Interactive Effects of Iron and Photoperiods on Tomato Plant Growth and Fruit Quality

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation - Photoperiod and micronutrient iron (Fe) are critical for plant growth and development. However, the interactive effects of Fe nutrition and photoperiod on...     

叶片阶段性白化小麦的叶绿体激发能分配和荧光动力学特征

叶片阶段性白化小麦是一种非常特殊的色素突变体。本文对其白色、白绿相嵌及转绿叶片的叶绿体光化活性分别进行了测定。试验表明：（１）白化和白绿相嵌叶片的叶绿体色素合成处于停滞阶段,转绿叶片则处于色素迅速合成阶段;（２）白化、白绿相嵌和转绿叶片叶绿体的激发能传递呈递增趋势;（３）三者对绿体的ＰＳⅡ活性和原初光能转化效率也呈递增趋势;（４）白化叶片叶绿体缺乏ＰＳⅠ和ＰＳⅡ外周天线色素蛋白,白绿相嵌和转绿叶片的类囊体膜多肽组分与正常叶片相近似。     

高温胁迫对光系统Ⅱ异质性的影响

高温胁迫可诱导光系统Ⅱ（ＰＳⅡ）活性中心转化为无活性中心。本文讨论了在高温胁迫导致荧光猝灭的情况下如何用叶绿素荧光动力学计算ＰＳⅡ无活性中心相对含量的问题。正常的小麦叶片其ＰＳⅡ无活性中心相对含量（Ｆｖｉ／ＦＶ）约为０．１５５±０．０１１。小麦叶片经５０℃１分钟高温胁迫后,其Ｆｖｉ（相对于正常Ｆｖ）降至对照的７０％,在随后室温下６０分钟内又降至５０％。而５５℃５分钟和５５℃１０分钟高温胁迫后,在恢复期内其ＰＳⅡ无活性中心的含量从常温的１．４倍左右的基础上分别上升至２．４和２．９倍,说明高温胁迫对ＰＳⅡ中心除了起瞬时钝化作用外,还存在一个间接的较为缓慢的持续钝化作用。     

菜蚜二项式抽样设计及其精度分析

１９９０～１９９２年间对杭州市郊区青菜上桃蚜（Ｍｙｚｕｓｐｅｒｓｉｃａｅ）、萝卜蚜（Ｌｉｐａｐｈｉｓｅｒｙｓｉｍｉ）及其混合种群的田间近１００组调查数据,利用每样方（株）虫口不超过数阈值Ｔ（分别为０、１、５、１０、２０、３０、４０）头蚜虫的植株比例（ＰＴ）与种群密度（ｍ,头·株－１）的关系,通过拟合经验公式ｌｎ（ｍ）＝ａ＋ｂｌｎ［－ｌｎ（ＰＴ）］而设计的二项式抽样．通过对三者不同数阈值（Ｔ）的回归决定系数（ｒ２）、种群密度的回归估计方差（Ｖａｒ（ｍ））、抽样精度（以ｄ表示）和实际应用等的比较,结果表明当桃蚜种群处于较高密度即ｍ≥１０时,其理想的Ｔ值为３０;当萝卜蚜种群处于较高密度即ｍ≥５时,其理想的Ｔ值为１０;而它们的混合种群未得到其理想的Ｔ值．数阈值Ｔ为３０和１０可分别用于桃蚜和萝卜蚜的二项式抽样设计．而传统的二项式抽样即０～１抽样由于应用于小白菜上菜蚜的抽样设计时产生很大的误差,不宜采用．     

The modulation of the induction of ornithine decarboxylase by spermine,spermidine and diamines

Extremely low concentrations of putrescine, spermidine and spermine added to the extracellular medium of cultures of mammalian cells inhibit the induction of ornithine decarboxylase activity despite 100- to 1,000-fold greater intracellular polyamine concentrations. The diamines, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,12-diaminododecane also inhibit ornithine decarboxylase at all concentrations tested (greater than 10^?6 M). In contrast, 10^?6 M to 10 ^?3 M 1,8-diaminooctane, the alkyl analog of spermidine, enhances ornithine decarboxylase activity. The concentraton of putrescine required to inhibit the activity of ornithine decarboxylase by 50% is a characteristic of each cell line; however, it varies by as much as 1,000-fold among the five cell lines we have tested (L1210 leukemic, H35 hepatoma, N18 neuroblastoma, W256 carcinosarcoma and 3T3 fibroblasts). The antizyme to ornithine decarboxylase can be induced in all these cells by high (di)(poly)amine concentrations. Based on these and other experiments we suggest a working hypothesis: that the polyamines regulate ornithine decarboxylase activity through two different sites that may be interrelated; a sensitive membrane-mediated site that responds to minute fluctuations of extracellular polyamine levels and a coarse site which may be intracellular or membrane associated that responds to larger fluctuations of intracellular polyamine levels. The consequences of such a control mechanism operating within the whole organism are discussed.     

温度对桃蚜、萝卜蚜体重及种群参数的影响

桃蚜Myrus perslcae、萝卜蚜Lipaphis crystml在能正常产仔的整个恒温范围内,成蚜和新产仔蚜体重随温度的变化都符合二次抛物线,但体重最高值出现较低的温度下．即体重变化主要表现为随温度升高而下降的趋势．在组建蚜虫的生命生殖力表时,以新产仔蚜体重对其在各温度下的生殖事进行校正。并未对计算所得的内禀增长能力rm值及其随温度的变化情况产生明显的影响,不仅没有提供新的信息。相反。这一方法使计算所得rm的值含义模糊。故建议不予采用。     

A study of cultural transmission in Taiwan

Our study of cultural transmission in Taiwan is based on a survey of 1000 students, their families, and friends, for characters ranging from religion to various customs and beliefs, as well as entertainment and hygienic habits. The effects of father, mother, and an older sib on a propositus are tested by an additive model of transmission, using a novel statistical procedure, and compared with correlations with friends. For many traits there exist significant influences; older sibs are almost as important as father and mother, with effects differing somewhat with their sex. Formulas for recurrences and equilibrium frequency of a cultural character for which father, mother, and sib are active in transmission are given in the appendices along with formulas for estimation of their effects from real data.This research was supported in part by grant NIH GM 20467 and NIH GM 20816. In early part of this investigation K.H.C. was supported by a grant to SIMS from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.