安徽野生和自繁恒河猴血液生化指标的测定与分析简

目的 测定人工饲养条件下安徽野生和自繁恒河猴的血液生化指标,并比较分析两种来源的恒河猴,雌、雄猴间以及感染BV阳性与阴性恒河猴生化指标的差异性.方法采用全自动生化分析仪对安徽野生和自繁恒河猴的14个血液生化指标进行测定,并用统计学方法比较了相同性别的野生猴与自繁猴以及感染BV阳性与阴性恒河猴血液生化值的差异性.结果 野生猴与自繁猴雄性的生化指标普遍高于雌性,野生猴碱性磷酸酶、甘油三脂和谷氨酰基转移酶雌雄间差异显著;自繁猴碱性磷酸酶、白蛋白、血清Ca、甘油三脂、肌酐和谷氨酰基转移酶雌雄间差异有显著性.除谷草转氨酶、尿素氮和血清总胆固醇外,感染BV阳性较感染BV阴性的恒河猴所得生化指标高.结论 野生猴与自繁猴,雌雄间猴以及感染BV阳性与阴性猴的血液生化指标有一定的差异性.     

Proteomic Analysis of Interactions Between the Generalist Herbivore <Emphasis Type="Italic">Spodoptera exigua</Emphasis> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis thaliana</Emphasis>

In this study, comparative proteomics was used to investigate the interaction of Spodoptera exigua and Arabidopsis thaliana. By using 2-D electrophoresis of differentially expressed proteins, combined with high-throughput matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and MALDI-TOF/TOF MS, the changes in the abundance of proteins induced by insect feeding were studied in A. thaliana. More than 1,100 protein spots were reproducibly detected on each gel. The intensities of 30 protein spots in particular changed significantly, showing differences in volume of at least twofold. Among these, 17 protein spots were upregulated, and 13 were downregulated following an 8-h insect feeding period. Nineteen insect-feeding-responsive proteins were identified, all of which were involved in metabolic regulation, binding functions or cofactor requirement of protein, cell rescue, and defense and virulence, as assessed by Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences function category. About 50% of these were involved in metabolism, including transketolase, S-adenosylmethionine synthase 3, 2,3-biphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase, beta-ureidopropionase, GDP-d-mannose 3′,5′-epimerase, and fatty acid synthase. The identification of insect-feeding-responsive proteins on Arabidopsis provides not only new insights into insect stress but also a good start for further investigation of their functions. Understanding how the plant responses to insects in the proteomic level will provide tools for a better management of insect pest in the field.     

快速制备酵母质粒和基因组DNA PCR模板

发展了一个利用煮沸法快速制备酵母质粒和基因组DNA PCR模板的程序,成功地从低拷贝的ARSCEN酵母质粒和酵母基因组扩增到了相应基因。     

紫杉醇产生菌及其工程菌株之间的AFLP遗传差异分析

采用AFLP技术对三株紫杉醇产生菌(HQD33、HQD43、HQD54)及HQD33菌株经复合诱变后再经原生质体诱变得到的两株诱变株UL50-6和UV40-19及其融合菌株J1-3进行了分析,结果表明三株紫杉醇产生菌分属不同的种属,同时首次从分子水平上证实Z35-8,J1-3为两株不同的融合子,为下一步的基因工程育种工作中的基因定位和分子克隆提供丰富可靠的分子标记。     

人造血干/祖细胞多态性的研究:Ⅷ.人正常骨髓 CD34~ 造血细胞体视学的特征

人CD34~ 造血细胞是具有高度自我更新、多向分化及重建长期造血与免疫学功能的独特体细胞。为系统探索CD34~ 造血细胞的形态、细胞化学及超微结构特征,新近我们设计组合并建立了CIMS-100-FACS 440无菌二次分选术,可使所获CD34~ 造血细胞的纯度达100%。在此基础上,本研究采用Cambri-dge Quantimet 970全自动图像分析仪对光学显微镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜下的CD34~ 造血细胞进行了体视学方面的某些探讨,进一步从三维结构信息中深刻揭示CD34~ 造血细胞的形态计量学特征。经扫描→模数转换←阴影校正→图像暂存←统计分析等检测,结果表明:CD34~ 造血细胞的直径3.490—6.741μm,周长11.776—26.240μm,面积9.565—35.686μm~2,形状因子1.048—1.840,核浆比0.58—0.72,平均光密度0.17675—0.65100,积分光密度2717.217—9870.643。由此可见CD34~ 造血细胞的确为非均一细胞群,这可能与CD34~ 造血细胞的功能亚群与分化阶段密切相关。据我们所知,这是国际上首次有关人CD34~ 造血细胞体视学特征的报道。     

Predictive value of circulating miR-328 and miR-134 for acute myocardial infarction

MicroRNA (miRNAs) is demonstrated to be present in the blood of humans and has been increasingly suggested as a novel biomarker for various pathological processes in the heart, including myocardial infarction, myocardial remodeling and progression to heart failure. In this study, we aim to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating miR-328 and miR-134 in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Circulating levels of miR-328 and miR-134 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR in plasma samples from 359 AMI patients and 30 healthy volunteers. Concentrations of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) were measured using electrochemiluminescence-based methods. MiRNAs were assessed for discrimination of a clinical diagnosis of AMI and for association with primary clinical endpoint defined as a composite of cardiogenic death and development of heart failure within 6 months after infarction. Results showed that levels of plasma miR-328 and miR-134 were significantly higher in AMI patients than in healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed significant diagnostic value of miR-328 and miR-134 for AMI. However, neither of them was superior to hs-cTnT for the diagnosis. Additionally, increased miRNA levels were strongly associated with increased risk of mortality or heart failure within 6 months for miR-328 (OR 7.35, 95 % confidence interval 1.07–17.83, P < 0.001) and miR-134 (OR 2.28, 95 % confidence interval 1.03–11.32 P < 0.001). In conclusion, circulating miR-328 and miR-134 could be potential indicators for AMI, and the miRNA levels are associated with increased risk of mortality or development of heart failure.     

Effects of methotrexate on the viscoelastic properties of single cells probed by atomic force microscopy

Methotrexate is a commonly used anti-cancer chemotherapy drug. Cellular mechanical properties are fundamental parameters that reflect the physiological state of a cell. However, so far the role of cellular mechanical properties in the actions of methotrexate is still unclear. In recent years, probing the behaviors of single cells with the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) has contributed much to the field of cell biomechanics. In this work, with the use of AFM, the effects of methotrexate on the viscoelastic properties of four types of cells were quantitatively investigated. The inhibitory and cytotoxic effects of methotrexate on the proliferation of cells were observed by optical and fluorescence microscopy. AFM indenting was used to measure the changes of cellular viscoelastic properties (Young’s modulus and relaxation time) by using both conical tip and spherical tip, quantitatively showing that the stimulation of methotrexate resulted in a significant decrease of both cellular Young’s modulus and relaxation times. The morphological changes of cells induced by methotrexate were visualized by AFM imaging. The study improves our understanding of methotrexate action and offers a novel way to quantify drug actions at the single-cell level by measuring cellular viscoelastic properties, which may have potential impacts on developing label-free methods for drug evaluation.     

细叶黄芪叶肉原生质体发育早期细胞壁再生的研究

采用透射电镜术、电镜多糖细胞化学染色、细胞壁荧光染色以及香豆素抑制细胞壁再生等方法,对细叶黄芪（Ａｓｔｒａｇａｌｕｓｍ ｅｌｉｌｏｔｏｉｄｅｓ ｖａｒ．ｔｅｎｕｉｓ）叶肉原生质体细胞壁的再生及其化学特点进行了研究。结果表明,离体培养２４ 小时的原生质体表面产生一些突起小泡,有时可见少量纤维组分的形成。培养３ 天时这种纤维组分明显增多。至５ 天时可清楚看到再生壁是由纤维和颗粒构成。六亚甲四胺银染色证明它们都是由多糖组分组成的。另外,培养３６ 小时的原生质体有相互粘连的现象。电镜观察、荧光染色及香豆素处理的研究表明粘连与再生壁的形成有关。根据上述观察结果,对原生质体再生壁的结构及其化学性质等问题进行了讨论     

鸡视网膜母细胞瘤基因1(RB1)多态性与体重性状的相关性

为探讨鸡视网膜母细胞瘤基因1(Retinoblastoma1,RB1)多态性对体重性状的影响,文章以东北农业大学高、低脂双向选择品系肉鸡为实验材料,采用MALDI-TOF-MS、PCR-RFLP方法进行基因多态性检测和个体基因型分析,共获得27个SNP位点的基因型数据。采用滑动窗口法构建单倍型,进而利用单位点和单倍型分别与鸡体重性状进行关联分析。结合单位点和单倍型分析结果,确定了RB1基因上4个显著影响1周龄体重的SNP位点,2个显著影响1、3周龄体重的SNP位点。研究结果表明RB1基因是影响鸡早期体重性状的重要候选基因。