全文获取类型
收费全文 | 39556篇 |
免费 | 3676篇 |
国内免费 | 5662篇 |
专业分类
48894篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 160篇 |
2023年 | 661篇 |
2022年 | 1445篇 |
2021年 | 2337篇 |
2020年 | 1656篇 |
2019年 | 2076篇 |
2018年 | 1863篇 |
2017年 | 1374篇 |
2016年 | 1748篇 |
2015年 | 2618篇 |
2014年 | 3206篇 |
2013年 | 3276篇 |
2012年 | 3970篇 |
2011年 | 3532篇 |
2010年 | 2267篇 |
2009年 | 2076篇 |
2008年 | 2270篇 |
2007年 | 2033篇 |
2006年 | 1704篇 |
2005年 | 1536篇 |
2004年 | 1291篇 |
2003年 | 1179篇 |
2002年 | 953篇 |
2001年 | 622篇 |
2000年 | 526篇 |
1999年 | 495篇 |
1998年 | 344篇 |
1997年 | 263篇 |
1996年 | 241篇 |
1995年 | 201篇 |
1994年 | 168篇 |
1993年 | 131篇 |
1992年 | 120篇 |
1991年 | 100篇 |
1990年 | 89篇 |
1989年 | 81篇 |
1988年 | 66篇 |
1987年 | 43篇 |
1986年 | 40篇 |
1985年 | 52篇 |
1984年 | 16篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
1950年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
931.
932.
933.
Dongmei H Jing L Mei X Ling Z Hongmin Y Zhidong W Li D Zikuan G Hengxiang W 《Cytotherapy》2011,13(8):913-917
Background aimsThe aims of this study were to observe the safety and effectiveness of umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSC) in the treatment of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) and multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type (MSA-C).MethodsFrom October 2009 to September 2010, 14 cases of SCA and 10 cases of MSA-C were given UC-MSC by weekly intrathecal injection, at a dose of 1 × 106/kg four times as one course. All the patients received one course of treatment, except three patients who received two courses. The movement ability and quality of daily life were evaluated with the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) and Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL) and the scores compared with those before cell therapy. A follow-up of 6–15 months was carried out for all of the patients.ResultsThe results showed that the ICARS and ADL scores were significantly decreased 1 month after treatment (P < 0.01). The symptoms, including unstable walking and standing, slow movement, fine motor disorders of the upper limbs, writing difficulties and dysarthria, were greatly improved except for one patient, who had no response. The observed side-effects included dizziness (four patients), back pain (two cases) and headache (one case), which disappeared within 1–3 days. During the follow-up, 10 cases remained stable for half a year or longer, while 14 cases had regressed to the status prior to the treatment within 1–14 months (an average of 3 months).ConclusionsIntrathecal injection of UC-MSC is safe and can delay the progression of neurologic deficits for SCA and MSA-C patients. 相似文献
934.
Controlled conditions were used to investigate the relationship between ion distribution in developing seeds of two Suaeda salsa populations and seed germination and seedling emergence. Seeds were harvested from S. salsa plants that had been treated with 1 or 400 mM NaCl for 122 (saline inland population) or 135 days (intertidal zone population) in a glasshouse. Germination and seedling emergence were evaluated under salinity. In both populations, more ions were accumulated in the pericarps of plants cultured in 400 mM NaCl than in 1 mM NaCl. Pericarps accumulated much higher ion concentrations in the intertidal zone population than in the saline inland population, while the opposite trend occurred for ion accumulation in the embryos. Seeds of plants from the intertidal zone population germinated more rapidly than those from plants of the saline inland population, regardless of the NaCl concentration during seed germination. However, seedling emergence under high salinity was lower with seeds from the intertidal zone population than with seeds from the saline inland population. In conclusion, S. salsa in the intertidal zone employs superior control of ion compartmentalization in the pericarps to tolerate salinity but requires a minimal level of ions in embryos to ensure seedling establishment in highly saline environments. This indicates that euhalophytes require salts during the mature seed stage to maintain seed viability and to ensure seedling emergence and population establishment. 相似文献
935.
Guang-Feng Liao Ze-Hong Wu Ying Liu Yong-Ming Yan Ru-Mei Lu Yong-Xian Cheng 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2019,29(2):143-147
Four new aromatic meroterpenoids, ganocapenoids A–D (1–4), together with twelve known analogues (5–16) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma capense. The structures of new compounds were determined through spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR and MS analyses. Their absolute configurations were assigned by ECD calculations and specific rotation comparison. The biological activities of these substances toward regulation of lipid metabolism, neurite outgrowth-promoting activity, and AchE inhibition were assessed. Compound 15 was found to be able to block lipid accumulation at a concentration of 20?μM, and compounds 4a, 4b, and 11 show moderate neurite outgrowth-promoting activity at 10?μM, while compounds 3, 6, 11, and 13 exhibit potent AchE inhibition with the IC50 values of 28.6?±?1.9, 18.7?±?1.6, 8.2?±?0.2, 26.0?±?2.9?μM, respectively. 相似文献
936.
937.
构建用于杜氏盐藻核基质结合区结合蛋白(matrix attachment region binding protein,MBP)酵母双杂交试验的诱饵栽体,进行自激活及毒性验证.以含有盐藻MBP质粒为模板,经PCR扩增后连接pMD 18-T栽体,经测序鉴定正确后,EcoR Ⅰ/Nde Ⅰ双酶切获得目的基因MBP,克隆入经同样双酶切的酵母栽体pGBKT7,转化酵母菌株AH109及Y187,检测其自激活以及毒性.结果显示,成功扩增出盐藻MBP基因,重组质粒pGBKT7-MBP经酶切、测序表明序列正确,转化酵母菌株无自激活,无毒性. 相似文献
938.
939.
黑卷尾繁殖期领域性的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
鸟类的领域性是鸟类行为生态学研究的一个重要内容。在这方面国外进展很快,但国内工作较少,专文报道除三宝鸟之外,其它颇为罕见。1987年夏季,我们在太原市南郊对该地区的夏候鸟黑卷尾(Dicrurus macrocercus)的领域行为进行了观测。现将资料整理分析如下。一、工作区与工作方法太原盆地的自然环境和鸟类群落状况已有报道,在此不再赘述。工作区选在小马—加节两村之间约190ha的区域内(图1)。其 相似文献
940.
Jian Huang Ding Tang Yi Shen Baoxiang Qin Lilan Hong Aiqing You Ming Li Xin Wang Hengxiu Yu Minghong Gu Zhukuan Cheng 《遗传学报》2010,37(1):23-36
Gibberellin (GA) 2-oxidase plays a key role in the GA catabolic pathway through 2β-hydroxylation.In the present study,we isolated a CaMV 35S-enhancer activation tagged mutant,H032.This mutant exhibited a dominant dwarf and GA-deficient phenotype,with a final stature that was less than half of its wild-type counterpart.The endogenous bioactive GAs are markedly decreased in the H032 mutant,and application of bioactive GAs (GA3 or GA4) can reverse the dwarf phenotype.The integrated T-DNA was detected 12.8 kb upstream of the OsGA2ox6 in the H032 genome by TAIL-PCR.An increased level of OsGA2ox6 mRNA was detected at a high level in the H032 mutant,which might be due to the enhancer role of the CaMV 35S promoter.RNAi and ectopic expression analysis of OsGA2ox6 indicated that the dwarf trait and the decreased levels of bioactive GAs in the H032 mutant were a result of the up-regulation of the OsGA2ox6 gene.BLASTP analysis revealed that OsGA2ox6 belongs to the class III of GA 2-oxidases,which is a novel type of GA2ox that uses C20-GAs (GA12 and/or GA53) as the substrates.Interestingly,we found that a GA biosynthesis inhibitor,paclobutrazol,positively regulated the OsGA2ox6 gene.Unlike the over-expression of OsGA2ox1,which led to a high rate of seed abortion,the H032 mutant retained normal flowering and seed production.These results indicate that OsGA2ox6 mainly affects plant stature,and the dominant dwarf trait of the H032 mutant can be used as an efficient dwarf resource in rice breeding. 相似文献