人尾加压素Ⅱ对大鼠脑微循环的影响

目的:探讨尾加压素Ⅱ(UII)对于大鼠软脑膜微循环的影响.方法:健康成年SD大鼠随机分为对照组、生理盐水(NS)、UII(10-7mol/L)、去甲肾上腺素(NA,10-6mol/L)、UII(10-7mol/L) NA(10-6mol/L)等五组,采用活体微循环观测技术观察大鼠软脑膜微血管内径、血流速度等微循环参数,采用激光多普勒血流量仪测定软脑膜血流量的变化.结果:正常对照组软脑膜细动脉和细静脉血管内径分别为(35.4±3.6)μm和(40.6±8.5)μm,UII组于滴加UII(10-7mol/L)后即刻细动脉和细静脉出现收缩,1 min时细动脉和细静脉收缩达到高峰,血管内径分别为(25.6±3.4)μm和(23.4±3.3)μm (与正常对照组比较,P均<0.05);细动、静脉内血流速度无明显变化(与正常对照组比较P均>0.05);软脑膜血流量于滴加UII(10-7mol/L)后1 min开始升高,5 min达到高峰(3.5±0.4 )PU 值,正常对照组(2.3±0.6)PU值(P<0.05).结论:UII可以使大鼠软脑膜微血管收缩,血流量增加.     

Engineered heart tissue graft derived from somatic cell nuclear transferred embryonic stem cells improve myocardial performance in infarcted rat heart

The concept of regenerating diseased myocardium by implanting engineered heart tissue (EHT) is intriguing. Yet it was limited by immune rejection and difficulties to be generated at a size with contractile properties. Somatic cell nuclear transfer is proposed as a practical strategy for generating autologous histocompatible stem (nuclear transferred embryonic stem [NT‐ES]) cells to treat diseases. Nevertheless, it is controversial as NT‐ES cells may pose risks in their therapeutic application. EHT from NT‐ES cell‐derived cardiomyocytes was generated through a series of improved techniques in a self‐made mould to keep the EHTs from contraction and provide static stretch simultaneously. After 7 days of static and mechanical stretching, respectively, the EHTs were implanted to the infarcted rat heart. Four weeks after transplantation, the suitability of EHT in heart muscle repair after myocardial infarction was evaluated by histological examination, echocardiography and multielectrode array measurement. The results showed that large (thickness/diameter, 2–4 mm/10 mm) spontaneously contracting EHTs was generated successfully. The EHTs, which were derived from NT‐ES cells, inte grated and electrically coupled to host myocardium and exerted beneficial effects on the left ventricular function of infarcted rat heart. No teratoma formation was observed in the rat heart implanted with EHTs for 4 weeks. NT‐ES cells can be used as a source of seeding cells for cardiac tissue engineering. Large contractile EHT grafts can be constructed in vitro with the ability to survive after implantation and improve myocardial performance of infarcted rat hearts.     

PAQR3 controls autophagy by integrating AMPK signaling to enhance ATG14L‐associated PI3K activity

The Beclin1–VPS34 complex is recognized as a central node in regulating autophagy via interacting with diverse molecules such as ATG14L for autophagy initiation and UVRAG for autophagosome maturation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism that coordinates the timely activation of VPS34 complex is poorly understood. Here, we identify that PAQR3 governs the preferential formation and activation of ATG14L‐linked VPS34 complex for autophagy initiation via two levels of regulation. Firstly, PAQR3 functions as a scaffold protein that facilitates the formation of ATG14L‐ but not UVRAG‐linked VPS34 complex, leading to elevated capacity of PI(3)P generation ahead of starvation signals. Secondly, AMPK phosphorylates PAQR3 at threonine 32 and switches on PI(3)P production to initiate autophagosome formation swiftly after glucose starvation. Deletion of PAQR3 leads to reduction of exercise‐induced autophagy in mice, accompanied by a certain degree of disaggregation of ATG14L‐associated VPS34 complex. Together, this study uncovers that PAQR3 can not only enhance the capacity of pro‐autophagy class III PI3K due to its scaffold function, but also integrate AMPK signal to activation of ATG14L‐linked VPS34 complex upon glucose starvation.     

单鼻孔- 蝶窦入路垂体瘤切除术的体会

目的:探讨经单鼻孔-蝶窦入路垂体瘤切除手术的效果。方法:应用单鼻孔-蝶窦入路切除22例垂体瘤患者。结果:22例患者手术均顺利进行并于术后3月均获随访,全切除14例,次全切除5例,部分切除3例。结论:经单鼻孔-蝶窦入路显微切除垂体瘤属于微侵袭及功能保护性手术,符合现代神经外科的发展方向,严格把握适应症及禁忌症,完善手术技巧是提高手术效果的关键。     

牦牛HSP72蛋白的生物信息学分析

利用一系列的生物信息学软件分析了牦牛HSP72蛋白的氨基酸组成、等电点、亚细胞定位、跨膜区、疏水,亲水区、结构域、特征位点、二级结构等蛋白质性质,并同普通牛、猪和人的蛋白作了对比。结果表明：牦牛的HSP72蛋白共有641个氨基酸;在所分析的指标中,牦牛的HSP72蛋白与普通牛、猪、人相比存在着一定差异,这些差异是否与它们的分布和适应性有关,还有待于进一步研究。     

Rapid method for simultaneous determination of 20 components in Isodon nervosa by high‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry

Introduction – Isodon nervosa is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine including diterpenoids, phenolic acids, triterpenoids and volatile oil. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of multi‐components is important for its quality control. Objective – To establish a liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation–mass spectrometry method for simultaneous analysis of 20 bioactive constituents of Isodon nervosa in different places of China and different parts of this herb. Methodology – The optimal chromatographic conditions were achieved on a C₁₈ column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with with linear gradient elution with 0.1% aqueous formic acid : methanol containing 0.1% formic acid at a flow‐rate of 0.7 mL/min in 15 min. The identification and quantification of those analytes were achieved on a hybrid quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer. Multiple‐reaction monitoring scanning was employed for quantification with switching electrospray ion source polarity between positive and negative modes in a single run. Full validation of the method was carried out (linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection and limit of quantification). Results – The results indicated that the method was simple, rapid, specific and reliable. The proposed method was successfully applied for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of 20 chemical compositions in Isodon nervosa samples. Conclusion – Twenty chemical compositions in 21 batches of wild and cultivated Isodon nervosa samples from different sources had great variation in the contents. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

日本血吸虫新基因Sj-MA的克隆、表达及保护性免疫

为发现新基因 ,寻找日本血吸虫病新疫苗候选分子 ,采用Sj雄虫免疫血清筛选Sj成虫cDNA文库。经测序发现新基因Sj MA含有一个完整的阅读框 ,推测其由 2 4 9个氨基酸组成 ,编码分子量为 2 8.8kD的可溶性蛋白质 ,并带有多个能被磷酸化激活的位点 ,提示其可能为一重要的信息传递分子。将Sj MA的cDNA亚克隆至原核表达载体pGEX 5X ,获得Sj MA原核表达的重组体rSj MA/GST ,并在E .coli中高效表达为谷胱甘肽S 转移酶 (GST)融合蛋白 ,分子量为 5 4 .8kD ,Western印迹显示融合蛋白质能被抗雄虫和抗GST血清识别。融合蛋白质免疫小鼠可诱导 34.2 9%的减虫率 ,与对照组有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 1 )。表明新基因Sj MA表达的蛋白质能诱导小鼠的抗日本血吸虫的保护性免疫 ,提示其作为日本血吸虫疫苗候选分子的潜在价值     

中国猕猴桃属植物叶表皮毛策形态特征及数量分类分析

选取国产猕猴桃３５个分类群的代表植株,应用光学显微对其新鲜叶表皮毛的微形态特征,形体大小、细胞结构、分布和密度等多态性状和数量性状进行了观察和测量,该属植物的叶表皮毛微形态特征可归纳为６个类型：１）单细胞毛;２）单列多细胞毛,每形单列毛、泡状单列毛、扭曲毛、直壁单列毛、曲壁单列毛;３）多列渐尖毛和急尖毛,包括多列曲壁渐尖毛和急尖毛,多列直壁渐尖毛和急尖毛;４）多列粗毛,包括柱状毛,多列渐尖粗毛,多     

宁夏枸杞‘中科绿川1号’果实和叶片的主要成分分析

以国家林业局审定的宁夏枸杞新品种‘中科绿川1号’为实验材料,研究不同月份采集的枸杞叶片芦丁含量,以及果实总黄酮、总多糖、总类胡萝卜素、玉米黄素双棕榈酸酯的含量变化。结果显示,叶片芦丁含量在枸杞盛果期较低,抽条期较高;果实总黄酮、总类胡萝卜素、玉米黄素双棕榈酸酯的含量在头茬果中含量较高,盛果期果实含量较低;果实总多糖可能与果实量呈负相关;褐化果(俗称"油果")总黄酮含量与正常果差异不大,可用作提取枸杞黄酮类物质的原材料。研究结果可为枸杞果实分级、成分提取提供新思路。