锌转运体ZNT7在Alzheimer病动物模型APP/PS1转基因鼠脑内的表达

目的研究阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer disease,AD）模型小鼠APP/PS1转基因小鼠脑内锌转运体ZNT7的分布和表达,探讨ZNT7参与Aβ老年斑形成的机理。方法应用免疫组织化学染色观察ZNT7在脑内分布情况,应用Western Blot方法分析ZNT7在APP/PS1转基因小鼠大脑内的表达。结果ZNT7免疫阳性反应产物主要分布在APP/PS1转基因小鼠大脑皮层、纹状体和海马的老年斑内,强阳性的ZNT7免疫产物定位于老年斑的核心。Western Blot分析结果表明ZNT7在APP/PS1转基因小鼠大脑内的表达明显高于野生型小鼠。结论ZNT7在APP/PS1转基因小鼠大脑内的高表达以及在Aβ老年斑的定位,提示ZNT7可能参与了锌离子在老年斑内的聚集,进而参与了APP/PS1转基因小鼠大脑内老年斑的形成。     

Involvement of insulin in early development of mouse one-cell stage embryos

Recent studies have suggested that growth factors and hormones play important roles in cell prolif-eration and differentiation during early embryonic development. In the present study, we examined the expression and localization of insulin in the mouse oocytes and one-cell stage embryos by quantitative ELISA, RT-PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence. In the mouse oocytes and one-cell stage em-bryos, expression of insulin was uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm. We also examined the expres-sion, activity and localization of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and p70S6K. The expression of mTOR and p70S6K was not significantly different at the cell cycle of mouse one-cell stage embryos. mTOR and S6K were distributed evenly in the cytoplasm at G1, G2 and M phase phase, but at S phase, the distribution of mTOR and S6K was around the pronucleus. At different phases, the activity of mTOR fluctuated. We also used the PI3K specific inhibitor-Wortmannin to investigate the cleavage rate of eggs. The result showed that the rate obviously decreased. When the mTOR specific inhibitor Rapa-mycin was used, the first mitotic division of the mouse one-cell stage embryo was delayed. These re-sults suggested that insulin was expressed both in mouse oocytes and one-cell stage embryos, and may play functional roles in regulation of mouse early embryogenesis by activating the signal pathway of PI3K/PKB/mTOR/S6K.     

中国红■属研究及新种记述(蜻蜓目,■科)

系统记述了红■属Pyrrhosoma Charpentier的研究历史,明确了本属的属征,描述了中国的种类,并确定一个采自中国云南省的新种Pyrrhosoma latiloba sp.nov.,模式标本保存于南开大学生命科学学院昆虫学研究所昆虫标本室。     

二苯乙烯苷通过抑制NF-κB的激活减轻MPP＋诱导的PC12细胞凋亡

目的：探讨2,3,5,4＇-四羟基二苯乙烯-2-o-β-D-葡萄糖苷（2,3,5,4＇-tetrahydroxystibene-2-o-β-D-glucoside,TSG）对1-甲基-4-苯基吡啶离子（1-methy-4-phenylpyridinium,MPP＋）诱导PC12细胞凋亡的影响及其可能机制。方法：四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）比色试验检测PC12细胞活性;Hoechst33258染色法测定细胞凋亡;Westernblotting检测NF-κB（P65）和IκBα蛋白的表达。结果：MPP＋（300μmol/L）作用于PC12细胞24h后,与正常对照组比较,细胞存活率降低（53.3±3.4%）（P〈0.01）;细胞染色质固缩,细胞核呈致密浓染。TSG（1,5,10μmol/L）预处理24h后,细胞存活率增加（60.8±1.9%）,（70.1±1.8%）（P〈0.01）,（81.2±1.9%）（P〈0.01）;细胞核凝聚明显减少,且具有量一效关系。另外,MPP＋可使PC12细胞核中NF-κB（P65）蛋白表达升高,细胞浆中IκBα蛋白表达降低;与MPP＋处理组细胞相比,TSG预处理后,PC12细胞核中高表达的NF-κB（P65）蛋白水平明显降低,细胞浆中低表达的IκBα蛋白水平升高。结论：TSG对MPP＋诱导的PC12细胞凋亡具有浓度依赖性的抑制作用,其作用机制可能与抑制NF-κB的激活有关。     

Fatal outcome of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection is associated with immunopathology and impaired lung repair, not enhanced viral burden, in pregnant mice

Pandemic A (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus (pH1N1) infection in pregnant women can be severe. The mechanisms that affect infection outcome in this population are not well understood. To address this, pregnant and nonpregnant BALB/c mice were inoculated with the wild-type pH1N1 strain A/California/04/09. To determine whether innate immune responses are associated with severe infection, we measured the innate cells trafficking into the lungs of pregnant versus nonpregnant animals. Increased infiltration of pulmonary neutrophils and macrophages strongly correlated with an elevated mortality in pregnant mice. In agreement with this, the product of nitric oxide (nitrite) and several cytokines associated with recruitment and/or function of these cells were increased in the lungs of pregnant animals. Surprisingly, increased mortality in pregnant mice was not associated with higher virus load because equivalent virus titers and immunohistochemical staining were observed in the nasal cavities or lungs of all mice. To determine whether exacerbated inflammatory responses and elevated cellularity resulted in lung injury, epithelial regeneration was measured. The lungs of pregnant mice exhibited reduced epithelial regeneration, suggesting impaired lung repair. Despite these immunologic alterations, pregnant animals demonstrated equivalent percentages of pulmonary influenza virus-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes, although they displayed elevated levels of T-regulator lymphocytes (Tregs) in the lung. Also, pregnant mice mounted equal antibody titers in response to virus or immunization with a monovalent inactivated pH1N1 A/California/07/09 vaccine. Therefore, immunopathology likely caused by elevated cellular recruitment is an implicated mechanism of severe pH1N1 infection in pregnant mice.     

EB病毒潜伏膜蛋白1在鼻咽癌细胞中通过ERK介导Ets-1表达

为了探讨EB病毒编码的潜伏膜蛋白1(LMP1)对核转录因子Ets-1表达和活化的影响,并证实细胞外信号调节激酶1/2（ERK1/2）参与了该过程,选用可调控表达LMP1的鼻咽癌细胞系L7,应用蛋白质印迹法检测Ets-1、p-ERK蛋白质表达,免疫共沉淀-蛋白质印迹法检测Ets-1磷酸化状态,使用ERK1/2特异性小分子阻断物PD98059作用后,蛋白质印迹法检测p-ERK、Ets-1表达及磷酸化变化.结果显示：在L7细胞中诱导性LMP1可促进p-ERK、Ets-1蛋白质表达及其苏氨酸残基磷酸化,在一定范围呈时间和剂量效应;通过PD98059对诱导性LMP1作用的干预发现,p-ERK大部分表达被阻断,而Ets-1表达及其苏氨酸磷酸化也被部分阻断,以上结果提示ERK部分介导了LMP1诱导Ets-1表达和活化.     

家蚕感染蛹虫草后的生理生化变化

蛹虫草分生孢子侵染5龄家蚕Bombyx mori后,家蚕血淋巴中总糖、海藻糖、蛋白质和甘油酯含量均有不同程度的下降,其中甘油酯含量下降最为明显。海藻糖酶活性在侵染初期也明显降低。接种后家蚕体内的保护酶超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性也有较大变化,其中超氧化物歧化酶活性上升最为明显,在4日内由441.841 U/mL升至601.255 U/mL。