注意缺损多动障碍关联于DXS7位点

用单细胞凝胶电泳法检测了稀土化合物氯化钇和氯化镨对人外周血淋巴细胞的DNA损伤效应。结果表明,与对照相比,3种不同浓度的氯化钇和氯化镨均可引起淋巴细胞DNA受损后DNA迁移率的显著升高,受损伤细胞的百分率与对照差异明显,提示氯化钇和氯化镨具有一定的遗传毒性。 Abstract:The effect of DNA damage in human lymphocytes induced by yttrium chloride and praseodymium chloride was detected using SCG assay.The results showed that a highly significant increase in DNA migration in DNA-damaged lymphocytes was induced by three different concentrations of yttrium and praseodymium compared with the control,The percentage of DNA-damaged have genetic toxicity.The relevant points to this study are discussed.     

利用染色体消除法获得太谷核不育小麦纯合体

太谷核不育小麦的育性受单个显性雄性不育基因（Ｔａ１）控制,其不育株总是杂合（Ｔａ１ｔａ１）的,纯合不育株（Ｔａ１Ｔａ１）并不存在。实验以太谷核不育小麦（ＴｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＬ．）为母本和玉米（ＺｅａｍａｙｓＬ．）杂交,利用杂合子和幼胚细胞分裂过程中父本玉米染色体自发消除的特点,经过激素处理、幼胚拯救和染色体人工加倍,成功地获得了自然界不存在的纯合显性太谷核不育小麦新种质（Ｔａ１Ｔａ１）,并利用“玻璃化”超低温保存方法,将这一宝贵新种质长期保存下来。     

微生物硫代谢及其驱动下建立的生物生态关系

硫在环境中广泛存在,是生物细胞的主要构成元素,微生物、动物和植物的硫基础代谢途径之间存在着广泛联系.本文以微生物硫代谢为主线,全面总结了硫在3类生物中的4条主要代谢途径,并重点阐明了其共性、区别及联系.微生物参与了所有硫的主要代谢,是驱动硫生物循环的主要动力.微生物异化硫还原降低了环境中甲烷的挥发,微生物、植物实施的同...     

土荆芥挥发性化感物质诱导蚕豆保卫细胞死亡及信号调节

为了探讨入侵植物土荆芥的化感作用机制,以其入侵地广泛种植的农作物蚕豆叶片下表皮为受试材料,通过对保卫细胞的活性分析,研究了土荆芥挥发油及其两种主要成分α-萜品烯和对伞花素诱导保卫细胞死亡及其信号调节的机制。结果表明:土荆芥挥发油、α-萜品烯、对伞花素具有显著的细胞毒性,随着处理剂量增加,保卫细胞存活率显著下降,细胞核出现了畸形、碎裂和降解等程序性细胞死亡的典型特征;活性氧(Reactive oxygen species,ROS)、一氧化氮合酶(Nitric oxide synthetase,NOS)和Ca~(2+)的组织化学定位显示,在土芥挥发油、α-萜品烯和对伞花素作用下,保卫细胞内ROS、NOS和Ca~(2+)的水平明显高于对照组;活性氧清除剂(AsA)、Ca~(2+)螯合剂(EGTA)和硝酸还原酶抑制剂(NaN——3)均可有效缓解土荆芥挥发油、α-萜品烯和对伞花素的细胞毒性,显著提高了保卫细胞的存活率(P0.05)。上述结果表明,ROS、NO和Ca~(2+)参与了土荆芥挥发油、α-萜品烯和对伞花素诱导蚕豆保卫细胞死亡的信号调节过程。土荆芥挥发油、α-萜品烯和对伞花素诱导的保卫细胞死亡,可能是通过ROS和NO调控保卫细胞内Ca~(2+)水平的变化而引起的。     

江苏野生藤本植物多样性初探

通过野外调查和文献资料查阅,初步统计出江苏野生藤本植物共有35科74属153种,其中蕨类植物有1科1属1种,单子叶植物有3科4属12种,双子叶植物有31科69属140种。该区藤本植物以寡种科(属)、单种科(属)为主;地理成分复杂,具有明显的热带亲缘性,并受温带成分的影响。生长型以木质藤本为主(56.58%),草质藤本次之,其中,共有17科全为木质藤本,如木通科(Lardizabalaceae)以及防己科(Menispermaceae);共有13科全为草质藤本,如百部科(Stemonaceae)以及萝藦科(Asclepiadaceae)等;共有4科含木质与草质藤本植物,如百合科(Liliaceae)以及葡萄科(Vitaceae)等。高位芽植物最多(56.58%),地面芽植物(20.39%)、一年生植物(11.19%)、地下芽植物(8.55%)及地上芽植物(3.29%)的数量依次减少。该区藤本植物攀援类型可以分为4大类,以缠绕类居多(40.13%),其他依次是卷曲类(30.26%)、搭靠类(22.37%)以及吸固类(7.24%)。有性繁育系统以两性花最多(76.97%),单性花次之(19.74%),杂性花最少(3.29%);花序组成丰富,以无限花序占有绝对优势(71.05%)。     

祛瘀散烫疗对髋部骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓预防效果观察

目的观察中药制剂祛瘀散烫熨术对髋部骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的预防价值。方法选取髋部骨折术后患者100例,随机分为对照组和观察组各50例。对照组患者术后按常规方法护理,观察组患者术后在常规护理基础上于术后24h拔除引流管后加用中药祛瘀散对术肢进行烫熨,观察比较两组患者术前、术后组内及组间血浆D-二聚体指标变化情况。结果两组患者术前血浆D-二聚体比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后两组患者血浆D-二聚体比较,观察组明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论中药制剂祛瘀散烫熨术对髋部骨折术后下肢DVT形成有预防作用,可降低术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的风险,减少髋部骨折术后并发症的发生。     

Burkholderia cepacia胆固醇酯酶及其分子伴侣基因的串联表达及酶学性质的研究

为实现胆固醇酯酶的可溶性表达,以Burkholderia cepacia ST-200胆固醇酯酶为研究对象,将酶及其分子伴侣通过人工添加的SD序列在大肠杆菌中进行串联表达。通过SDS-PAGE电泳分析,胆固醇酯酶成功获得可溶性表达,摇瓶水平的总酶量为1 077 U/L。经过镍柱纯化之后可以获得一条相对分子量约为37 kDa的单一条带。利用圆二色谱解析胆固醇酯酶的二级结构,并测定Tm值,从最适温度、最适pH、热稳定性、pH稳定性及有机溶剂耐受性等方面对胆固醇酯酶进行研究,结果表明该酶在pH为7.0,45℃条件下表现出最大活力。     

海绵中石油降解微生物的分离筛选及降解特性研究

从大连湾原油污染海域生长的海绵中分离筛选到一株原油降解菌OA58,根据其生长形态、培养特征、16S rRNA序列相似性比对分析和生化指标检测,初步鉴定为脱叶链霉菌（Streptomyces exfoliatus）。同时,考察了该链霉菌对原油的降解效果,OA58能以原油为唯一碳源生长,在人工海水培养基中,14 d内对原油（初始浓度为1 g/L）的平均降解率为83%,是一株具有开发潜力的原油降解放线菌。     

小鼠精原干细胞不同转染方法效率的比较

本研究采用腺病毒感染、慢病毒感染、脂质体转染和电穿孔转化方法将含有绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）的质粒转入经过差异贴壁法初步分离纯化的小鼠精原干细胞(SSCs)中,转染48 h后通过流式细胞仪检测GFP阳性细胞比例比较4种方法在体外转染精原干细胞的效率.结果显示,脂质体转染效率最高仅为8.64%,不能满足对精原干细胞进一步实验的要求;电穿孔法效率最高达到25.27%,但转化后细胞大量死亡;腺病毒转染细胞的效率达到了32.4%;慢病毒转染效率最高,达到74.25%. 因此,慢病毒转染法是体外转染小鼠精原干细胞的有效方法.     

Phylogenetic positions of several amitochondriate protozoa

Several groups of parasitic protozoa, as represented by Giardia, Trichomonas, Entamoeba and Microsporida, were once widely considered to be the most primitive extant eukaryotic group―Archezoa. The main evidence for this is their ‘lacking mitochondria’ and possessing some other primitive features between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and being basal to all eukaryotes with mitochondria in phylogenies inferred from many molecules. Some authors even proposed that these organisms diverged before the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria within eukaryotes. This view was once considered to be very significant to the study of origin and evolution of eukaryotic cells (eukaryotes). However, in recent years this has been challenged by accumulating evidence from new studies. Here the sequences of DNA topoisomerase II in G. lamblia, T. vaginalis and E. histolytica were identified first by PCR and sequencing, then combining with the sequence data of the microsporidia Encephalitozoon cunicul and other eukaryotic groups of different evolutionary positions from GenBank, phylogenetic trees were constructed by various methods to investigate the evolutionary positions of these amitochondriate protozoa. Our results showed that since the characteristics of DNA topoisomerase II make it avoid the defect of ‘long-branch attraction’ appearing in the previous phylogenetic analyses, our trees can not only reflect effectively the relationship of different major eukaryotic groups, which is widely accepted, but also reveal phylogenetic positions for these amitochondriate protozoa, which is different from the previous phylogenetic trees. They are not the earliest-branching eukaryotes, but diverged after some mitochondriate organisms such as kinetoplastids and mycetozoan; they are not a united group but occupy different phylogenetic positions. Combining with the recent cytological findings of mitochondria-like organelles in them, we think that though some of them (e.g. diplo-monads, as represented by Giardia) may occupy a very low evolutionary position, generally these organisms are not as extremely primitive as was thought before; they should be poly-phyletic groups diverging after the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondrion to adapt themselves to anaerobic parasitic life.