Epstein–Barr virus noncoding RNAs from the extracellular vesicles of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells promote angiogenesis via TLR3/RIG-I-mediated VCAM-1 expression

Viral noncoding RNAs (Epstein–Barr virus-encoded RNAs, EBERs) are believed to play a critical role in the progression of lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the accurate mechanisms accounting for their oncogenic function have not been elucidated, especially in terms of interaction between tumor cells and mesenchymal cells. Here, we report that, in addition to NPC cells, EBERs are also found in endothelial cells in Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-infected NPC parenchymal tissues, which implicates NPC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in transmitting EBERs to endothelial cells. In support of this hypothesis, we first ascertained if EBERs could be transferred to endothelial cells via EVs isolated from NPC culture supernatant. Then, we clarified that EVs-derived EBERs could promote angiogenesis through stimulation of VCAM-1 expression. Finally, we explored the involvement of EBER recognition by TLR3 and RIG-I in NPC angiogenesis. Our observations collectively illustrate the significance and mechanism of EVs-derived EBERs in angiogenesis and underlie the interaction mechanisms between EBV-infected NPC cells and the tumor microenvironment.     

MicroRNA-26b/PTEN Signaling Pathway Mediates Glycine-Induced Neuroprotection in SAH Injury

Neurochemical Research - Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a form of stroke associated with high mortality and morbidity. Despite advances in treatment for SAH, the prognosis remains poor. We have...     

Albumin uptake and distribution in the zebrafish liver as observed via correlative imaging

Although liver transport routes have been extensively studied in rodents, live imaging under in situ and in vivo conditions of large volumes is still proven to be difficult. In this study, we took advantage of the optical transparency of zebrafish and their small size to explore their usefulness for correlative imaging studies and liver transport experimentations. First, we assessed the micro-architecture of the zebrafish liver and compared its fine structure to the rodent and humans’ literature. Next, we investigated the transport routes and cellular distribution of albumin using combined and correlative microscopy approaches. These methods permitted us to track the injected proteins at different time points through the process of liver uptake and clearance of albumin.We demonstrate strong structural and functional resemblance between the zebrafish liver and its rodents and humans’ counterparts. In as short as 5?min post-injection, albumin rapidly accumulated within the LSECs. Furthermore, albumin entered the space of Disse where it initially accumulated then subsequently was taken up by the hepatocytes. We propose the zebrafish as a viable alternative experimental model for hepatic transport studies, allowing swift multimodal imaging and direct quantification on the hepatic distribution of supramolecular complexes of interest.     

Exosomes derived from cardiac parasympathetic ganglionic neurons inhibit apoptosis in hyperglycemic cardiomyoblasts

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - Preadipocyte migration is a fundamental and important process for the development of tissue organization, especially in the development of primitive adipose...     

Shelter availability reduces the effects of the invasive Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) on eelgrass-dominated clear-water lakes: a mesocosm approach

Hydrobiologia - Shelter availability is one of the key features governing crayfish habitat quality. It can directly influence crayfish’s individual survival of by lowering the risk of...     

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles prevent glioma by blocking M2 polarization of macrophages through a miR-744-5p/TGFB1-dependent mechanism

Cell Biology and Toxicology - Our current study is conducted with intention to explore the regulatory mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicle (EV)-miR-744-5p in...     

miR-4286 is Involved in Connections Between IGF-1 and TGF-β Signaling for the Mesenchymal Transition and Invasion by Glioblastomas

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signal pathways are both recognized as important in regulating cancer...