全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5627篇 |
免费 | 432篇 |
国内免费 | 362篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 8篇 |
2023年 | 61篇 |
2022年 | 137篇 |
2021年 | 286篇 |
2020年 | 203篇 |
2019年 | 232篇 |
2018年 | 220篇 |
2017年 | 186篇 |
2016年 | 279篇 |
2015年 | 358篇 |
2014年 | 444篇 |
2013年 | 454篇 |
2012年 | 479篇 |
2011年 | 428篇 |
2010年 | 259篇 |
2009年 | 226篇 |
2008年 | 274篇 |
2007年 | 232篇 |
2006年 | 172篇 |
2005年 | 129篇 |
2004年 | 138篇 |
2003年 | 124篇 |
2002年 | 113篇 |
2001年 | 98篇 |
2000年 | 89篇 |
1999年 | 92篇 |
1998年 | 63篇 |
1997年 | 61篇 |
1996年 | 39篇 |
1995年 | 52篇 |
1994年 | 55篇 |
1993年 | 53篇 |
1992年 | 67篇 |
1991年 | 48篇 |
1990年 | 34篇 |
1989年 | 29篇 |
1988年 | 28篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 18篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有6421条查询结果,搜索用时 281 毫秒
911.
动物的食物选择受食物资源量、质量和喜好度决定。尽管放牧可减少鼠类的喜食植物的数量和质量,但其如何影响鼠类的食物选择尚不清楚。本研究于2014年5月至10月,在内蒙古锡林郭勒盟锡林浩特市毛登牧场的大型试验围栏内进行了布氏田鼠的食物选择实验。利用大型实验围栏内5年连续放牧处理所构建的植被变化条件,采用扣笼试验,调查了布氏田鼠对其三种主要植物的取食情况。研究发现:连续放牧后,糙隐子草的盖度增加,而羊草、克氏针茅盖度降低;糙隐子草的盖度显著高于羊草、克氏针茅,成为各季节的优势植物种类。放牧对布氏田鼠取食羊草、克氏针茅和糙隐子草的绝对取食频次均无显著影响。在季节上,布氏田鼠对克氏针茅和糙隐子草的取食在三个季节均无差异,但布氏田鼠对羊草取食的绝对频次夏季显著高于春季和秋季;布氏田鼠对三种植物的喜好程度依次为羊草>克氏针茅>糙隐子草,但季节和放牧因素对布氏田鼠对这三种植物的喜好度无显著影响。结果表明,布氏田鼠的食物选择及食物组成相对稳定,表现为其对放牧或季节因素造成的喜食植物资源量的变化具有很好的适应性,推测是其调整取食努力来实现食物组成的平衡。 相似文献
912.
913.
914.
915.
Chemical synapses are asymmetric intercellular junctions through which neurons send nerve impulses to communicate with other neurons or excitable cells. The appropriate formation of synapses, both spatially and temporally, is essential for brain function and depends on the intercellular protein-protein interactions of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) at synaptic clefts. The CAM proteins link pre- and post-synaptic sites, and play essential roles in promoting synapse formation and maturation, maintaining synapse number and type, accumulating neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels, controlling neuronal differentiation, and even regulating synaptic plasticity directly. Alteration of the interactions of CAMs leads to structural and functional impairments, which results in many neurological disorders, such as autism, Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the functions of CAMs during development and in the mature neural system, as well as in the pathogenesis of some neurological disorders. Here, we review the function of the major classes of CAMs, and how dysfunction of CAMs relates to several neurological disorders. 相似文献
916.
Lu Sun Yu Zhang Bao Zhao Mengmeng Deng Jun Liu Xin Li Junwei Hou Mingming Gui Shuijun Zhang Xiaodong Li George F. Gao Songdong Meng 《蛋白质与细胞》2014,5(4):317
Cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) play a key role in the control of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and viral clearance. However, most of identified CTL epitopes are derived from HBV of genotypes A and D, and few have been defined in virus of genotypes B and C which are more prevalent in Asia. As HBV core protein (HBc) is the most conservative and immunogenic component, in this study we used an overlapping 9-mer peptide pool covering HBc to screen and identify specific CTL epitopes. An unconventional HLA-A2-restricted epitope HBc141–149 was discovered and structurally characterized by crystallization analysis. The immunogenicity and anti-HBV activity were further determined in HBV and HLAA2 transgenic mice. Finally, we show that mutations in HBc141–149 epitope are associated with viral parameters and disease progression in HBV infected patients. Our data therefore provide insights into the structure characteristics of this unconventional epitope binding to MHC-I molecules, as well as epitope specific CTL activity that orchestrate T cell response and immune evasion in HBV infected patients. 相似文献
917.
中国南方喀斯特荔波世界自然遗产地翼手目物种多样性与保护现状 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了解荔波世界自然遗产地翼手目动物的物种多样性和生存现状, 作者于2010年10月至2011年10月, 对中国南方喀斯特荔波世界自然遗产地区域内6个镇(乡)69个洞穴的翼手目动物进行了考察, 发现60个洞穴有翼手目动物栖息痕迹, 其中可以确定具体栖息物种的洞穴有37个。本次调查观察记录到翼手目动物10万余只, 隶属5科15种, 结合文献记载及贵州师范大学动物标本室保存的翼手目动物标本, 确认该地区共有翼手目动物7科24种。11种翼手目动物在荔波世界自然遗产地为首次记录, 其中狭耳鼠耳蝠(Myotis blythii)、果树蹄蝠(Hipposideros pomona)2种为贵州省翼手目新记录。该地区一些洞穴已被开发为旅游景点, 严重影响了洞穴内翼手目动物的生存, 翼手目动物保护状况令人担忧, 建议对翼手目动物栖息的洞穴采取必要的保护措施。 相似文献
918.
Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) plays important roles in tumor invasion and metastasis by degrading extracellular matrix components. Variations in the DNA sequence in the MMP-9 gene may lead to altered MMP-9 production and/or activity, and so this may modulate an individual's susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). To test this hypothesis, we investigated the association of the MMP-9 polymorphisms and their haplotypes with the risk of ESCC in a Chinese population. There were significant differences in the genotype and allele distribution of P574R polymorphism of the MMP-9 gene among cases and controls. The P574R GG genotypes were associated with a significantly increased risk of ESCC as compared with the CC genotypes (odds ratio [OR] = 4.08; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58-10.52; p = 0.00). Compared with 279R-574P haplotype, 279R-574R (OR = 3.52; 95% CI: 1.99-6.25) and 279Q-574P (OR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.07-4.35) haplotypes can increase the onset risk of ESCC statistically, but the role of 279R-574R haplotype is more obvious. MMP-9 P574R polymorphisms and P574R-R279Q haplotype are significantly associated with the risk of ESCC. Our study shows for the first time that MMP-9 gene P574R polymorphism may contribute to a genetic risk factor for ESCC in a Chinese population. 相似文献
919.
A novel type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) designated cucurmosin was isolated from the sarcocarp of Cucurbita moschata (pumpkin). Besides rRNA N-glycosidase activity, cucurmosin exhibits strong cytotoxicities to three cancer cell lines of both human and murine origins, but low toxicity to normal cells. Plant genomic DNA extracted from the tender leaves was amplified by PCR between primers based on the N-terminal sequence and X-ray sequence of the C-terminal. The complete mature protein sequence was obtained from N-terminal protein sequencing and partial DNA sequencing, confirmed by high resolution crystal structure analysis. The crystal structure of cucurmosin has been determined at 1.04A, a resolution that has never been achieved before for any RIP. The structure contains two domains: a large N-terminal domain composed of seven alpha-helices and eight beta-strands, and a smaller C-terminal domain consisting of three alpha-helices and two beta-strands. The high resolution structure established a glycosylation pattern of GlcNAc(2)Man(3)Xyl. Asn225 was identified as a glycosylation site. Residues Tyr70, Tyr109, Glu158 and Arg161 define the active site of cucurmosin as an RNA N-glycosidase. The structural basis of cytotoxicity difference between cucurmosin and trichosanthin is discussed. 相似文献
920.
The great shortage of human hepatic cells makes it desirable to generate extrahepatic stem or precursor cells. In recent years, it has been reported that human multipotential mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells. The fetal lung is one of the largest organs containing many MSCs that can be easily obtained. Whether MSCs from fetal lung can differentiate into hepatocytes or bile duct cells is an important issue in basic medicine and clinical application. We isolated fetal lung cells, and expanded and analyzed them. At passage 4, their morphologic, immunophenotyping and cytokine secretions were similar to adult bone marrow-derived MSCs. We conclude that these cells from fetal lung are MSCs, indicating that human fetal lung is an ideal source of hMSCs. hMSCs from fetal lung induced in special differentiation medium showed homogeneous and small polygonal endothelial-like morphology, expressing weak mRNA, as well as Alb and AFP. This implies that hMSCs from fetal lung can differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells. 相似文献