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Formation of the IGF1R/CAV1/SRC tri‐complex antagonizes TRAIL‐induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells 下载免费PDF全文
95.
Hongyu Li Qian Bu Bo Chen Xue Shao Zhengtao Hu Pengchi Deng Lei Lv Yi Deng Ruiming Zhu Yan Li Baolai Zhang Jing Hou Changman Du Qian Zhao Dengqi Fu Yinglan Zhao Xiaobo Cen 《PloS one》2014,9(1)
Nicotine, one of the most commonly used drugs, has become a major concern because tobacco serves as a gateway drug and is linked to illicit drug abuse, such as cocaine and marijuana. However, previous studies mainly focused on certain genes or neurotransmitters which have already been known to participate in drug addiction, lacking endogenous metabolic profiling in a global view. To further explore the mechanism by which nicotine modifies the response to cocaine, we developed two conditioned place preference (CPP) models in mice. In threshold dose model, mice were pretreated with nicotine, followed by cocaine treatment at the dose of 2 mg/kg, a threshold dose of cocaine to induce CPP in mice. In high-dose model, mice were only treated with 20 mg/kg cocaine, which induced a significant CPP. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance based on metabonomics was used to investigate metabolic profiles of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and striatum. We found that nicotine pretreatment dramatically increased CPP induced by 2 mg/kg cocaine, which was similar to 20 mg/kg cocaine-induced CPP. Interestingly, metabolic profiles showed considerable overlap between these two models. These overlapped metabolites mainly included neurotransmitters as well as the molecules participating in energy homeostasis and cellular metabolism. Our results show that the reinforcing effect of nicotine on behavioral response to cocaine may attribute to the modification of some specific metabolites in NAc and striatum, thus creating a favorable metabolic environment for enhancing conditioned rewarding effect of cocaine. Our findings provide an insight into the effect of cigarette smoking on cocaine dependence and the underlying mechanism. 相似文献
96.
大鼠隔区接受海马一氧化氮合酶(NOS)阳性神经元的投射 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的逆行追踪大鼠海马NOS阳性神经元向隔区的投射。方法用HRP逆行追踪与NADPH-d组化方法相结合进行研究。结果背、腹、后海马均有NOS阳性神经元投射至隔区各亚细胞群,后海马NOS阳性神经元向隔外侧核(sl)、隔三角核和隔伞核(ts,sf)的投射量,占后海马至隔外侧核、隔三角核和隔伞核投射量的80%左右。结论大鼠隔区接受海马NOS神经元的投射。 相似文献
97.
In order to find novel antitumor candidate agents with high efficiency and low toxicity, 14 novel substituted 5‐anilino‐α‐glucofuranose derivatives have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activities in vitro. Their structures were characterized by NMR (1H and 13C) and HR‐MS, and configuration (R/S) at C(5) was identified by two‐dimensional 1H,1H‐NOESY‐NMR spectrum. Their antiproliferative activities against human tumor cells were investigated by MTT assay. The results demonstrated that most of the synthesized compounds had antiproliferative effects comparable to the reference drugs gefitinib and lapatinib. In particular, (5R)‐5‐O‐(3‐chloro‐4‐{[5‐(4‐fluorophenyl)thiophen‐2‐yl]methyl}anilino)‐5‐deoxy‐1,2‐O‐(1‐methylethylidene)‐α‐glucofuranose ( 9da ) showed the most potent antiproliferative effects against SW480, A431 and A549 cells, with IC50 values of 8.57, 5.15 and 15.24 μm , respectively. This work suggested 5‐anilino‐α‐glucofuranose as an antitumor core structure that may open a new way to develop more potent anti‐cancer agents. 相似文献
98.
Genome-wide identification and phylogenetic analysis of Family-1 UDP glycosyltransferases in maize (Zea mays) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Family-1 UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs) from plants transfer sugar moieties from activated sugar donors to a wide range of small molecules, and control many metabolic processes during plant growth and development. Here, we report a genome-wide analysis of maize that identified 147 Family-1 glycosyltransferases based on their conserved PSPG motifs. Phylogenetic analysis of these genes with 18 Arabidopsis UGTs and two rice UGTs clustered them into 17 groups (A–Q). The patterns of intron gain/loss events, as well as their positions within UGTs from the same group, further aided elucidation of their divergence and evolutionary relationships between UGTs. Expression analysis of the maize UGT genes using both online microarray data and quantitative real-time PCR verification indicates that UGT genes are widely expressed in various tissues and likely play important roles in plant growth and development. Our study provides useful information on the Family-1 UGTs in maize, and will facilitate their further characterization to better understand their functions. 相似文献
99.
Genome dynamics and diversity of Shigella species, the etiologic agents of bacillary dysentery 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yang F Yang J Zhang X Chen L Jiang Y Yan Y Tang X Wang J Xiong Z Dong J Xue Y Zhu Y Xu X Sun L Chen S Nie H Peng J Xu J Wang Y Yuan Z Wen Y Yao Z Shen Y Qiang B Hou Y Yu J Jin Q 《Nucleic acids research》2005,33(19):6445-6458
The Shigella bacteria cause bacillary dysentery, which remains a significant threat to public health. The genus status and species classification appear no longer valid, as compelling evidence indicates that Shigella, as well as enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, are derived from multiple origins of E.coli and form a single pathovar. Nevertheless, Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 causes deadly epidemics but Shigella boydii is restricted to the Indian subcontinent, while Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei are prevalent in developing and developed countries respectively. To begin to explain these distinctive epidemiological and pathological features at the genome level, we have carried out comparative genomics on four representative strains. Each of the Shigella genomes includes a virulence plasmid that encodes conserved primary virulence determinants. The Shigella chromosomes share most of their genes with that of E.coli K12 strain MG1655, but each has over 200 pseudogenes, 300 approximately 700 copies of insertion sequence (IS) elements, and numerous deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions. There is extensive diversity of putative virulence genes, mostly acquired via bacteriophage-mediated lateral gene transfer. Hence, via convergent evolution involving gain and loss of functions, through bacteriophage-mediated gene acquisition, IS-mediated DNA rearrangements and formation of pseudogenes, the Shigella spp. became highly specific human pathogens with variable epidemiological and pathological features. 相似文献
100.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on growth performance, apparent ileal digestibilities (AID) of amino acids (AA), and their serum concentrations
in early weaned piglets. In Exp. 1, 60 pigs were weaned at 21 days of age (BW 7.35 ± 0.23 kg) and allocated to three treatments
(20 pigs/treatment), representing supplementing 0.0% (control), 0.02% colistin (antibiotic), or 0.1% APS to a corn- and soybean
meal-based diet. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed/gain ratio (F/G) were measured weekly.
Blood samples were obtained from five pigs selected randomly from each treatment for the measurement of serum free AA concentrations
on days 7, 14, and 28. In Exp. 2, 12 pigs were weaned at 21 day of age (BW 7.64 ± 0.71 kg), assigned to three treatment groups
as in Exp. 1, and surgically fitted with a simple T-cannula at the terminal ileum. Ileal digesta samples were obtained for
the measurement of AID of AA on days 7, 14 and 28. Dietary APS did not affect ADFI, but enhanced (P < 0.05) ADG by 11 and 4.4%, and improved F/G by 5.6 and 8.4%, respectively, compared with the control and antibiotic groups.
Addition of APS to the diet increased AID and serum concentrations of most nutritionally essential and non-essential AA (including
arginine, proline, glutamate, lysine, methionine, tryptophan, and threonine) on days 14 and 28. Circulating levels of total
AA were affected by the age of pigs and treatment × time interaction. Collectively, these findings indicate that APS may ameliorate
the digestive and absorptive function and regulate AA metabolism to beneficially increase the entry of dietary AA into the
systemic circulation, which provide a mechanism to explain the growth-promoting effect of APS in early weaned piglets. 相似文献