中药有效成分治疗类风湿关节炎研究进展

中药治疗类风湿性关节炎(RA)有几千年的临床应用历史,积累了丰富的经验.近年来,国内外针对中药复方和单味药的抗RA作用开展了大量的实验研究工作,很多中药的活性成分(组分)和作用机制得到初步阐明,开发出青藤碱注射液、雷公藤多苷片和白芍总苷片等新型RA治疗药物.本文对中药有效成分在治疗RA方面的研究进展进行综述.     

角蛋白HGTP及其对羊毛发育的影响

羊毛的主要成分是角蛋白,其组分高甘氨酸-酪氨酸蛋白(HGTP)家族成员KAP6、KAP7和KAP8基因表达对羊毛细度和弯曲等特性具有重要影响。本文从羊毛的组成、角蛋白的生物学特征以及HGTP基因定位和表达对细度的影响等方面进行了综述,旨在为羊毛发育调控研究提供理论参考。     

Effects of rare earth elements on telomerase activity and apoptosis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

To study the effects of rare earth exposure on human telomerase and apoptosis of mononuclear cells from human peripheral blood (PBMNCs). The blood contents of 15 rare earth elements, including La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Y, were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay and flow cytometer analysis were carried out to analyze the telomerase activity and apoptosis of PBMNCs, respectively. The total content of rare earth elements in the blood showed significant differences between the exposed group and the control group. The rare earth exposure increased the telomerase activity and the percentages of cells in the S-phase and the G₂/M phase in PBMNCs, but it had no effect on the apoptotic rate of PBMNCs. Under the exposure to lower concentrations of rare earth elements, the telomerase activity of PBMNCs in the exposed group was higher than that of the control group, and there was no effect on the apoptotic rate of PBMNCs, but promoted the diploid DNA replication and increased the percentages of G₂/M- and S-phase cells.     

Expression of Oct4 in HCC and modulation to wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signal pathways

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered as a disease of dysfunction of the stem cells. Studies on stem cells have demonstrated that Oct4 plays a pivotal role in embryo regulation. In order to understand the role of Oct4 in HCC and the relationship among Oct4 and wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signal pathways, we have detected the expression of Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, STAT3 as well as the genes in wnt/β-catenin, and TGF-β families in HCC cell lines and in tumor specimens from HCC patients. The authors found that Oct4 was expressed in all of the four HCC cell lines and the tumor specimens from HCC patients. Some other genes were also expressed in them with different level including Nanog, Sox2, STAT3 and TCF3, wnt10b, β-catenin, ELF, Smad3 and Smad4. The ability of the clone formation and migration of the HepG2 decreased after Oct4 was knockdowned. Silencing of Oct4 and TCF3 in HCC cell line HepG2 revealed that there were complicated relationships among Oct4, wnt/β-catenin family and TGF-β family genes. Knockdowning Oct4 reduced the expression of TGF-β family genes ELF, Smad3, Smad4 and wnt/β-catenin family genes, wnt10b, and β-catenin but increased TCF3. In reverse, knockdowning TCF3 led to the increased expression of Oct4 and TGF-β family genes. In conclusion, the expression of Oct4 in HCC may play an important role as in stem cell. Because Oct4 improves not only the function of wnt/β-catenin, but also the TGF-β signal pathways, the significance of its expression in HCC might be more complicated than we evinced before.     

Design and fabrication development of a micro flow heated channel with measurements of the inside micro-scale flow and heat transfer process

The current work provides a design and fabrication technique for a micro channel system that can provide a uniform heat flux boundary condition on the channel wall and a well insulation on the wall to prevent heat loss from the channel to the outside ambient. Therefore, detailed micro-scale flow and heat transfer process and information along the channel can be studied. Semiconductor sensor material was selected to fabricate both the heaters and the arrays of temperature sensors on a silicon substrate. These heaters and sensors were then moved to a low thermal conductivity epoxy-glass substrate for fabrication of the channel. Design consideration and fabrication techniques involved in this processes will be discussed. A final measurement for the validation of the heaters and the sensors fabricated and a study of the flow friction behavior and the heat transfer coefficient distributions inside the micro channel will be presented. The local Nusselt number distrubution inside the micro channel is reported the first time in the open literature.     

戊型肝炎病毒实验感染恒河猴的研究

报道了用戊型肝炎(Hepatitis E, HE)病人粪便悬液感染恒河猴后的组织病理学、血液生化与免疫学以及病毒学分子生物学检测的结果.三只实验猴在感染后第3～4周均出现ALT异常;粪便以及肝脏与胆囊组织超薄切片中电镜观察到27～34nm大小的病毒样颗粒;病理组织切片观察表明,肝脏组织有典型的急性炎症病灶;粪便与血清经RT-nPCR扩增到戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E Virus, HEV)特异性片段,粪便排毒从感染后第7天持续至第50天左右,病毒血症迟于粪便排毒,出现于感染后两周左右,维持1～2周;ELISA检测发现,实验猴血清中HEV IgG抗体水平在感染后3～4周阳转,4～5个月后转阴.这些实验结果提示,恒河猴作为HEV感染实验动物模型是理想的,建立系统的恒河猴实验模型对探讨HEV感染发病机理、机体免疫应答以及临床诊断与疫苗研制具有重要意义.     

玉米酯酶同工酶和过氧化物酶同工酶的分子量研究

本试验利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶梯度电泳分步染色法直接对玉米苗期酯酶同工酶和过氧化物酶同工酶各酶带的分子量进行了比较测定。酯酶同工酶 E_1、E_2、E_3~F、E_3~S、a、b、c 各酶带的分子量分别为<20000,35200、33000、38500、29900、28500、34000道尔顿过氧化物酶同工酶 PX_4~F和 PX_4~S酶带的分子量分别为131000和149000道尔顿。根据酶带在均匀胶和梯度胶中的位置变化对各酶带的生化性质作了初步分析,发现 E_3~F和 E_3~S、PX_4~F 和 PX_4~S 在迁移率上的差异主要是分子量的差异。本文为同工酶的分子量测定提供了一个简便的方法。