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21.
毒黄素对黄嘌呤氧化酶作用的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用从椰毒假单胞菌(Pseudomona cocovenenans)中所分离提取的毒黄素(toxoflavin)对黄嘌呤氧化酶(EC.1、2 3、2)作用的动力学试验表明,毒黄素是此酶的非必需激活剂,而且对以次黄嘌呤为底物的反应的激活作用明显高于以黄嘌呤为底物的反应。此激活作用属于部分混合型。这一结果为探寻毒黄素对人体的致毒机理提供了一条重要线索。 相似文献
22.
Gauthier Janel Lacroix Renée Coté Alain Doyon Julien Drolet Michel 《Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback》1985,10(2):139-159
In order to assess the relative effectiveness of finger warming and temporal blood volume pulse reduction biofeedback in the treatment of migraine, 22 female migraine patients were assigned to one of three experimental conditions: temporal artery constriction feedback, finger temperature feedback, or waiting list. Biofeedback training consisted of 12 sessions over a 6-week period. All patients completed 5 weeks of daily self-monitoring of headache activity (frequency, duration, and intensity) and medication before and after treatment. Treatment credibility was assessed at the end of Sessions 1, 6, and 12. Results showed that temporal constriction and finger temperature biofeedback were equally effective in controlling migraine headaches and produced greater benefits than the waiting list condition. Power analyses indicated that very large sample sizes would have been required to detect any significant differences between the two treatment groups. No significant relationships were found between levels of therapeutic gains and levels of thermal or blood volume pulse self-regulation skills. Likewise, treatment outcome was not found to be related to treatment credibility. Further analyses revealed that changes in headache activity and medication were associated with changes in vasomotor variability. Because blood volume pulse variability was not significantly affected by biofeedback training, questions about its role in the therapeutic mechanism are raised.This research was supported in part by grants from the Quebec Ministry of Education and the Quebec Ministery of Social Affairs to the first author, and an award from the Medical Research Council of Canada to the second author. The authors are indebted to Drs. Frank Andrasik, Howard Barbaree, Edward Blanchard, Martin Ford, and Patrick McGrath, as well as to two anonymous reviewers, for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. 相似文献
23.
The vegetation succession on the dunes near Oostvoorne, The Netherlands has been followed by means of a novel combination of repeated large-scale vegetation mapping and air photograph interpretation. Vegetation units have been discerned on the formation level because these could be distinguished fairly easily on the photographs and because the rates of change are appropriate to the time interval chosen. Nineteen formations were distinguished. Five 1:6250 maps were constructed, reflecting the formation pattern in 1934, 1943, 1959, 1972 and 1980. An overlay with 2736 grid points at 25 m field distance was used to quantify changes in the formation pattern.The results suggest a pronounced multiple pathway succession with nevertheless three principal trajectories of succession from pioneer to woodland vegetation. The outer dunes, which have originated since 1910, are distinct in successional characteristics from the inner dunes, which already existed but were released from heavy grazing pressure in 1910. The rate of change in the outer dunes was high in the beginning and is slowly decreasing eversince. In the inner dunes it went the other way around. Through visual extrapolation the likely formation patterns in 1910 and in 2000 were estimated.Transition frequencies proved highly variable for most formations. Moreover, strong spatial dependence was found. Limitations in the use of Markov models in cases of long-term succession in heterogeneous environments are discussed.Nomenclature follows the same sources as in van der Maarel et al. (1984).Field work carried out 1980–1981 when the authors were at the Division of Geobotany, University of Nijmegen. We thank Jos Rijntjes, Nijmegen, for his cooperation in the field. Vegetation maps were prepared and calculations performed at Uppsala. We thank the Foundation Het Zuid-Hollands Landschap, Rotterdam, for providing facilities and a grant for fieldwork as well as additional means to reproduce the vegetation maps. Two reviewers gave useful comments. 相似文献
24.
Teresa de Sa E Melo Patrice Morlière Sonia Goldstein René Santus Louis Dubertret Dominique Lagrange 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1984,120(2):670-676
5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) binds to human serum low density lipoproteins (LDL) according to a two-step process. Scatchard analysis of the first step yields K = 1.4 × 105 M?1 and 4 binding sites. It involves the LDL apoprotein. The second step corresponds to a solubilization, in the lipidic core, of ? 45 molecules of 5MOP per LDL molecule. It is accompanied by a large blue shift of the 5MOP fluorescence. The ability of LDL to bind 5MOP and to carry it into various cells may explain some biological effects sometimes encountered during PUVA therapy. 相似文献
25.
A numerical algorithm has been developed for the estimation of the mechanical parameters of the human respiratory system. In order to estimate the pulmonary resistance and the dynamic pulmonary elastance, the transpulmonary pressure and the airflow at the mouth or nose are expanded in Chebyshev series. The nonlinear mathematical lung model and a set of measurements for airflow and pressure are then handled by the numerical technique. The lung model includes a component to account for turbulent flow in the larynx and trachea. This contribution presents an alternative method for lung parameter estimation and differs from most existing methods in that it does not need measurements for the tidal volume. It therefore eliminates the use of a body plethysmograph. The method may also find potential application to various other parameter identification problems. 相似文献
26.
27.
Redox titration of the electrochromic carotenoid band shift, detected at 50 μs after a saturating actinic flash, in spinach chloroplasts, shows that only one electron acceptor in Photosystem II participates in a transmembrane primary electron transfer. This species, the primary quinone acceptor, Q, shows only one midpoint potential (Em,7.5) of approx. 0 V and is undoubtedly equivalent to the fluorescence quencher, QH. A second titration wave is observed at low potential () and at greater than 3 ms after a saturating actinic flash. This wave has an action spectrum different from that of Photosystem II centers containing Q and could arise from a secondary but not primary electron transfer. A low-potential fluorescence quencher is observed in chloroplasts which largely disappears in a single saturating flash at ? 185 mV and which does not participate in a transmembrane electron transfer. This low-potential quencher (probably equivalent to fluorescence quencher, QL) and Q are altogether different species. Redox titration of C550 shows that if electron acceptor Qβ is indeed characterized by an Em,7 of + 120 mV, then this acceptor does not give rise to a C550 signal upon reduction and does not participate in a transmembrane electron transfer. This titration also shows that C550 is not associated with QL. 相似文献
28.
Henri Laudelout Pierre-Charles Simonart René van Droogenbroeck 《Archives of microbiology》1968,63(3):256-277
Summary Calorimetric estimates of the utilization efficiency of the free-energy derived from substrate oxidation by cell suspensions of two nitrifying bacteria, Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter, provided two ranges of values: 11 to 27% and 15 to 51%, respectively. About 15 to 30% of the utilized free-energy is used for driving endergonic reactions other than CO2 fixation, probably the synthesis of polyphosphates.The molar heat of substrate oxidation does not seem to be influenced by the age of cells harvested during growth or by the length of the incubation period during which cells have been kept in a buffer suspension in a starved condition. The loss of respiratory activity measured either by oxygen uptake or heat evolution in the presence of the specific substrate, nitrite or ammonium, decreases according to kinetics which are influenced by the aerobiosis of the suspension. The viability of the starved cells decreases in a way which is similar to that of the respiratory activity. It seemed impossible to obtain cells which had lost their viability but kept the ability to oxidize their substrate.Two inhibitors of the respiratory chain, quinacrine and cyanide, are without effect on the molar heat of substrate oxidation and consequently on the free-energy utilization efficiency. 2.4 dinitrophenol did decrease the rate of heat evolution during substrate oxidation at concentrations at which the rate of oxygen uptake was not depressed, with the consequences that free-energy efficiency was apparently increased. 相似文献
29.
René Molinier 《Plant Ecology》1959,8(5-6):340-383
Conclusions La Provence apparaît, en définitive, comme un territoire des plus variés aux divers points de vue climatique, édaphique, biotique.C'est une région d'autant plus favorable aux études phytosociologiques que la variété des milieux s'y double d'une brutalité souvent étonnante des contrastes, conduisant à la juxtaposition parfois extrêmement précise d'associations végétales très différentes, dont les limites peuvent alors être cartographiquement figurées avec une très suffisante exactitude.Cette vigueur des contrastes est surtout marquée en Provence calcaire où les divers termes des séries évolutives dérivant du Quercetum ilicis climacique ou y conduisant, se juxtaposent souvent sans transition de quelque importance.Les contrastes sont cependant moins accusés en Provence cristalline et dans la Basse-Vallée du Rhône.En Crau comme en Camargue, les associations végétales se juxtaposent souvent en ceintures parallèles ou concentriques — elles s'individualisent alors facilement —, souvent en mosaïques irrégulières, au grè des variations locales des deux facteurs déterminants: l'eau en Crau, le sel en Camargue.En Provence cristalline, les Maures étant surtout faites de roches se délitant facilement (grès, micaschistes et phyllades) sous un climat chaud et humide, le sol se reconstitue facilement après sa destruction partielle par l'érosion; les contrastes sont moins tranchés; on observe des transitions nombreuses entre les divers termes des séries évolutives, dont les limites ne peuvent être fixées qu'approximativement. Nous y avons notamment abordé le problème de la forêt de chêne-liège dont la signification est loin d'être connue, non seulement en Provence mais sur toute l'étendue de son aire, en Afrique du Nord, en Espagne, au Portugal, en France méridionale, en Italie et dans les Iles de la Méditerranée occidentale.En provence cristalline, il est certain que l'homme en a considérablement assuré l'extension, directement pour l'utilisation du liège, indirectement par la coupe et le feu, et, en bien des points de la Méditerranée occidentale, le chêne-liège se présente comme une essence cultivée.Par ailleurs rien ne permet de mettre en doute son indigénat. Mais, dans les conditions actuelles du milieu en Provence cristalline:le chêne vert est possible partout;dans les conditions naturelles de la concurrence vitale le chêne vert l'emporte sur le chêne-liège.Si, donc, la forêt originelle a comporté le chêne-liège, ce ne peut être qu'à l'état d'essence secondaire et seulement en quelques points où une faible couverture forestière lui permettait de cohabiter avec le chêne vert.Les documents cartographiques au I/20 000e tendent à montrer, d'aileurs que, dans les conditions naturelles de reconstitution de la forêt ou dans le peuplement naturel des sols neufs (Isthme de Giens), c'est la chênaie de chêne vert, non la chênaie de chêne-liège qui s'installe.Les grandes unités phytosociologiques de la Provence paraissent être maintenant convenablement définies floristiquement; il convient donc d'en poursuivre l'étude écologique, dont certains aspects seulement les plus apparents—mais peut-être pas toujours les plus actifs-, ont été abordés.Notons enfin la démonstration faite, au cours de l'excursion, de la parfaite application possible des méthodes phytosociologiques à l'étude des groupements marins et la nécessité, particulièrement apparente en milieu marin, de considérer tout autant les animaux que les végétaux. L'avenir est bien aux biocénoses dont les grands traits ont été mis en évidence, quant à la côte de la presqu'île de Giens, par Roger Molinier.Reçu par la rédaction le 20. XII. 1958.avec la collaboration de ROGER MOLINIER pour la partie marine et G. TALLON pour la Camargue. 相似文献
30.
Renée M. Borges 《Oecologia》1990,85(1):80-86
Summary The calcium ingestion of Malabar Giant Squirrels Ratufa indica (Sciuridae) was examined at two sites, Magod and Bhimashankar, in western India. In females at Magod a positive correlation was found between rates of calcium ingestion from food resources and the contribution of those resources to the daily diet. This relationship was true for all females at Magod irre-spective of their reproductive condition. This relationship was neither significant for males at the same site nor for both sexes at Bhimashankar. A differential requirement for calcium between the sexes and the occurrence of higher rates of calcium ingestion or the probable presence of more easily digestible calcium at Bhimashankar are postulated to explain the observed phenomenon. Mature leaves and bark appear to be reliable sources of calcium at these sites. 相似文献