PACAP mRNA在大鼠妊娠黄体及离体细胞的表达与调节

目的:观察垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽(PACAP)mRNA在大鼠妊娠黄体中的表达及调节。方法:①于妊娠不同时期收集大鼠卵巢。用RT-PCR和原位杂交方法,观察妊娠过程卵巢PACAP mRNA表达的动态变化;②未成年雌性大鼠颈部皮下注射50IU孕马血清促性腺激素,48h后注射25IU人绒毛膜促性腺激素,第6天收集培养黄体细胞。用放免法测定给予不同处理后,培养液中孕酮的含量;用RT-PCR方法检测各组PACAP mRNA表达水平。结果:从妊娠11d起,PACAP mRNA表达逐渐增强,在妊娠19d达高峰;与对照组相比,血小板活化因子(PAF)、福司考林(forskolin)、佛波酯(PMA)均使培养黄体细胞孕酮分泌量及PACAP mRNA表达显著增高(P0.05)。结论:PACAP与中、晚期妊娠的维持密切相关;PAF可促进培养黄体细胞PACAP mRNA的表达,蛋白激酶C(PKC)和蛋白激酶A(PKA)途径都有可能参与了此过程。     

猪和牛轮状病毒抗原和抗体的检测

应用ELISA直接双抗体夹心法检查轮状病毒抗原,24份仔猪和29份犊牛的腹泻粪样,分别有12和16份阳性。用病毒RNA电泳分析检查阳性粪样,各出现两种病毒RNA电泳型,用中和试验检查17份成年牛和16份成年猪血清,分别有16和15份病毒抗体阳性。将其与ELISA间接法和结合法进行了比较。     

环境因素对琥珀酸放线杆菌Actinobacillus succinogenes CGMCC 1593发酵生产丁二酸的影响

琥珀酸放线杆菌是发酵生产有应用前景的生物基原料-丁二酸的微生物。本研究室从牛瘤胃中筛选获得一株琥珀酸放线杆菌Actinobacillus succinogenes CGMCC 1593, 分析了环境气体、pH、氧化还原电位(ORP)环境因素对琥珀酸放线杆菌A. succinogenes CGMCC 1593发酵生产丁二酸的影响。结果表明: CO2不仅提供了A. succinogenes CGMCC 1593发酵生产丁二酸的最佳气体环境, 也是发酵生产丁二酸的底物之一; MgCO3是A. succinogenes CGMCC 1593发酵过程较好的pH调节剂, 发酵过程维持pH7.1~6.2, 可满足菌体生长与产酸的要求; 发酵液初始ORP过低, 不利于菌体生长, ORP在-270 mV时对丁二酸产生有利。在菌体对数生长期结束时, 通过Na2S·9H2O降低发酵液ORP到-270 mV, 发酵48 h时可产丁二酸37 g/L, 摩尔产率达到129%。这对深入研究A. succinogenes CGMCC 1593发酵生产丁二酸具有参考价值。     

A meta-analysis of HLA-DR polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy

Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) has been hypothesized as a multifactorial disorder initiated by an environment trigger in individuals with predisposing human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles. Published data on the association between HLA-DR polymorphism and IDC risk are inconclusive. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was performed. A total of 19 case–control studies including 1,378 cases and 10,383 controls provided data on the association between HLA-DR polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to IDC. Overall, statistically elevated frequencies of HLA-DR4 (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.21–2.07; P = 0.0009) and HLA-DR5 (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.05–1.73; P = 0.02) alleles were found in patients with IDC compared with controls. Individuals with HLA-DR3 antigen have a protective effect against IDC (OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.58–0.90; P = 0.004). In summary, this meta-analysis indicated that certain HLA-DR alleles may be genetic markers for susceptibility and resistance to IDC.     

Gramene: development and integration of trait and gene ontologies for rice

Gramene (http://www.gramene.org/) is a comparative genome database for cereal crops and a community resource for rice. We are populating and curating Gramene with annotated rice (Oryza sativa) genomic sequence data and associated biological information including molecular markers, mutants, phenotypes, polymorphisms and Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). In order to support queries across various data sets as well as across external databases, Gramene will employ three related controlled vocabularies. The specific goal of Gramene is, first to provide a Trait Ontology (TO) that can be used across the cereal crops to facilitate phenotypic comparisons both within and between the genera. Second, a vocabulary for plant anatomy terms, the Plant Ontology (PO) will facilitate the curation of morphological and anatomical feature information with respect to expression, localization of genes and gene products and the affected plant parts in a phenotype. The TO and PO are both in the early stages of development in collaboration with the International Rice Research Institute, TAIR and MaizeDB as part of the Plant Ontology Consortium. Finally, as part of another consortium comprising macromolecular databases from other model organisms, the Gene Ontology Consortium, we are annotating the confirmed and predicted protein entries from rice using both electronic and manual curation.     

小叶章种群地上生物量生长量及其时间序列分析

本文通过对三江平原典型草甸、沼泽化草甸及沼泽群落的优势种群-小叶章种群地上生物量生长量及其时间序列的分析表明:典型草甸小叶章种群地上生物量生长量季节动态呈"W"型。另两个类型呈双峰型。其累积生长量均呈单峰型,且在整个生长季,干物质均有一定程度的积累,时间序列分析也验证了上述变化趋势。     

Zooplankton community structure along a pollution gradient at fine geographical scales in river ecosystems: The importance of species sorting over dispersal

The release of anthropogenic pollution into freshwater ecosystems has largely transformed biodiversity and its geographical distribution patterns globally. However, for many communities including ecologically crucial ones such as zooplankton, it is largely unknown how different communities respond to environmental pollution. Collectively, dispersal and species sorting are two competing processes in determining the structure and geographical distribution of zooplankton communities in running water ecosystems such as rivers. At fine geographical scales, dispersal is usually considered as the dominant factor; however, the relative role of species sorting has not been evaluated well, mainly because significant environmental gradients rarely exist along continuously flowing rivers. The Chaobai River in northern China represents a rare system, where a significant environmental gradient exists at fine scales. Here, we employed high‐throughput sequencing to characterize complex zooplankton communities collected from the Chaobai River, and tested the relative roles of dispersal and species sorting in determining zooplankton community structure along the pollution gradient. Our results showed distinct patterns of zooplankton communities along the environmental gradient, and chemical pollutant‐related factors such as total phosphorus and chlorophyll‐a were identified as the major drivers for the observed patterns. Further partial redundancy analyses showed that species sorting overrode the effect of dispersal to shape local zooplankton community structure. Thus, our results reject the dispersal hypothesis and support the concept that species sorting caused by local pollution can largely determine the zooplankton community structure when significant environmental gradients exist at fine geographical scales in highly polluted running water ecosystems.     

白蚁及其共生菌来源的4种木质纤维素酶的共表达

天然的木质纤维素材料含有纤维素、半纤维素和木质素等成分。降解天然木质纤维素底物时,需要木质纤维素酶共同作用。近年在木质纤维素酶的相互协同作用方面的研究引起人们的关注,成为一个新的研究热点,文中使用两个不同的共表达载体pETDuet-1和pRSFDuet-1,在大肠杆菌中共表达了白蚁及其肠道微生物来源的β-葡萄糖苷酶、内切β-1,4-葡聚糖酶、漆酶和木聚糖酶这4种木质纤维素酶,经过SDS-PAGE分析得到了与理论值一致的蛋白条带,同时经过酶活验证,这4种蛋白都具有酶活性。以磷酸处理的微晶纤维素(PASC)为底物,测定了共表达酶粗酶液与单独表达酶混合液的协同作用因子,从还原糖的产量上经计算共表达的粗酶液比单独表达酶的混合液对PASC的降解协同作用提高44%;以滤纸和磷酸处理的玉米芯为底物,测定降解协同作用,分别提高了34%和20%。结果表明,共表达酶的降解效率要高于混合的单组分酶液降解效率的总和。     

宫腔镜下甲氨蝶呤注入输卵管保守治疗非破裂型输卵管妊娠的疗效观察

目的探讨宫腔镜下甲氨蝶呤注入输卵管保守治疗非破裂型输卵管妊娠的临床疗效。方法对34例确诊为非破裂型输卵管妊娠,且包块直径≤4 cm,血β-HCG〈2 000 IU,无腹腔积液的病例,行宫腔镜下将MTX 40 mg注入输卵管;动态观察患者血HCG变化,定期复查彩超,观察包块变化情况。结果32例治愈,治愈率94.12%。其中有1例疗程结束后1周复查血β-HCG〉1000 u/L,追加用药后成功;失败2例,均因治疗期间腹痛加剧出现内出血征象而转行手术治疗,内出血分别为700 ml、480 ml,转腹腔镜手术,恢复良好。结论宫腔镜下甲氨蝶呤注入输卵管保守治疗非破裂型输卵管妊娠具有损伤小、避免开腹手术等优点,值得临床推广。