猪产仔数分子标记及其效应分析

初步确定了2个新的猪产仔数分子标记,雌激素受体基因ESR的第8外显子处的ESRB位点、催乳素受体基因的第7外显子的FSHRB位点。通过比较和分析多个产仔数的效应,初步确定了4个有利于产仔数提高的分子标记基因型,基因位点ESR、FSHRB的基因型BB的产仔数显著地高于AB、AA型;位点ESRB、PRLR的基因型AA的产仔数显著地高于AB、BB型;4个基因位点多态性与仔猪生长性能、母猪乳头数不存在显著的影响。     

Efficient Passivation of Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells Using Organic Dyes with COOH Functional Group

Organic–inorganic halide perovskites are efficient absorbers for solar cells. Nevertheless, the trap states at the surfaces and grain boundaries are a detrimental factor compromising the device performance. Here, an organic dye (AQ310) is employed as passivator to reduce the trap states of the perovskites and promote better stability. The results demonstrate that the trap states of perovskite are minimized by the presence of AQ310's ?COOH group and the formation of coordination with under‐coordinated Pb²⁺ ions. The resulting carrier recombination time is prolonged and verified by the photoluminescence and open‐circuit voltage decay measurements. Consequently, the best average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.43% is achieved for the perovskite solar cell (PSC) with AQ310 passivation, as compared with a low average PCE of 17.98% for the PSC without AQ310 passivation.     

Assessment of cotton aphids, Aphis gossypii, and their natural enemies on aphid-resistant and aphid-susceptible wheat varieties in a wheat–cotton relay intercropping system

The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae), is an important cotton pest in northern China, especially in the seedling stage of cotton. After large scale commercial use of transgenic Bt cotton, cotton aphids became one of the most important cotton pests. A 2‐year study was conducted to evaluate the role of four winter wheat varieties that were resistant or susceptible to wheat aphid, Sitobion avenae Fabricius (Homoptera: Aphididae), in conserving arthropod natural enemies and suppressing cotton aphids in a wheat–cotton relay intercropping system in northern China. The results indicated that wheat–cotton intercropping preserved and augmented natural enemies more than a monoculture of cotton. The density of natural enemies in cotton was significantly different among relay‐intercropping fields with different wheat varieties. The highest density of natural enemies and low cotton aphid populations were found in the treatment of cotton in relay intercropped with the wheat variety Lovrin10, which is susceptible to wheat aphid. The lowest density of predators and parasitoids associated with high cotton aphid populations were found with the wheat variety KOK1679, which is resistant to wheat aphid. The results showed that wheat varieties that are susceptible or moderately resistant to wheat aphid might reduce cotton aphids more effectively than an aphid‐resistant variety in the intercropping system by enhancing predators to suppress cotton aphids during the cotton seedling stage.     

高原世居藏族α、β珠蛋白编码基因的克隆与测序

目的:通过对高原世居藏族α、β珠蛋白编码基因的分析,探讨藏族Hb高氧亲合力的分子机制.方法:高原现场采集健康成年男性藏族人骨髓样品,提取总RNA,通过逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)获得人α和β珠蛋白的cDNA,与PGEM-T Easy质粒连接后,将α和β珠蛋白的cDNA转化JM109大肠杆菌中扩增培养,经酶切鉴定后测序,结果与NCBI数据库进行同源性比较.结果:藏族人α珠蛋白的cDNA与NCBI数据库登录的人cDNA序列相同,没有突变位点.一例藏族人β珠蛋白143位密码子发生了氧亲和力增高的碱基突变(CAC-＞CGC),其对应的氨基酸由His变为Arg(即Hb Abruzzo).结论:藏族人高氧亲和力变种的发现,为今后高原低氧适应相关基因的研究提供了线索.     

腺苷脱氨酶和结核抗体检测在结核性胸水诊断中的价值

目的 寻找对结核性胸水高敏感、高特异性而又简单的检查方法。方法 采用比色法和ELISA法对50例结核性胸水腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）和结核抗体水平进行了检测,并以45例恶性胸水和30例右心功能不全引起的胸水作对照。结果 结核性胸水ADA和结核抗体水平显著高于对照组（P<0.01）。以ADA>45U/L作为阳性标准,其对结核性胸水的敏感性为100%,特异性为98.6%,准确性为99.2%;结核抗体对结核性胸水的敏感性为90%,特异性为93.3%,准确性为92%。 结论 ADA 和结核抗体对诊断结核性胸水均有重要价值。在使用抗结核药特别是在并用激素治疗后,胸水ADA及结核抗体水平会随之下降,故应在停药1周后检测并动态观察二者的变化     

维生素C对视网膜色素上皮蓝光损伤保护作用的研究(简报)

维生素C为6碳多羟化合物,在化学反应中易失去电子,依次生成半脱氧抗坏血酸和脱氧抗坏血酸。因此,维生素C可作为自由基清除剂,能迅速与超氧阴离子、氢化氧基、过氧化氢、羟自由基反应,生成抗坏血酸自由基。蓝光作为一种短波长,靠近紫外线频段的光,具有能量高的特点,是自然界中导致视网膜色素上皮细胞损伤甚至凋亡的主要光线。本实验通过观察蓝光照射视网膜色素上皮,对其DNA的损伤产生光损伤作用,并比较加入维生素C后对这种光损伤的保护作用,以期探讨维生素C在     

Phylogeny of Rhus gall aphids (Hemiptera : Pemphigidae) based on combined molecular analysis of nuclear EF1α and mitochondrial COII genes

Rhus gall aphids (Fordinae : Melaphidini) have a disjunct distribution in East Asia and North America and have specific host plant relationships. Some of them are of economic importance and all species form sealed galls which show great variation in shape, size, structure, and galling‐site. We present a phylogeny incorporating ten species and four subspecies of Rhus gall aphids based on 1694 base pairs of nuclear elongation factor‐1α (EF1α) and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) DNA sequence data. The results suggest that Melaphidini is monophyletic and at the genus level, Schlechtendalia, Nurudea, and Floraphis were each monophyletic. Kaburagia and Meitanaphis were not monophyletic and therefore inconsistent with the current classification. The North American sumac gall aphid, Melaphis rhois, was most closely related to the East Asian Floraphis species, although this was poorly supported. The conservation of gall morphology with respect to aphid phylogeny rather than their host plants suggests that gall morphology is largely determined by the aphids. While there is no evidence of strict co‐speciation between the aphids and their primary host plants, switching between recently diverged host plants may be involved in the speciation process in Melaphidini.     

木里柠檬种子油的脂肪酸组成和果实主要营养成分的研究

本文报道,采用气相色谱(GC)分析新发现的野生木里柠檬,和栽培的尤力克柠檬种子油的8种脂肪酸成分,和用常规化学方法对比测定两种柠檬果实中的糖,有机酸和维生素C的含量。研究结果表明,木里柠檬的脂肪酸及其它营养成分与尤力克柠檬相近。     

嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌胞外蛋白酶功能研究进展

嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)是广泛分布于自然界的革兰氏阴性杆菌。作为一种新型、与高死亡率相关的条件致病菌,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌能够导致人类或其他生物感染多种疾病。近年来,越来越多的研究结果显示来自于细菌的胞外蛋白酶是导致宿主发病的关键蛋白质。因此,探究嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌胞外蛋白酶的组成成分和功能将不仅有助于阐明其致病机制,更为今后以其为靶点进行临床治疗奠定基础。本文试图对嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌胞外蛋白酶的性质、功能及其应用进行归纳总结。