蝮蛇毒抗凝血活酶组份及几种蛇毒粗毒对人红细胞和血小板的作用

蝮蛇毒抗凝血活酶组分及蝗蛇毒、圆斑蝰蛇毒和眼镜蛇毒粗毒,不仅能够水解血浆中的磷脂,而且还能水解完整人红细胞膜和完整人血小板膜上的磷脂。但是五步蛇毒和金环蛇毒粗毒却不能水解完整人血小板膜上的磷脂。 扫描电镜观察表明,由于抗凝血活酶组份和几种蛇毒粗毒的作用,人红细胞和人血小板的形态发生了巨大的变化;人红细胞由正常的双圆盘形变成带刺的小球,人血小板的外形变成蜂窝状。     

The use of microcomputers for the quantitation of light intensity patterns using digitized video signals

We have developed an inexpensive yet versatile microcomputer-basedsystem for quantitating light intensity levels in autoradiographs.This system employs a standard video camera interfaced to ananalog-to-digital convertor. A program has been written forthis system which can measure intensities within a defined regionof an autoradiograph, permitting an easy and accurate quantitationof spots or bands of irregular shape. Received on June 18, 1985; accepted on September 3, 1985     

Characterization of acetylcholinesterase activity from Drosophila melanogaster

The acetylcholinesterase activity of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, was characterized biochemically. The activity is associated with a glycoprotein which is divided between a detergent-extractable membrane-bound fraction and a soluble fraction. The acetylcholinesterase activity is concentrated in the head of the insect. Through pharmacological methods, greater than 95% of the cholinesterase is judged to be true acetylcholinesterase, and not pseudocholinesterase. As expected for an acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme has a high affinity for acetylthiocholine and is inhibited by excess concentrations of acetylthiocholine. The soluble enzyme is found predominantly as a 7.8 S form; a smaller amount of an approximately 6 S form is also present, and a greater than or equal to 14 S form may exist. The detergent-solubilized acetylcholinesterase has a sedimentation coefficient of 7.5 S in the presence of detergent. The thermal inactivation rates for the soluble and the membrane bound enzymes are markedly different.     

金丝猴(RHINOPITHECUS)脑的外部形态

本文是对三种金丝猴脑的外部形态的观察结果表明:金丝猴的大脑皮层除存在猴科固有的全部沟裂外,还较其他猴科动物具有更多的副沟。大脑的沟型与疣猴亚科的特征完全吻合,但是很多特点都较叶猴更近似于长臂猿。另外,除了蚓叶和蚓结节较小,四叠体的下丘较猕猴发达以外,金丝猴的小脑和脑干均与猴科的一般特征无明显差异。     

四川成都市郊正常成年男性血清生殖激素水平及其频数分布

本文用放射免疫测定法(RIA),测定了200～290例中国四川成都市郊30～73岁的正常成年男性血清睾酮(T)促黄体激素(LH).卵泡刺激素(FSH)及泌乳激素(PRL)的水平及其分布,进行了不同年龄水平差异显著性的观察,见到睾酮与泌乳激素水平无显著差异,促黄体激素及卵泡刺激素水平,随年龄之增加而升高,差异有显著性,并测得它们在血清中水平的分布:LH、FSH及PRL均为对数正态公布,T既非正态又非对数正态,但其频率分布较对称,接近正态分布。     

Effects of superovulatory doses of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin on oocyte quality and ovulatory and steroid hormone responses in rats

Immature rats (aged 28 days) were injected with 4, 20, or 40 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and sacrificed every 6 or 12 hr. Control rats (4 IU) ovulated between 60 and 72 hr, whereas rats given superovulatory doses of PMSG (20 and 40 IU) ovulated between 24 and 72 hr. The oocyte count from the superovulated rats increased slightly between 24 and 36 hr and markedly between 48 and 72 hr. Degenerated oocytes were recovered 48 and 36 hr after administration of 20 and 40 IU PMSG, respectively. Thereafter, the proportion of degenerated oocytes was dose dependent and reached a maximum at 72 (30.9%, 20 IU) and 60 hr (61.0%, 40 IU). 17β-estradiol content of the superovulated ovaries increased significantly (P < 0.01) from 36 hr and was maximal at 60 (20 IU) or 54 hr (40 IU), when compared to the control regimen. Administration of 40 IU PMSG resulted in a biphasic increase of progesterone content with the peaks at 36 and 60 hr. Androgen content of the superovulated ovaries was lower than control levels during the first 36 hr but was significantly (P < 0.01) higher thereafter. The results suggest that these alterations in the steroid response (particularly androgens) from 36 hr onward following superovulation may be responsible for the coincidental occurrence of abnormal oocytes, possibly by disturbing the specific intrafollicular steroid environment essential for complete maturation. In addition, oocyte aging that is due to earlier activation by the exogenous luteinizing hormone activity may be a contributing factor.     

红皮树胚胎发育

本文报道红皮树(Styrax suberifoltus Hook.et Arn.)大小孢子发育和早期胚胎发生。子房具胚珠20—23枚,胚珠横生,珠被二层,薄珠心,孢原细胞直接起大孢子母细胞作用。合点端大孢子具功能。胚囊发育为正常型。成熟胚囊具大量淀粉粒。小孢子形成为同时型,成熟花粉为二细胞型。传粉后、受精前两个助细胞在形状和对苏木精着色程度上有显著区别。胚乳发育为细胞型。在合子分裂前,胚乳细胞增至约26个时,暂时停止分裂。苏木精对细胞质不易着色,似解体细胞。有胚乳吸器。     

宁夏同心中新世铲齿象化石

本文记述了宁夏同心地区中中新世哺乳动物群中铲齿象化石——同心铲齿象 (Platybelodon tongxinensis) (原定为同心嵌齿象 (Gomphotherium tongxinensis). 通过与国内外已现的有关铲齿象对比,确认其与国内已发现的葛氏种关系最近,可能属同一枝系.同心种与葛氏种相比,是性质相对原始分布层位较低的我国第二个铲齿象种.文章初步讨论了其 M_3 的某些变异性状.并结合现有的其它标本初步阐述了铲齿象类下门齿的两种结构类型,原始型的同心层状结构和衍生型的齿质柱状结构.建议根据这两种结构仍将铲齿象类划分为 Platybelodontinae 和 Amebelodontinae.     

Correlation of H2O2 production and liver catalase during riboflavin deficiency and repletion in mammals

A substantial decrease in liver peroxisomal catalase was found during riboflavin deficiency in rats. This decrease is greater than that found among other hemoproteins and seems to follow decrease in flavin-dependent peroxisomal oxidases. This is not due to a general depression of peroxisomal enzymes, since Cu-dependent urate oxidase activity was not changed. Furthermore, the level of catalase activity as well as flavin-dependent oxidases was restored by riboflavin repletion. These results suggest that hydrogen peroxide, the substrate for catalase produced by several flavoprotein oxidases, induces catalase in mammals as has been indicated for certain bacteria.