DLGAP1-AS2 promotes human colorectal cancer progression through trans-activation of Myc

Mammalian Genome - Substantial evidence suggests that non-coding RNA plays a vital role in human cancer, especially long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) with a length greater than 200nt. Herein, we found a...     

亚热带天然常绿阔叶林林下9种灌木细根形态和C、N化学计量特征

林下灌木是亚热带常绿阔叶林重要的构成部分,但林下灌木细根功能性状变异规律及地下生态策略仍不清楚。以福建建瓯万木林自然保护区内9种灌木为研究对象,对细根直径、根长、比根长、组织密度、碳浓度和氮浓度6个细根性状进行研究,采用序级划分法,分析不同树种细根性状序级间的变化特征、常绿和落叶灌木细根性状之间的差异,不同序级细根性状之间的关系以及细根性状变异维度。结果表明:树种和序级对9种灌木细根形态和化学性质有显著影响。直径、根长、根组织密度随着序级的增加而逐渐增加,比根长和氮浓度逐渐减小,碳浓度在序级间的变化趋势不一,未表现出明显的规律。落叶灌木细根直径、根长和氮浓度均显著高于常绿灌木,碳浓度和组织密度显著低于常绿灌木,表明与常绿灌木相比落叶灌木更偏向于资源获取型生态策略,常绿灌木则更偏向于保守型策略。灌木细根在不同序级间的直径与比根长、组织密度,氮浓度与组织密度有较强的相关性,细根其他性状间的关系并不密切或因序级而异。主成分分析结果表明灌木细根性状变异沿一个主成分轴发生变异,该轴表示灌木细根的资源获取和保守的权衡策略。     

Effect of dietary fish oil replacement with palm oil on growth performance,hematology and liver anti‐oxidative enzymes of juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846)

A 60‐day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary palm oil supplements on growth performances, hematology, liver anti‐oxidative enzymes and air exposure resistance of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (initial weights 2.56 ± 0.01 g). Five diets were tested wherein the dietary fish oil was replaced by palm oil at: 0% (Control), 20% (20%), 40% (40%), 50% (50%) and 60% (60%). After the feeding trial, the 20% dietary palm oil was shown to provide similar growth rates and feed efficiency with no negative effects compared to the control group (P > 0.05). Significantly lower growth rates and feed utilization were found in fish fed higher than 40% palm oil in the diet (P < 0.05). Except for total serum protein, the blood parameters, liver anti‐oxidative enzymes, stress resistance and proximate compositions of Japanese flounder were not altered, even with dietary palm oil up to 60% of the lipid source (P > 0.05). According to the present results, palm oil is a valuable lipid source substitute in Japanese flounder diets; around 20–40% fish oil can be replaced with palm oil with no negative effects.     

Steroid Hydroxylation by Basidiomycete Peroxygenases: a Combined Experimental and Computational Study

The goal of this study is the selective oxyfunctionalization of steroids under mild and environmentally friendly conditions using fungal enzymes. With this purpose, peroxygenases from three basidiomycete species were tested for the hydroxylation of a variety of steroidal compounds, using H₂O₂ as the only cosubstrate. Two of them are wild-type enzymes from Agrocybe aegerita and Marasmius rotula, and the third one is a recombinant enzyme from Coprinopsis cinerea. The enzymatic reactions on free and esterified sterols, steroid hydrocarbons, and ketones were monitored by gas chromatography, and the products were identified by mass spectrometry. Hydroxylation at the side chain over the steroidal rings was preferred, with the 25-hydroxyderivatives predominating. Interestingly, antiviral and other biological activities of 25-hydroxycholesterol have been reported recently (M. Blanc et al., Immunity 38:106–118, 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2012.11.004). However, hydroxylation in the ring moiety and terminal hydroxylation at the side chain also was observed in some steroids, the former favored by the absence of oxygenated groups at C-3 and by the presence of conjugated double bonds in the rings. To understand the yield and selectivity differences between the different steroids, a computational study was performed using Protein Energy Landscape Exploration (PELE) software for dynamic ligand diffusion. These simulations showed that the active-site geometry and hydrophobicity favors the entrance of the steroid side chain, while the entrance of the ring is energetically penalized. Also, a direct correlation between the conversion rate and the side chain entrance ratio could be established that explains the various reaction yields observed.