Unusual Formation of CoO@C “Dandelions” Derived from 2D Kagóme MOLs for Efficient Lithium Storage

Despite great breakthroughs, the search for anode materials with high performance for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) remains challenging. Hence, engineering advantageous structures via effective routes can bring new possibilities to the development of the LIB field. Herein, the precise synthesis of three‐dimensional (3D) hybrids of ultrathin carbon‐wrapped CoO (CoO@C) dandelions is reported by the pyrolysis of two‐dimensional (2D) Kagóme metal–organic layers (MOLs) at 400 °C under an Ar atmosphere. Due to the special coordination structure of the paternal MOLs, the resulting CoO nanowires show a small diameter of 5–10 nm and are uniformly confined within the ultrathin carbon layer. Based on the time‐dependent pyrolysis experiments, a crystal transformation mechanism of in situ self‐templated‐recrystallization‐self‐assembly accompanied by phase and morphology changes is first presented to reveal the formation of the 3D dandelion‐like spheres with assembly of nanowire arrays from a 2D Kagóme MOL. By virtue of structural and compositional features, including a 3D array structure, the small size of the primary ultrathin nanowires, and a uniform ultrathin graphitic carbon layer, these unique CoO@C dandelions display high specific capacity, good rate capability, and excellent cycling stability. Importantly, this approach can be extended to accurately synthesize other desired composite structures.     

Leaf tensity: a method for rapid determination of water requirement information in Brassica napus L.

Water regulation caused by enzymes, such as carbonic anhydrase (CA), changes the water status, making it difficult to diagnose water deficit using leaf water potential (ψ_L) or stomatal conductance (g_s). Therefore, new methods for timely and accurately determining plant water status should be established. In this study, CA activity, ψ_L, leaf tensity (T_d), photosynthetic characteristics and plant growth of Brassica napus L. seedlings under drought and subsequent rewatering were analysed. Results indicated that T_d could reflect the plant water status better than ψ_L or g_s and played an important role in the photosynthesis of B. napus. B. napus exhibited good restorability at the 40?g?L^?1 polyethylene glycol level. The rewatering strategy for B. napus was excellent at 40?g?L^?1 (?0.15?MPa) →20?g?L^?1 (?0.11?MPa). T_d could be used for the rapid determination of water requirement information in B. napus during winter drought period.     

长薄鳅胚胎发育的观察

1999年5月,作者首次通过人工繁殖获得长薄鳅的受精卵,并对其胚胎发育特征进行了连续的观察。卵膜无粘性,吸水后卵周间隙明显膨胀扩大,卵膜径3.67-4.00 mm,平均3.79mm,属漂流性卵。胚胎发育可分为26个时期,初孵仔鱼长5.0mm左右,通体透明无色素。     

Exploration of the prognostic prediction value of the PANoptosis-based risk score and its correlation with tumor immunity in lung adenocarcinoma

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common cancer with high mortality worldwide. PANoptosis is a novel inflammatory programmed cell death modality with the characteristics of pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis. It is necessary to explore PANoptosis-related genes in LUAD patients and offer evidence for prognosis prediction and therapeutic strategies. Single-cell RNA sequencing data and RNA expression profiles of LUAD patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases are used to screen PANoptosis-related differential genes for the construction of a risk model. Fifteen PANoptosis-related markers with prognostic value were identified by Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)–Cox regression analysis. Kaplan–Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis further demonstrated the significant predictive capability. Immune infiltration, Single Nucleotide Variants (SNV) mutations, and clinical drug susceptibility were analyzed. In conclusion, a risk model of 15 PANoptosis-related genes has significant value in prognostic prediction for LUAD and has potential to direct clinical therapeutic strategies during the treatment.     

A series of new 5,6-epoxysterols from a Chinese sponge Ircinia aruensis

Chromatographic separation of the ethanolic extract of the marine sponge, Ircinia aruensis, resulted in the isolation and characterization of six new sterols. 5 alpha,6 alpha-Epoxy-26,27-dinorergosta-7,22-en-3 beta-ol (1), 5 alpha,6 alpha-epoxycholesta-7,22-en-3 beta-ol (2), 5 alpha,6 alpha-epoxyergosta-7,24(28)-en-3 beta-ol (3), 5 alpha,6 alpha-epoxyergosta-7-en-3 beta-ol (4), 5 alpha,6 alpha-epoxystigmasta-7,22-en-3 beta-ol (5), 5 alpha,6 alpha-epoxystigmasta-7-en-3 beta-ol (6). The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data (IR, MS, 1H and 13C NMR, HMQC, and HMBC) analyses. The cytotoxic of 1-3 toward a limited panel of cancer cell lines is also reported.     

我国杂交水稻基因工程育种策略探讨

杂交水稻在我国水稻及粮食生产中占有突出地位 ,基因工程可在杂交水稻育种中发挥重要作用。针对杂交水稻育种存在的主要问题 ,指出应将优质、抗虫和抗病作为当前基因工程育种的研究重点。同时提出基因工程育种与常规育种紧密结合 ,优质基因工程着重改良保持系及聚合转基因等策略 ,以培育出超高产优质抗病虫转基因聚合杂交稻新组合。     

发根土壤杆菌在植物次生代谢物生产中的应用与进展

发根土壤杆菌 (Agrobacteriumrhizogenes)是一类极具应用前景的微生物资源 ,就发根土壤杆菌Ri质粒结构、功能、侵染和致病过程及其宿主、转化体特性进行了概述 ,并详细讨论了发根土壤杆菌在生产植物次级代谢产物方面的应用与进展及相关影响因素 ,同时还简单介绍了工业化生产的培养方法、生物反应器种类及存在的问题与困难。     

Flavone and isoflavone derivatives of terrestrial plants as larval settlement inhibitors of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite

To determine whether they could serve as non-toxic or less damaging alternative antifouling (AF) agents, 17 flavone and isoflavone derivatives were isolated from terrestrial plant extracts, purified and examined for their ability to inhibit the settlement of barnacle (Balanus amphitrite) cyprids. In larval bioassays, eight compounds showed strong anti-larval settlement activities, with EC(50) values <10 microg ml(-1). Through an analysis of the structure-activity relationship of these compounds, it was found that (1) the structural difference between flavones and isoflavones did not affect their AF activities; (2) the 5-hydroxyl group on the skeletons played a key role in AF activities; and (3) the presence of hydroxyl group or bulky group on C3 significantly reduced AF activities. A hydrolysis experiment using genistein, a typical active compound in this study, indicated that it was decomposed in the marine environment by hydrolysis reaction and that the degradation speed was significantly affected by pH. In a field AF test, genistein inhibited the attachment of B. amphitrite on panels coated with genistein-paint mixtures.