深海鱼油治疗阿尔茨海默病大鼠的作用及对其肠道菌群的影响

目的研究深海鱼油对阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠的治疗作用及其对大鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法从60只SD大鼠中随机选择50只建模并随机分为5组,其余为假手术组。石杉碱甲组灌胃石杉碱甲注射液20 μg/kg,深海鱼油高、中、低剂量组分别灌胃0.21 g/kg、0.42 g/kg、0.84 g/kg深海鱼油,假手术组和模型组大鼠灌胃等体积生理盐水,大鼠给药体积按照1 mL/kg。结果第2、3、4、5 d大鼠逃避潜伏期,Aβ40、Aβ42含量,拟杆菌门、瘤胃菌科、拟杆菌科、普雷沃氏菌科、拟杆菌属、螺杆菌属、普雷沃氏菌属、链球菌属水平,模型组高于假手术组(P<0.05),石杉碱甲组和深海鱼油高、中、低剂量组均低于模型组(P<0.05);大鼠跨越平台次数,厚壁菌门、变形菌门、乳杆菌科、毛螺菌科、韦荣球菌科、乳杆菌属、瘤胃球菌属、毛螺菌属、肠球菌属、韦荣球菌属水平,模型组低于假手术组(P<0.05),石杉碱甲组和深海鱼油高、中、低剂量组均高于模型组(P<0.05)。模型组神经组织显著改变,石杉碱甲组和深海鱼油高、中、低剂量组均出现好转。结论深海鱼油可改善AD模型大鼠学习能力和记忆能力、减轻大鼠海马组织病变,改善大鼠肠道菌群。     

铜藻岩藻黄素提取及纯化工艺研究

为了对岩藻黄素的提取、纯化进行系统研究,进而为高纯度岩藻黄素的工业化生产提供研究基础,筛选了适用于提取铜藻（Sargassum horneri）鲜藻中岩藻黄素的有机溶剂,并通过单因素实验和正交实验确定了最佳的提取溶剂浓度、提取温度、提取时间、料液比等工艺参数。随后采用硅胶柱层析法进行纯化,并通过单因素实验确定了最佳的硅胶柱床高度、上样量和洗脱流速。最后采用制备液相法对经层析纯化的岩藻黄素进一步纯化。结果表明,有机溶剂萃取的最佳工艺条件为：甲醇浓度90%,提取温度50 ℃,提取时间1 h,料液比1∶10,此条件下岩藻黄素提取率达到(0.258 9±0.003 6) mg·g-1鲜重（FW）［(1.078 8±0.015 0) mg·g-1干重（DW）］。硅胶柱层析的最佳工艺条件为：硅胶柱床高度10 cm,上样量6 g,洗脱流速10 mL·min-1,此条件下岩藻黄素得率为0.176 5 mg·g-1FW（0.735 3 mg·g-1 DW）,纯度为87.01%±0.88%。经制备液相进一步纯化后,岩藻黄素得率为0.127 1 mg·g-1 FW（0.529 4 mg·g-1 DW）,纯度为99.27%±0.22%。研究所用工艺简单,岩藻黄素得率高,为高纯度岩藻黄素的制备提供了实验基础。     

Examining differences in phylogenetic composition enhances understanding of the phylogenetic structure of the shrub community in the northeastern Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

Periodic climatic oscillations and species dispersal during the postglacial period are two important causes of plant assemblage and distribution on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP). To improve our understanding of the bio‐geological histories of shrub communities on the QTP, we tested two hypotheses. First, the intensity of climatic oscillations played a filtering role during community structuring. Second, species dispersal during the postglacial period contributed to the recovery of species and phylogenetic diversity and the emergence of phylogenetic overdispersion. To test these hypotheses, we investigated and compared the shrub communities in the alpine and desert habitats of the northeastern QTP. Notably, we observed higher levels of species and phylogenetic diversity in the alpine habitat than in the desert habitat, leading to phylogenetic overdispersion in the alpine shrub communities versus phylogenetic clustering in the desert shrub communities. This phylogenetic overdispersion increased with greater climate anomalies. These results suggest that (a) although climate anomalies strongly affect shrub communities, these phenomena do not act as a filter for shrub community structuring, and (b) species dispersal increases phylogenetic diversity and overdispersion in a community. Moreover, our investigation of the phylogenetic community composition revealed a larger number of plant clades in the alpine shrub communities than in the desert shrub communities, which provided insights into plant clade‐level differences in the phylogenetic structures of alpine and desert shrub communities in the northeastern QTP.     

Interplay between formation of photosynthetic complexes and expression of genes for iron–sulfur cluster assembly in Rhodobacter sphaeroides?

Photosynthesis Research - Formation of photosynthetic complexes leads to a higher demand for Fe–S clusters. We hypothesized that in the facultative phototrophic alpha-proteobacterium...     

Homeotic transformation from stamen to petal in Lilium is associated with MADS-box genes and hormone signal transduction

Plant Growth Regulation - As one of the most popular bulbous plant with high ornamental value, Lilium spp. has been used as cut flower or green plants in urban landscapes and home gardening. We...     

Fertilization effects on microbial community composition and aggregate formation in saline‐alkaline soil

Plant and Soil - Soil was sampled (0–20&nbsp;cm) from a 5-year Yellow River Delta paddy field experiment: no fertilizers (Control), mineral fertilizers (NPK), and NPK plus organic...     

An in-depth analysis reveals two new genetic variants on 22q11.2 associated with vitiligo in the Chinese Han population

Molecular Biology Reports - Vitiligo is a complex disease in which patchy depigmentation is the result of an autoimmune-induced loss of melanocytes in affected regions. On the basis of a...     

Phosphorylation of Novel Interactors of Wild Soybean GsSnRK1 Protein Kinase

Plant Molecular Biology Reporter - Plant SnRK1 kinases have been reported to participate in regulating many aspects of plant biology including resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Wild...     

Inhibition of ER stress attenuates kidney injury and apoptosis induced by 3-MCPD via regulating mitochondrial fission/fusion and Ca2+ homeostasis

Cell Biology and Toxicology - 3-Chloro-1, 2-propanediol (3-MCPD) is a food-borne toxic substance well-known for more than 40 years that is mainly associated with nephrotoxicity. A better...