电针诱导心肌缺血大鼠延髓头端腹外侧区nNOS和iNOS差异表达

许多研究表明,延髓头端腹外侧区(rostral ventrolateml medulla,RVLM)的NO/NOS系统参与心血管活动的中枢调节.本实验以结扎Wistar大鼠左冠状动脉前降支法建立急性心肌缺血(acute myocardial ischemia,AMI)动物模型,观察针刺"内关"穴改善AMI大鼠的心功能作用,同时检测大鼠RVLM区神经元型一氧化氮合酶(neuronal nitric oxide synthase,nNOS)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)表达的变化,进而探讨针刺治疗AMI的中枢机制.实验观察显示,AMI大鼠心功能各项指标减弱,伴随外周血去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)和脑钠肽(brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)水平显著升高,同时RVLM区nNOS阳性神经元数和nNOS mRNA表达升高,而iNOS水平则降低.针刺"内关"穴(Pe 6)(每天30 min,连续5天)改善心功能,降低AMI大鼠血清中NE和BNP的水平,同时升高iNOS并降低nNOS在RVLM的表达.以上结果提示,针刺治疗心肌缺血的同时可以调节iNOS/NO和nNOS/NO在RVLM的变化,这可能与针刺通过调节RVLM区的NO含量进而降低交感传出,从而改善AMI大鼠的心功能有关.     

含硫多肽类抗生素那西肽的菌种诱变及产量提高

那西肽（Ｎｏｓｉｈｅｐｔｉｄｅ）产生菌Ｓｔｒｅｐｔｏｍｙｃｅｓ ａｃｔｕｏｓｕｓ Ｚ１１,经ＮＴＧ处理和对Ｃｕ＾２＋,Ｍｎ＾２＋耐受选育,获得突变株Ｚ１５,其可耐受Ｃｕ＾２＋为３００μｇ／ｍｌ,耐Ｍｎ＾２＋１０００μｇ／ｍｌ,产生那西肽可达１５００μｇ／ｍｌ是Ｚ１１活力的１．６倍。     

Disease-driven detection of differential inherited SNP modules from SNP network

Detection of the synergetic effects between variants, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), is crucial for understanding the genetic characters of complex diseases. Here, we proposed a two-step approach to detect differentially inherited SNP modules (synergetic SNP units) from a SNP network. First, SNP-SNP interactions are identified based on prior biological knowledge, such as their adjacency on the chromosome or degree of relatedness between the functional relationships of their genes. These interactions form SNP networks. Second, disease-risk SNP modules (or sub-networks) are prioritised by their differentially inherited properties in IBD (Identity by Descent) profiles of affected and unaffected sibpairs. The search process is driven by the disease information and follows the structure of a SNP network. Simulation studies have indicated that this approach achieves high accuracy and a low false-positive rate in the identification of known disease-susceptible SNPs. Applying this method to an alcoholism dataset, we found that flexible patterns of susceptible SNP combinations do play a role in complex diseases, and some known genes were detected through these risk SNP modules. One example is GRM7, a known alcoholism gene successfully detected by a SNP module comprised of two SNPs, but neither of the two SNPs was significantly associated with the disease in single-locus analysis. These identified genes are also enriched in some pathways associated with alcoholism, including the calcium signalling pathway, axon guidance and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. The integration of network biology and genetic analysis provides putative functional bridges between genetic variants and candidate genes or pathways, thereby providing new insight into the aetiology of complex diseases.     

丙型肝炎病毒RNA打点杂交检测方法同RT－PCR方法的比较

采用ＨＣＶ基因组结构区Ｃ区ｃＤＮＡ探针和非结构区ＮＳ３－４区ｃＤＮＡ探针,建立了用打点杂交（ｄｏｔｂｌｏｔｈｙｂｒｉｄｉｚａｔｉｏｎ）检测血清中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ的方法,同采用ＨＣＶ基因组５’端非编码区的一对寡核苷酸引物通过逆转录－聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测血清中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ的方法相比较,发现两种方法都能快速早期和特异地检出血清中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ,但ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法敏感性优于ＲＮＡ打点杂交法。对于无血清学指标的慢性ＮＡＮＢ肝炎病人的诊断,可采用这两种方法。这两种方法的敏感性在很大程度上依赖于引物和探针的敏感性,以及ＲＮＡ提取方法。ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法适用于诊断病毒血症和复制,打点杂交法适用于研究ＨＣＶＲＮＡ量的变化,对治疗的评价,以及为实验筛选较高滴度的ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性样本。     

狭叶柴胡的抗过敏活性及其有效成分

本文以compound 48／80在体外诱导大鼠腹腔肥大细胞释放组胺,评价狭叶柴胡及其成分的抗过敏活性。狭叶柴胡醇提物及正丁醇部分(100μg／mL)、乙酸乙酯及水部分(10,100μg／mL)显著减少组胺释放,以乙酸乙酯部分的作用最强,狭叶柴胡挥发油(100μg／mL)对组胺释放呈现一定的促进作用。从乙酸乙酯部分分离得到异鼠李素和槲皮素两种主要化合物,均显著抑制组胺释放,表明黄酮为狭叶柴胡抗过敏作用的有效成分。     

EGF receptor clustering is induced by a 0.4 mT power frequency magnetic field and blocked by the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD153035

Atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to investigate the effects of a 50 Hz 0.4 mT magnetic field (MF) on the clustering of purified epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) and EGFRs in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cell membrane. The results demonstrate that exposing purified EGFRs to the MF for 30 min induces receptor clustering. The peak height of apparent clusters increased from 1.42 +/- 0.18 (sham-exposed) to 3.08 +/- 0.38 nm (exposed) while the mean half-width increased from 21.7 +/- 2.2 to 33.0 +/- 4.0 nm. A similar effect was also observed by TEM. Treatment of purified EGFR with PD153035 (PD), an EGFR-specific tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitor, inhibited the MF-induced EGFR clustering of the purified proteins, an effect also observed for the receptors in cell membrane in the absence of EGF. These results strongly suggest that the 50 Hz 0.4 mT MF interferes with the EGFR signaling pathway, most likely by interacting with the cytoplasmic TK domain.     

比哈小爪螨实验种群生命表的研究

本文研究了比哈小爪螨5个温度梯度的实验种群生命表.结果表明15 ℃时内禀增长率和周限增长率均最小,分别为0.0235和1.0238,种群倍增时间最长(29.47 d);35 ℃时内禀增长率和周限增长率均最大,分别为0.3069和0.3592,种群倍增时间最短(2.26 d),说明高温有利于该螨种群的增长.25 ℃时净增殖率最大(56.30).35 ℃的世代生长周期最短(11.97 d).15 ℃时其寿命最长(98.90±20.77 d),35 ℃时寿命最短(19.00±3.11 d).最高平均产卵量71.60粒/雌和最高日平均产卵量4.10粒/雌/天均在25 ℃时出现.15 ℃时平均产卵量最低(8.80粒/雌),日平均产卵量仅有0.34粒/雌/天.最大日产卵量出现在35 ℃时(12.00粒/雌/天).     

千金子不同极性部位对酪氨酸酶活性的影响

测定千金子醇提物不同极性部位对酪氨酸酶活性的影响。以L-酪氨酸为底物,采用比色法测定千金子不同极性部位对酪氨酸酶的抑制率。得到了千金子醇提物的乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相和水相的半数抑制率(IC50值)分别为0.150 mg/mL,0.813 mg/mL,7.570 mg/mL,并对乙酸乙酯相进一步分离得到七叶内酯,其IC50值0.103 mg/mL。结果表明千金子中起到酪氨酸酶抑制性的物质为七叶内酯,主要分布在乙酸乙酯相中。为千金子中酪氨酸酶抑制性物质的筛选提供科学依据。     

Prioritizing human cancer microRNAs based on genes' functional consistency between microRNA and cancer

The identification of human cancer-related microRNAs (miRNAs) is important for cancer biology research. Although several identification methods have achieved remarkable success, they have overlooked the functional information associated with miRNAs. We present a computational framework that can be used to prioritize human cancer miRNAs by measuring the association between cancer and miRNAs based on the functional consistency score (FCS) of the miRNA target genes and the cancer-related genes. This approach proved successful in identifying the validated cancer miRNAs for 11 common human cancers with area under ROC curve (AUC) ranging from 71.15% to 96.36%. The FCS method had a significant advantage over miRNA differential expression analysis when identifying cancer-related miRNAs with a fine regulatory mechanism, such as miR-27a in colorectal cancer. Furthermore, a case study examining thyroid cancer showed that the FCS method can uncover novel cancer-related miRNAs such as miR-27a/b, which were showed significantly upregulated in thyroid cancer samples by qRT-PCR analysis. Our method can be used on a web-based server, CMP (cancer miRNA prioritization) and is freely accessible at http://bioinfo.hrbmu.edu.cn/CMP. This time- and cost-effective computational framework can be a valuable complement to experimental studies and can assist with future studies of miRNA involvement in the pathogenesis of cancers.