海绵生物活性物质及海绵细胞离体培养

介绍了来自海绵的生物活性物质种类、分布及其潜在的应用价值。讨论了其作为抗癌、抗病毒、抗细菌等药用的生物活性物质及其相关的海绵种属 ;强调海绵生物活性物质的商业化和临床应用所面临的“供给短缺问题”。作为解决这一问题的途径之一 ,海绵细胞离体培养是最有前景的技术。讨论了海绵细胞离体培养技术的研究现状 ,存在的问题及未来的发展趋势。对我国海域的海绵生物活性物质的研究开发现状进行总结 ,强调海绵研究对开发具有我国自主知识产权的新药、新化合物的必要性及重要性 ,并提出进行研发的可能优先领域     

Isolation and functional analysis of a Brassica juncea gene encoding a com-ponent of auxin efflux carrier

Polar auxin transport plays a divergent role in plant growth and developmental processes including root and embryo development, vascular pattern formation and cell elongation. Recently isolated Arabidopsis pin gene family was believed to encode a component of auxin efflux carrier (G(?)lweiler et al, 1998). Based on the Arabidopsis pin1 sequence we have isolated a Brassica juncea cDNA (designated Bjpin1), which encoded a 70-kDa putative auxin efflux carrier. Deduced BjPIN1 shared 65% identities at protein level with AtPINl and was highly homologous to other putative PIN proteins of Arabidopsis (with highest homology to AtPIN3). Hydrophobic analysis showed similar structures between BjPINl and AtPIN proteins. Presence of 6 exons (varying in size between 65 bp and 1229 bp) and 5 introns (sizes between 89 bp and 463 bp) in the genomic fragment was revealed by comparing the genomic and cDNA sequences. Northern blot analysis indicated that Bjpin1 was expressed in most of the tissues tested, with a relatively h     

HCV全长NS3基因表达及在抗体检测中的应用

丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)是引起非甲非乙型肝炎的主要病原因子.被HCV感染的病例中,超过50%以上会引起持续性感染、慢性肝炎,最终可能引起肝硬化和肝细胞癌[1].HCV严重威胁人类健康,但目前对丙肝患者尚缺乏有效的治疗手段,因此,严格把好血源关,提高对丙肝患者检出的灵敏度,是阻止丙肝血源传播的有效手段.     

人CD14基因的克隆及序列测定

采用PCR技术,从佛波酯乙醇刺激的HL-60细胞基因组DNA中扩增获得了1.1 kb的人CD14基因.序列分析表明,有四个碱基发生了突变,其中两处为首次报道.     

国家重点保护野生植物的保护现状及潜在分布区预测分析

野生植物是自然生态系统的重要组成部分,中国是野生植物种类最丰富的国家之一。研究国家重点保护野生植物的分布特征、保护现状以及潜在分布区,对于制定与支持生物多样性保护策略具有重要意义。该研究基于1 032种(隶属于129科315属)国家重点保护野生植物,利用前5%丰富度算法识别其热点地区,并与自然保护区叠加评估其保护成效、确定保护空缺,进而运用MaxEnt模型预测了国家重点保护野生植物的潜在分布区分布与变化趋势。结果表明:(1)中国南部和西南部是国家重点保护野生植物物种丰富度最高的地区,尤其是四川中部、云南南部和东南部、广西北部、广东北部与海南。(2)热点网格的保护成效分析表明,171个(85.50%)热点网格得到了有效保护(含80.50%的物种),29个(14.50%)热点网格未得到自然保护区的保护(含51.20%物种)。(3)通过比较当前与未来气候变化下国家重点保护野生植物的潜在分布区分布,发现未来潜在分布区将向西藏东南部、广西西南部、广东南部以及福建南部等地扩张,而向环四川盆地、云南南部和贵州南部等地缩减。因此,需要加强这些区域生物多样性的动态监测,持续关注气候变化对该区域国家重点保护野生植物的影响。基于该研究所确定的热点网格、保护成效以及潜在分布区的分析结果,可为国家重点保护野生植物多样性优先保护区的确定和保护政策的制定提供有力的数据支持与参考。     

鄂西南五种野生荚蒾属植物种群结构与动态特征研究

为探明鄂西南地区野生荚蒾属(Viburnum)植物的种群数量特征及区域分布状况，并揭示宜昌荚蒾(V.erosum)、桦叶荚蒾(V.betulifolium)、合轴荚蒾(V.sympodiale)、茶荚蒾(V.setigerum)、荚蒾(V.dilatatum)5种荚蒾属植物种群的生存现状及发展趋势，在鄂西南金子山国有林场、木林子国家级自然保护区及七姊妹山国家级自然保护区，共布设27 hm²固定动态监测样地对荚蒾属植物进行调查，通过对5种荚蒾属植物种群进行年龄结构、动态量化分析和静态生命表以及相关曲线等研究，探讨荚蒾属植物种群结构与动态特征及未来发展潜力。结果表明：(1)鄂西南荚蒾属植物在分布区域及种群数量大小上均存在明显差异。(2)种群结构与动态分析显示，5种荚蒾属植物种群年龄结构呈现为金字塔型，幼龄阶段种群个体数量较多，具有较强的增长潜力，但对外界干扰均具有较强的敏感性。(3)静态生命表显示，5种荚蒾属植物存活量均随着龄级的增加而单调递减；消失率与死亡率曲线变化趋势相似，但不同植物消失率与死亡率曲线波动具有差异性；种群存活曲线均趋近于Deevey-Ⅱ型。(4)4...     

Environmental controls over carbon exchange of three forest ecosystems in eastern China

Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was continuously measured using the eddy covariance (EC) technique from 2003 to 2005 at three forest sites of ChinaFLUX. The forests include Changbaishan temperate mixed forest (CBS), Qianyanzhou subtropical coniferous plantation (QYZ), and Dinghushan subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forest (DHS). They span wide ranges of temperature and precipitation and are influenced by the eastern Asian monsoon climate to varying extent. In this study, we estimated ecosystem respiration (RE) and gross ecosystem productivity (GEP). Comparison of ecosystem carbon exchange among the three forests shows that RE was mainly determined by temperature, with the forest at CBS exhibiting the highest temperature sensitivity among the three ecosystems. The RE was highly dependent on GEP across the three forests, and the ratio of RE to GEP decreased along the North–South Transect of Eastern China (NSTEC) (i.e. from the CBS to the DHS), with an average of 0.77 ± 0.06. Daily GEP was mainly influenced by temperature at CBS, whereas photosynthetic photon flux density was the dominant factor affecting the daily GEP at both QYZ and DHS. Temperature mainly determined the pattern of the interannual variations of ecosystem carbon exchange at CBS. However, water availability primarily controlled the interannual variations of ecosystem carbon exchange at QYZ. At DHS, NEP attained the highest values at the beginning of the dry seasons (autumn) rather than the rainy seasons (summer), probably because insufficient radiation and frequent fog during the rainy seasons hindered canopy photosynthesis. All the three forest ecosystems acted as a carbon sink from 2003 to 2005. The annual average values of NEP at CBS, QYZ, and DHS were 259 ± 19, 354 ± 34, and 434 ± 66 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹, respectively. The slope of NEP that decreased with increasing latitude along the NSTEC was markedly different from that observed on the forest transect in the European continent. Long‐term flux measurements over more forest ecosystems along the NSTEC will further help verify such a difference between the European forest transect and the NSTEC and provide insights into the responses of ecosystem carbon exchange to climate change in China.     

BldM对密旋链霉菌Act12形态发育及抗生素合成的调控

【目的】以多效生防菌株——密旋链霉菌(Streptomyces pactum) Act12为研究材料，探究转录因子BldM对生防链霉菌Act12形态发育及抗生素合成的调控作用。【方法】通过基因工程手段构建bldM基因缺失突变株△bldM及过表达突变株OE-bldM，利用扫描电镜观察、抑菌实验、高效液相色谱检测和实时荧光定量PCR探究缺失突变株△bldM及过表达突变株OE-bldM与野生型(wild) Act12在形态发育、生长速率、寡霉素产量及抗病原菌能力等方面的差异。【结果】经测序验证bldM基因缺失突变体△bldM及过表达突变体OE-bldM均构建成功，其中△bldM寡霉素D产量明显降低且无法形成气生菌丝，而过表达突变株OE-bldM的气生菌丝更加密集，产孢更为丰富。与野生型菌株相比，OE-bldM的寡霉素D产量增加了23%，编码寡霉素核心合成酶基因的转录水平上调了2-3倍，抑菌活性显著增强。【结论】全局性转录调控因子BldM不但能影响Act12气生菌丝及孢子形成，并且参与正调控Act12寡霉素的合成，本研究结果为转录因子BldM的调控功能进行了新的挖掘和补充，并为后续深入研究密旋...     

增强型肿瘤特异性启动子介导CDTK治疗肝癌的体内外研究

目的:探讨运用增强子上调肿瘤特异性启动子h TERT转录活性后,调控自杀融合基因CDTK对人肝癌细胞系Bel-7402的体内外杀伤作用。方法:将CMV增强子、h TERT启动子及CDTK自杀融合基因克隆入核糖体基因区打靶载体p Hrn,构建p Hr-Ce Tp CDTK-GFP治疗载体并转染Bel-7402细胞,经RT-PCR、HPLC、MTT检测CDTK基因的表达和对肝癌细胞的体外杀伤效果。再将Bel-7402细胞接种到裸鼠皮下致瘤,以肿瘤杀伤载体p Hr-Ce Tp CDTK-GFP进行瘤内转染并检测其抑瘤效果,此外将转染后的细胞接种致瘤,检测其成瘤时间及肿瘤生长曲线等,从两方面检测其体内杀伤效果。结果:成功构建了肿瘤特异性治疗载体,体外转染肝癌细胞后,经RTPCR、HPLC证明CDTK基因能在肝癌中表达,且治疗载体在体外对肝癌细胞有明显毒性。动物实验结果发现裸鼠致瘤后治疗组血清中5-Fu浓度为7.694μg/ml,治疗组肿瘤体积与对照组相比减小6.5倍。而细胞转染治疗载体后致瘤,治疗组成瘤时间比对照组晚8天,且治疗组裸鼠的平均生存期较对照组延长16天。结论:p Hr-Ce Tp CDTK-GFP载体能在体内外高效靶向杀伤肝癌细胞,为肝癌基因治疗提供了一种新的途径。