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971.
The human RNA-activated protein kinase PKR is an interferon-induced protein that is part of the innate immune response and inhibits viral replication. The action of PKR involves RNA-dependent autophosphorylation leading to inhibition of translation. PKR has an N-terminal dsRNA-binding domain that can interact non-sequence specifically with long (>33 bp) stretches of dsRNA leading to activation. In addition, certain viral and cellular RNAs containing non-Watson-Crick structures and multiple, shorter dsRNA sections can regulate PKR. In an effort to identify novel binders and possible activators of PKR, we carried out selections on a partially structured dsRNA library using truncated and full-length versions of PKR. A library with 10(11) sequences was constructed and aptamers that bound to His6-tagged proteins were isolated. Characterization revealed a novel minimal RNA motif for activation of PKR with the following unified structural characteristics: a hairpin with a nonconserved imperfect 16-bp dsRNA stem flanked by 10-15-nt single-stranded tails, herein termed a "ss-dsRNA motif." Boundary experiments revealed that the single-stranded tails flanking the dsRNA core provide the critical determinant for activation. The ss-dsRNA motif occurs in a variety of cellular and viral RNAs, suggesting possible novel functions for PKR in nature. 相似文献
972.
The AAA ATPase Cdc48/p97 together with its adaptors, Ufd1-Npl4, regulate membrane-related functions and mitotic spindle disassembly by directly binding to membrane-associated proteins or spindle assembly factors, modulating their interactions with membranes or spindles, respectively. Here, we discuss the possibility that the Cdc48/ p97-Ufd1-Npl4 complex has a more general role in mediating morphological transitions as the cell exits mitosis and enters G(1). 相似文献
973.
974.
Statins are competitive inhibitors of HMG-CoAreductase, which is the major rate-limiting enzyme thatcontrols the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid[1]. Mevalonate derived intermediates, such as isoprenoid,farnyesylpyrophosphate and geranylpyrophosphate, serveas important lipid attachments for the posttranslationalmodification of a variety of proteins such as small GTP-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho superfamily involvedin intracellular signaling [2]. Therefore, apart from the we… 相似文献
975.
976.
Legembre P Barnhart BC Zheng L Vijayan S Straus SE Puck J Dale JK Lenardo M Peter ME 《EMBO reports》2004,5(11):1084-1089
Mutations in the death domain of the death receptor CD95 (APO-1/Fas) cause lymphoproliferation and autoimmune disease in both lpr(cg) mice and in patients with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) type Ia. By testing lymphocytes from ALPS type Ia patients, comparing heterozygous with homozygous lpr(cg) mice and coexpressing wild-type and mutant CD95 receptors, we demonstrate that induction of apoptosis requires two wild-type alleles of CD95. By contrast, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) can be fully activated in cells expressing both a mutant and a wild-type CD95 allele, suggesting different thresholds to activate the two signalling pathways. This was confirmed by testing lymphocytes from heterozygous lpr mice, which showed reduced sensitivity to CD95-mediated apoptosis but normal activation of NF-kappaB when compared with wild-type mice. Mutations in CD95 may eliminate the tumour-suppressive function of CD95, at the same time allowing induction of survival or proliferative pathways, which could contribute to the increased risk for lymphoma seen in ALPS type Ia patients. 相似文献
977.
978.
Ampasala DR Zheng SC Retnakaran A Krell PJ Arif BM Feng QL 《Insect biochemistry and molecular biology》2004,34(5):493-500
A spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) transferrin cDNA (CfTf) was isolated and cloned from a cDNA library that was constructed using mRNA from fifth to sixth instar larvae. CfTf cDNA encoded a predicted protein of 681 amino acids with a molecular mass of approximately 76 kDa. CfTf shared 72% and 74% identities at the amino acid level with transferrins of Manduca sexta and Bombyx mori, respectively. Like other transferrins, CfTf retains most of the N-terminal, iron-binding amino acid residues. Northern blot analyses indicated that CfTf mRNA was present at high levels after ecdysis, but that the expression level was low prior to ecdysis at the fourth-sixth instar stages. The highest level of CfTf expression was detected in the fat body. Relatively low levels of expression were detected in the epidermis and no expression was found in the midgut. Expression of CfTf mRNA could be induced by bacteria but not fungi. Expression of CfTf mRNA was suppressed by iron load. 相似文献
979.
目的 :急性强直电刺激右侧后背HPC诱导双侧HPC癫痫电网络形成的细胞机制。方法 :强直电刺激 (6 0Hz,2s,0 .4~ 0 .6mA)大鼠右后背HPCCA1基树突区 ,每隔 10min刺激一次 ,施加 10个刺激串。结果 :①分别抑制双侧CA1神经元单位放电频率 ,对侧的抑制效应更明显 (对侧 :6 2 .94 %± 3.6 8% ;同侧 :36 .6 1%± 3.14 % ,P <0 .0 1) ,出现抑制后爆发式放电。随着刺激串数的增加 ,抑制作用逐渐减弱。②同步原发性网络和单位后放电 ,以同侧CA1多见 (P<0 .0 1)。③ 90Hz或 12 0Hz原发性或继发性网络后放电仅仅累及同侧CA1。④对侧CA3基树突区网络与下托神经元单位放电出现同步继发性后放电 ,反复发作 ,持续约数小时。结论 :电刺激诱导的对侧HPC抑制后爆发式放电和长时程、反复发作的网络与单个神经元同步继发性后放电可能是跨半球癫痫网络形成的重要表现形式。 相似文献