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81.
Reversible succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities have been ubiquitously detected in organisms from the three domains of life. They represent constituents either of respiratory complexes II in aerobes, or of fumarate dehydrogenase complexes in anaerobes. The present review gives a survey on archaeal succinate:quinone oxidoreductases (SQRs) analyzed so far. Though some of these could be studied in detail enzymologically and spectroscopically, the existence of others has been deduced only from published genome sequences. Interestingly, two groups of enzyme complexes can be distinguished in Archaea. One group resembles the properties of SDHs known from bacteria and mitochondria. The other represents a novel class with an unusual iron-sulfur cluster in subunit B and atypical sequence motifs in subunit C which may influence electron transport mechanisms and pathways. This novel class of SQRs is discussed in comparison to the so-called 'classical' complexes. A phylogenetic analysis is presented suggesting a co-evolution of the flavoprotein-binding subunit A and subunit B containing the three iron-sulfur clusters. 相似文献
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84.
G Kh Goldshte?ne I B Tsorin G G Chichkanov 《Biulleten' eksperimental'no? biologii i meditsiny》1986,101(2):177-179
The experiments on rats with a 3-day myocardial infarction caused by the left coronary artery ligation have shown that multiple lidocaine and pyromecaine injections according to a given scheme decrease the size of the necrosis area. Drug effects were not related to their action on the blood supply of the ischemic area. 相似文献
85.
R V Balasiavichius A I Dagis A I Tole?kis A K Prashkiavichius 《Biulleten' eksperimental'no? biologii i meditsiny》1985,99(3):294-296
The influence of malate and cytochrome c on fatty acid oxidation under control and ischemic conditions was investigated. In the medium without malate, cytochrome did not make fatty acid oxidation decreased during ischemia return to normal. Oxidation in the media containing malate and cytochrome did not differ from control only when it was measured after preliminary oxidation of endogenous substrates. The ratio of palmitoyl-CoA and palmitoyl carnitine to the respiration rates at state 3 was unchanged at 60 min ischemia. Apparently, no changes in carnitine acyltransferase playing a role in oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA took place. Thus, the decrease of fatty acid oxidation at early periods of ischemia is largely caused by a reduction in the content of cytochrome c and intermediates of Krebs cycle in the mitochondria. 相似文献
86.
The receptor for asialoglycoproteins was isolated from murine liver and was purified by means of biospecific chromatography on sepharose-Asialo-orosomucoid. The obtained receptor with an absorption maximum at 277 nm binds to the nonreducing terminal galactosyl residues of glycoproteins similar to the receptors from liver of other mammalians. The interaction between this receptor and desialylated glycoproteins requires the presence of calcium. The dependence of specific binding on the concentration of [125I]acialo-orosomucoid used as a ligand gives a saturating curve. The dissociation constant for the receptor-ligand complex is 0.4 X 10(-9) M. Similar to asialo-orosomucoid, the receptor binds the p-aminophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside derivatives of bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin and acid alpha-glucosidase synthesized by us earlier. Possible use of the asialoglycoprotein receptor as a highly specific carrier transporting the modified acid alpha-glucosidase to hepatocyte lysosomes is discussed. 相似文献
87.
Guochun Yan Kyle Reeves Dominique Foix Zhujie Li Claudio Cometto Sathiya Mariyappan Mathieu Salanne Jean‐Marie Tarascon 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(41)
The Na‐ion battery is recognized as a possible alternative to the Li‐ion battery for applications where power and cost override energy density performance. However, the increasing instability of their electrolyte with temperature is still problematic. Thus, a central question remains how to design Na‐based electrolytes. Here, the discovery of a Na‐based electrolyte formulation is reported which enlists four additives (vinylene carbonate, succinonitrile, 1,3‐propane sultone, and sodium difluoro(oxalate)borate) in proper quantities that synergistically combine their positive attributes to enable a stable solid electrolyte interphase at both negative and positive electrodes surface at 55 °C. Moreover, the role of each additive that consists in producing specific NaF coatings, thin elastomers, sulfate‐based deposits, and so on via combined impedance and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy is rationalized. It is demonstrated that empirical electrolyte design rules previously established for Li‐ion technology together with theoretical guidance is vital in the quest for better Na‐based electrolytes that can be extended to other chemistries. Overall, this finding, which is implemented to 18 650 cells, widens the route to the rapid development of the Na‐ion technology based on Na3V2(PO4)2F3/C chemistry. 相似文献
88.
Michael D. Jensen Ji?í Bajnárek Sang Yeoup Lee Soren Nielsen Christina Koutsari 《Journal of lipid research》2009,50(9):1863-1869
The relationship between overnight postabsorptive (fasting) respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and plasma FFA concentrations was addressed using data from three separate protocols, each of which involved careful control of the antecedent diet. Protocol 1 examined the relationship between fasting RER and the previous daytime RER. In Protocol 2 fasting, RER and plasma palmitate concentrations were measured in 29 women and 31 men (body mass index <30 kg·m−2). Protocol 3 analyzed data from Nielsen et al. (Nielsen, S., Z. K. Guo, J. B. Albu, S. Klein, P. C. O''Brien, M. D. Jensen. 2003. Energy expenditure, sex and endogenous fuel availability in humans. J. Clin. Invest. 111: 981-988.) to understand how fasting RER and palmitate concentrations relate within individuals during four consecutive measurements. The results were as follows: 1) Fasting RER was correlated (r = 0.74, P < 0.001) with the previous day''s average RER, and less so with RER variability. 2) Fasting RER was correlated (r = −0.39, P = 0.007) with fasting plasma palmitate concentrations. 3) The pattern of the RER/palmitate relationship was similar within individuals and between individuals; a negative slope was observed significantly more often than a positive slope (χ2 test; P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that, despite a fixed food quotient, the slight departures from energy equilibrium in a controlled General Clinical Research Center environment can effect plasma FFA concentrations. We suggest that including indirect calorimetry as part of FFA metabolism studies may aid in data interpretation. 相似文献
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90.
N-糖蛋白去糖基化酶(PNGase)是一种广泛存在于真菌、植物、哺乳动物中的去糖基化酶,可以水解N-糖蛋白或 N-糖肽上天冬酰胺与寡糖链连接的化学键,并释放出完整的N-寡糖。PNGase在生物体内参与蛋白质降解、器官发育、个体生长等过程。人PNGase基因功能缺陷会导致先天性去糖基化障碍,小鼠PNGase缺陷会导致胚胎致死性,线虫PNGase缺陷使其寿命下降。本文对PNGase在不同物种的分布、蛋白质结构、酶学功能及生物学功能进行阐述,为PNGase的生理病理功能及致病机制的基础研究提供思路,为PNGase作为糖生物学工具酶或药物开发的创新应用研究奠定基础。 相似文献