高寒草甸多样性恢复过程与群落构建

已有大量研究利用功能性状或系统发育来推断群落构建机制, 然而不同过程可能会导致相似的格局。本文基于对甘南高寒草甸植物功能群去除处理后群落恢复过程的跟踪调查, 对比了物种多样性、功能多样性和系统发育多样性的动态变化, 并分析了物种定殖与消失过程对功能多样性和系统发育多样性变化的影响。结果表明: 去除不同数量功能群的群落中: (1)包括物种丰富度(SR)、Shannon-Wiener指数(H°)和Simpson指数(D)在内的传统物种多样性均随时间快速上升并与自然群落趋同, 不同群落的均匀度指数(J)随时间呈增加趋势并趋于相似; 功能多样性(FD)与系统发育多样性(PD)呈现出与物种多样性相似的动态变化趋势, 而平均配对距离(MPD/MPD_a、MFD/MFD_a)则向中等程度聚集。(2)不同群落的功能群和物种组成在短期内均恢复到与自然群落非常相似的程度。(3)物种定殖与消失过程的功能格局是群落恢复过程中趋同效应的主要驱动力。本研究揭示了高寒草甸植物功能群去除停止后群落短期内快速恢复的过程, 说明在小尺度且周边具有大范围未退化草甸的情况下, 无论物种多样性、功能多样性还是系统发育多样性都具有较快的恢复能力, 同时说明了利用群落系统发育多样性格局来推断群落构建机制的局限性。     

长白山阔叶红松林主要树种光合作用的光响应曲线

以叶片光合作用观测资料为基础,利用直角双曲线与非直角双曲线两种方法对长白山阔叶红松林的主要建群树种红松(Pinus koraiensis)、紫椴(Tilia amurensis)、蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)、水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)光合作用的光响应曲线进行了拟合.结果表明,两种方法拟合结果不同,直角双曲线方法简单,但非直角双曲线的拟合结果更符合生理意义.由直角双曲线拟合得出4个树种的初始量子效率α、最大净光合作用速率P_max以及暗呼吸R_d大于非直角双曲线的拟合结果,而光补偿点L_cp随树种不同而有差异.两种方法得出4个树种的α、R_d大小顺序相同,分别是：α为水曲柳＞紫椴＞蒙古栎＞红松;R_d为水曲柳＞蒙古栎＞紫椴＞红松,但由两种方法得出的P_max、L_cp值大小顺序有差异.     

Genetic mapping and quantitative trait locus analysis of fiber quality traits using a three-parent composite population in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Composite cross populations (CP) developed from three or more cultivars/lines are frequently used to improve agronomic and economic traits in crop cultivar development programs. Employing CP in linkage map construction and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping may increase the marker density of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genetic maps, exploit more adequate gene resources and facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS). To construct a relatively high-density map and identify QTL associated with fiber quality traits in upland cotton, three elite upland cultivars/lines, Yumian 1, CRI 35 and 7,235, were used to obtain the segregating population, Yumian 1/CRI 35//Yumian 1/7,235. A genetic map containing 978 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci and 69 linkage groups was constructed; the map spanned 4,184.4 cM, covering approximately 94.1% of the entire tetraploid cotton genome. A total of 63 QTL were detected, explaining 8.1–55.8% of the total phenotypic variance: 11 QTL for fiber elongation, 16 QTL for fiber length, 9 QTL for fiber micronaire reading, 10 QTL for fiber strength and 17 QTL for fiber length uniformity. The genetic map and QTL detected for fiber quality traits are promising for further breeding programs of upland cotton with improved fiber quality.