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131.
Remapping of the stripe rust resistance gene <Emphasis Type="Italic">Yr10</Emphasis> in common wheat
Cuiling Yuan Jingzheng Wu Baiqiang Yan Qunqun Hao Chaozhong Zhang Bo Lyu Fei Ni Allan Caplan Jiajie Wu Daolin Fu 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2018,131(6):1253-1262
Key message
Yr10 is an important gene to control wheat stripe rust, and the search for Yr10 needs to be continued.Abstract
Wheat stripe rust or yellow rust is a devastating fungal disease caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). Host disease resistance offers a primary source for controlling wheat stripe rust. The stripe rust resistance gene Yr10 confers the race-specific resistance to most tested Pst races in China including CYR29. Early studies proposed that Yr10 was a nucleotide-binding site, leucine-rich repeat gene archived as GenBank accession AF149112 (hereafter designated the Yr10 candidate gene or Yr10 CG ). In this study, we revealed that 15 Chinese wheat cultivars positive for Yr10 CG are susceptible to CYR29. We then expressed the Yr10 CG cDNA in the common wheat ‘Bobwhite’. The Yr10 CG -cDNA positive transgenic plants were also susceptible to CYR29. Thus, it is highly unlikely that Yr10 CG corresponds to the Yr10 resistance gene. Using the Yr10 donor ‘Moro’ and the Pst-susceptible wheat ‘Huixianhong’, we generated two F3 populations that displayed a single Mendelian segregation on the Yr10 gene, and used them to remap the Yr10 gene. Six markers were placed in the Yr10 region, with the Yr10 CG gene now mapping about 1.2-cM proximal to the Yr10 locus and the Xsdauw79 marker is completely linked to the Yr10 locus. Apparently, the Yr10 gene has not yet been identified. Fine mapping and positional cloning of Yr10 is important for gene pyramiding for stripe rust resistance in wheat.132.
133.
Wei Zhang Meng He Hengbin Wei Xianchang Zhu Xiaofang You Xianjun Lyu 《Molecular simulation》2018,44(9):769-773
The high moisture content of sub-bituminous coal is associated with the interactions between coal and water. Because of complex composition and structure, the graphite surface modified by hydroxyl, carboxyl and carbonyl groups was used to represent the surface model of sub-bituminous coal according to XPS results. Density profiles for oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms indicate that the coal surface properties affect the structural and dynamic characteristics of the interfacial water molecules. The interfacial water exhibits much more ordering than bulk water. The results of radial distribution functions, mean square displacement and local self-diffusion coefficient for water molecule related to three oxygen moieties confirmed that the water molecules prefer to absorb with carboxylic groups, and adsorption of water molecules at the hydroxy and carbonyl is similar. 相似文献
134.
Murine leukemia virus envelope protein in transgenic-mouse serum blocks infection in vitro.
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Transgenic mice bearing a murine retroviral envelope transgene (Fv4) have Fv4 gp70env (SU) in their serum in amounts sufficient to block infection by ecotropic virus in vitro. Fv4 Env in serum is derived largely but not exclusively from hematopoietic cells. Tail cells from Fv4 mice and cell lines transduced with the Fv4 env transgene synthesize both components of the envelope protein (gp70 SU and p15E TM) but secrete the gp70 moiety, in the absence of retroviral particles. Blocking of the ecotropic viral receptor by secreted gp70 SU may contribute to resistance to retroviral infection in these mice. 相似文献
135.
WHITE PANICLE1, a Val-tRNA Synthetase Regulating Chloroplast Ribosome Biogenesis in Rice,Is Essential for Early Chloroplast Development 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
136.
137.
Rong-Ming Lyu Lucinda Smith Jeffrey Bingham Smith 《The Journal of membrane biology》1991,124(1):73-83
Summary Kinetic properties of Na+–Ca2+ exchange in a renal epithelial cell line (LLC-MK2) were assessed by measuring cytosolic free Ca2+ with fura-2 and45Ca2+ influx. Replacing external Na+ with K+ produced relatively small increases in free Ca2+ and45Ca2+ uptake unless the cells were incubated with ouabain. Ouabain markedly increased cell Na+ and strongly potentiated the effect of replacing external Na+ with K+ on free Ca2+ and45Ca2+ uptake.45Ca2+ influx in 140mm K+ or N-methyl-d-glucamine minus influx in 140mm Na+ was used to quantify Na+–Ca2+ exchange activity of Na+-loaded cells. The dependence of exchange on cell Na+ was sigmoidal; theK
0.5 was 26±3 mmol/liter cell water space, and the Hill coefficient was 3.1±0.2. The kinetic features of the dependence of exchange on cell Na+ partly account for the small increase in Ca2+ influx when all external Na+ is replaced by K+. Besides raising cell Na+ ouabain appears to activate the exchanger. Magnesium competitively inhibited exchange activity. The potency of Mg2+ was 8.2-fold lower with potassium instead of N-methyl-d-glucamine or choline as the replacement for external Na+. Potassium also increased theV
max of exchange by 86% and had no effect on theK
m for Ca2+. The exchanger does not cause detectable22Na+–Mg2+ exchange and does not appear to require K+ or transport86Rb+. Although exchange activity was plentiful in the epithelial cells from monkey kidney, others from amphibian, canine, opossum, and porcine kidney had no detectable exchange activity. All of the measured kinetic properties of Na+–Ca2+ exchange in the renal epithelial cells are very similar to those of the exchanger in rat aortic myocytes. 相似文献
138.
139.
Congcong Lyu Xuke Yang Jichao Yang Lun Hou Yanqin Zhou Junlong Zhao Bang Shen 《Open biology》2021,11(6)
Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous pathogen infecting one-third of the global population. A significant fraction of toxoplasmosis cases is caused by reactivation of existing chronic infections. The encysted bradyzoites during chronic infection accumulate high levels of amylopectin that is barely present in fast-replicating tachyzoites. However, the physiological significance of amylopectin is not fully understood. Here, we identified a starch synthase (SS) that is required for amylopectin synthesis in T. gondii. Genetic ablation of SS abolished amylopectin production, reduced tachyzoite proliferation, and impaired the recrudescence of bradyzoites to tachyzoites. Disruption of the parasite Ca2+-dependent protein kinase 2 (CDPK2) was previously shown to cause massive amylopectin accumulation and bradyzoite death. Therefore, the Δcdpk2 mutant is thought to be a vaccine candidate. Notably, deleting SS in a Δcdpk2 mutant completely abolished starch accrual and restored cyst formation as well as virulence in mice. Together these results suggest that regulated amylopectin production is critical for the optimal growth, development and virulence of Toxoplasma. Not least, our data underscore a potential drawback of the Δcdpk2 mutant as a vaccine candidate as it may regain full virulence by mutating amylopectin synthesis genes like SS. 相似文献
140.
Hua-Feng Wang Xiaoting Xu Xia-Lan Cheng Yunpeng Liu Ao Luo Tong Lyu Wen-Long Wang Mir Muhammad Nizamani Zhiheng Wang 《Journal of Plant Ecology》2022,15(6):1142
Understanding large-scale patterns of biodiversity and their drivers remains central in ecology. Many hypotheses
have been proposed, including hydrothermal dynamic hypothesis, tropical niche conservatism hypothesis, Janzen’s
hypothesis and a combination model containing energy, water, seasonality and habitat heterogeneity. Yet, their
relative contributions to groups with different lifeforms and range sizes remain controversial, which have limited
our ability to understand the general mechanisms underlying species richness patterns. Here we evaluated how
lifeforms and species range sizes influenced the relative contributions of these three hypotheses to species richness
patterns of a tropical family Moraceae. The distribution data of Moraceae species at a spatial resolution of 50km
×50 km and their lifeforms (i.e. shrubs, small trees and large trees) were compiled. The species richness patterns
were estimated for the entire family, different life forms and species with different range sizes separately. The effects
of environmental variables on species richness were analyzed, and relative contributions of different hypotheses
were evaluated across life forms and species range size groups. The species richness patterns were consistent across
different species groups and the species richness was the highest in Sichuan, Guangzhou and Hainan provinces,
making these provinces the hotspots of this family. Climate seasonality is the primary factor in determining richness
variation of Moraceae. The best combination model gave the largest explanatory power for Moraceae species
richness across each group of range size and life forms followed by the hydrothermal dynamic hypothesis, Janzen’s
hypothesis and tropical niche conservatism hypothesis. All these models has a large shared effects but a low
independent effect (< 5%), except rare species. These findings suggest unique patterns and mechanisms underlying
rare species richness and provide a theoretical basis for protection of the Moraceae species in China. 相似文献