美国蓝浆果的引种

１９８８年由美国引入１２个兔眼蓝浆果（ＶａｃｉｎｉｕｍａｓｈｅｉＲｅａｄｅ）品种,在江苏南京和溧水两地试种。１０年来生长结果正常,产量和品质与原产地无显著差异,引种获得成功,证明兔眼蓝浆果能适应本地区自然条件。单株产量平均７．５１ｋｇ,品种间差异显著,最高９．８６ｋｇ,最低１３４ｋｇ。单位投影面积产量３．１０ｋｇ／ｍ２,最高４．０６ｋｇ／ｍ２,最低１．１３ｋｇ／ｍ２。高于或至少不低于原产区产量记录。据此预测,栽植距离适宜时,在本地区亩产量可达１５００～２０００ｋｇ以上。大多数品种果实糖酸比很高,鲜食风味好,氨基酸含量中等,矿质元素Ｚｎ和Ｓｅ含量高。兔眼蓝浆果可在江苏南部丘陵地区发展;此外,还应将试验扩大到南方红黄壤地区;并对本国野生资源开展研究和利用。     

Functional Promoter -94 ins/del ATTG Polymorphism in NFKB1 Gene Is Associated with Bladder Cancer Risk in a Chinese Population

Background

A functional -94 insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs28362491) in the promoter of the NFKB1 gene was reported to influence NFKB1 expression and confer susceptibility to different types of cancer. This study aims to determine whether the polymorphism is associated with risk of bladder cancer.

Materials and methods

TaqMan assay was used to determine genotype among 609 cases and 640 controls in a Chinese population. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between the polymorphism and bladder cancer risk, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine NFKB1 mRNA expression.

Results

Compared with the ins/ins/ins/del genotypes, the del/del genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of bladder cancer [adjusted odd ratio (OR)  = 1.92, 95% confidence interval (CI)  = 1.42–2.59]. The increased risk was more prominent among subjects over 65 years old (OR  = 2.37, 95% CI  = 1.52–3.70), male subjects (OR  = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.40–2.79) and subjects with self-reported family history of cancer (OR  = 3.59, 95% CI  = 1.19–10.9). Furthermore, the polymorphism was associated with a higher risk of developing non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (OR  = 2.07, 95% CI  = 1.51–2.85), grade 1 bladder cancer (OR  = 2.40, 95% CI  = 1.68–3.43), single tumor bladder cancer (OR  = 2.04, 95% CI  = 1.48–2.82) and smaller tumor size bladder cancer (OR  = 2.10, 95% CI  = 1.51–2.92). The expression of NFKB1 mRNA in bladder cancer tissues with homozygous insertion genotype was higher than that with deletion allele.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the -94 ins/del ATTG polymorphism in NFKB1 promoter may contribute to the etiology of bladder cancer in the Chinese population.     

Optimization of soluble human interferon-γ production in Escherichia coli using SUMO fusion partner

Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is a broad-spectrum antiviral glycoprotein that produced by lymphatic T cells and natural killer cells those who had stimulated by antigen. Human IFN-γ (hIFN-γ) often used in clinical research and practice because of its bioactivity, for example, antivirus, antitumor, controlling cell apoptosis, and the strict selectivity. However, due to the difficulties of Escherichia coli expression system meet in protein folding, the hIFN-γ often existed as inclusion body. The production of soluble hIFN-γ can be developed to shorten the production cycle and decrease the cost. In this study, small ubiquitin-related modifier fusion technology was used to express and purify recombinant hIFN-γ. Expression induced by adding 50 mM arginine and 1 % (w/v) glycerol into the culture at 24 °C existed as a soluble form of 70 % in total protein. Finally, about 62 mg recombinant hIFN-γ was obtained from 1 L fermentation culture with no less than 96 % purity. Determined by cytopathic effect inhibition assay, the specific activity of the recombinant hIFN-γ achieved at 7.78 × 10⁵ IU/mL.     

Diversity and composition of understory vegetation in the tropical seasonal rain forest of Xishuangbanna, SW China

Tropical forests vegetation and community research have tended to focus on the tree component, and limited attention has been paid to understory vegetation. Species diversity and composition of the understory of tropical seasonal rain forest were inventoried in a 625 m2 area (for sapling layer) and a 100 m2 area (for herb/seedling layer) in three 1 ha plots. We found 3068 individuals belonging to 309 species, 192 genera and 89 families. The most important family as determined by the Family Importance Value (FIV) was Rubiaceae in both sapling and herb/seedling layers. In terms of Importance Value Index (IVI), the shrub Mycetia gracilis (Rubiaceae) was the most important species in the sapling layer and the pteridophyte Selaginella delicatula (Selaginellaceae) was the most ecological significant species in the herb/seedling layer. Much more vascular plant species were registered in the understory than in the tree layer totaled among the three plots. The species diversity did not differ significantly among the tree layer, sapling layer and herb/seedling layer. Given that we still know little about the understory plant community for growth forms other than trees, the results from the present study indicate that more attention should be paid to the understory vegetation during the decision-making process for biodiversity conservation in the tropical forests.     

Stat4 is critical for the balance between Th17 cells and regulatory T cells in colitis

Th17 play a central role in autoimmune inflammatory responses. Th1 are also necessary for autoimmune disease development. The interplay of Th1 signals and how they coordinate with Th17 during inflammatory disease pathogenesis are incompletely understood. In this study, by adding Stat4 deficiency to Stat6/T-bet double knockout, we further dissected the role of Stat4 in Th1 development and colitis induction. We showed that in the absence of the strong Th2 mediator Stat6, neither Stat4 nor T-bet is required for IFN-γ production and Th1 development. However, addition of Stat4 deficiency abolished colitis induced by Stat6/T-bet double-knockout cells, despite Th1 and Th17 responses. The failure of colitis induction by Stat4/Stat6/T-bet triple-knockout cells is largely due to elevated Foxp3(+) regulatory T cell (Treg) development. These results highlight the critical role of Stat4 Th1 signals in autoimmune responses in suppressing Foxp3(+) Treg responses and altering the balance between Th17 and Tregs to favor autoimmune disease.     

Inhibitory role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosome in non-small-cell lung cancer: microRNA-30b-5p,EZH2 and PI3K/AKT pathway

Exosomal microRNA (miRNA) exerts potential roles in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The current study elucidated the role of miR-30b-5p shuttled by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes in treating NSCLC. Bioinformatics analysis was performed with NSCLC-related miRNA microarray GSE169587 and mRNA data GSE74706 obtained for collection of the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs. The relationship between miR-30b-5p and EZH2 was predicted and confirmed. Exosomes were isolated from BMSCs and identified. BMSCs-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-30b-5p were used to establish subcutaneous tumorigenesis models to study the effects of miR-30b-5p, EZH2 and PI3K/AKT signalling pathway on tumour growth. A total of 86 BMSC-exo-miRNAs were differentially expressed in NSCLC. Bioinfomatics analysis found that BMSC-exo-miR-30b-5p could regulate NSCLC progression by targeting EZH2, which was verified by in vitro cell experiments. Besides, the target genes of miR-30b-5p were enriched in PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Animal experiments validated that BMSC-exo-miR-30b-5p promoted NSCLC cell apoptosis and prevented tumorigenesis in nude mice via EZH2/PI3K/AKT axis. Collectively, the inhibitory role of BMSC-derived exosomes-loaded miR-30b-5p in NSCLC was achieved through blocking the EZH2/PI3K/AKT axis.     

植物原生质体在分子细胞生物学研究中的应用

植物原生质体是去除了细胞壁的裸露细胞,其具有细胞全能性,现广泛应用于植物分子细胞生物学的研究中,可以大大缩减实验周期,并有助于得到体内实验的实时检测数据。该文除了介绍植物原生质体的提取和纯化方法外,还对国内外利用各种植物的原生质体进行细胞瞬时转化、亚细胞定位、细胞融合和大分子复合物相互作用等试验进行了总结和讨论。植物原生质体还可用于基因表达模式的实时检测,并作为生物反应器的受体细胞进行代谢物的体外生产。此外,还对当前该技术所面临的瓶颈进行了分析,为植物原生质体在分子细胞生物学领域的应用提供帮助,为技术的优化和推广提供参考。     

On-line clean-up and screening of oxacillin and cloxacillin in human urine and plasma with a weak ion exchange monolithic column

A weak ion exchange monolithic column prepared by modifying the GMA-MAA-EDMA (glycidyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monoliths with ethylenediamine was applied to remove matrix compounds in biological fluid. Using this monolithic column, on-line clean-up and screening of oxacillin and cloxacillin in human urine and plasma samples had been investigated. Chromatography was performed by reversed-phase HPLC on a C(18) column with ultraviolet detection at 225 nm. Results showed that the ion exchange monolithic column could be used for deproteinization and retaining oxacillin and cloxacillin in human urine and plasma, which provided a simple and fast method for assaying drugs in human urine and plasma.