Dynamic changes of mechanically activated channels and K+ channels at injury site of peripheral nerve in rat

Ectopic ion channels developed locally at the injury site after nerve damage by light ligation around common sciatic nerve of the rats. Different channel types have different processes of formation, accumulation and degeneration. During the first three days after injury, mechanically activated channels that are modulated by Ca++ channel activities first appeared. As the nerve fibers begin to be excited by TEA, a blocker of K+ channels, suggesting that the accumulation of K+ channels, the responsibility of mechanically activated channels was declining. Onset of K+ channels was from the 3rd postoperative day and lasted up to the fiftieth day. This time course of K+ channel development was closely related to allodynia and hyperalgesia of neuropathic animal behaviour. The results suggest that chronic contraction injury induces a dynamic change in the ectopic mechanically activated channels and K+ channels at the injury site of nerve and there is an interchange in the development time courses of the mechanic     

0.21nm分辨率BO-(L-精氨酸)牛胰岛素晶体结构研究

应用差值Fourier技术,立体化学最小二乘技术和XPLOR程序并辅以电子密度图的人工拟合,以三方二锌猪胰岛素模型为起点,解析了0.21nm分辨率BO-(L-精氨酸)牛胰岛素的晶体结构,最终R因子为18.2%,与标准键长与键角的均方根偏差分别为0.0022nm和 4.3°.从电子密度图与模型的拟合来看,独立区两个分子中B链N端加长的L-精氨酸清晰可见.相对于三方二锌猪胰岛素分子,B链N端晶体学微环境发生了变化.     

华北棉区第三代棉铃虫对棉花为害损失与经济阈值的研究

通过在华北棉区棉花蕾铃期阶段,连续５ａ的田间蕾铃脱落原因的观察,明确了在第三代棉铃虫的中常发生年份,影响蕾铃期蕾铃脱落的主要因素是棉株本身的自然脱落其脱落率占总脱落的９０％以上,而因第三代棉铃虫为害造成的脱落率在５％以上。根据田间棉铃虫Ｈｅｌｉｃｏｖｅｒｐａ ａｒｍｉｇｅｒａ（ｈｕｂｎｅｒ）３龄幼虫虫量与为害力的关系研究,结合多年第三代棉铃虫田间生命表,文中提出了三代棉铃虫的经济阈值为百株累计卵量     

酵母亚细胞结构分离效率评估菌株的构建 *

背景: 真核细胞依赖其亚细胞结构高效地完成复杂的生化反应。尽管目前有一些亚细胞结构分离技术,但却缺乏评估这些分离技术的简单、有效方法。目的: 构建可以用来检测亚细胞结构分离效率的酿酒酵母菌株。方法: 通过传统的分子生物学与细胞生物学方法以酿酒酵母为背景构建了亚细胞结构分离效率评估菌株,并进行可行性检测。首先,将酵母各细胞器、自噬体及质膜的标记蛋白进行分组,用不同的蛋白标签分别标记每组蛋白。然后,以标记蛋白-GFP/RFP作为对照组通过免疫荧光法检测蛋白标签对标记蛋白的亚细胞定位是否有影响。最后,通过非连续性密度梯度离心验证该检测菌株能否用来检测亚细胞结构的分离效率。结果: 成功构建了酵母亚细胞结构分离效率评估菌株,该菌株标记了大多数酵母细胞亚细胞结构。挂标签的标记蛋白仍然定位在各自标记蛋白对应的亚细胞结构。非连续性密度梯度离心后,酵母各个亚细胞结构的标记蛋白均可以被检测到。结论: 该酵母亚细胞结构分离效率评估菌株是检测各亚细胞结构分离结果的方便工具,对今后酿酒酵母细胞生物学的研究有潜在的应用价值。     

刺激家兔中脑导水管周围灰质抑制束旁核伤害性放电的脊髓上机制

本工作比较了家兔脊髓背侧1/2进行横切前后刺激中脑中央灰质对束旁核伤害性放电的抑制率的改变。实验表明中央灰质既可通过公认的脊髓下行纤维抑制脊髓水平的痛传递,减弱束旁核单位的痛敏放电,也可通过某种脊髓上机制实现对束旁核的抑制。我们对这两种机制的相对重要性作了分析。用直11个束旁核痛敏单位所作的计算表明,在脊髓切割前,刺激中央灰质可使束旁核痛敏放电抑制67.5%,脊髓背侧1/2横切后,同样的中脑刺激只能使痛敏放电抑制42.9%。如以切割前的抑制率作为直100%,则切割可使抑制减弱36.5%,这一部分抑制应当是由被切断的脊髓下行纤维实现的,其余63.5%则可能主要通过脊髓上机制来实现。考虑到脊髓背半部横切不可能全部切断下行纤维,故实际上脊髓上机制的重要性不会有上述数值表示的那么大。     

A Brief Contact with Early Embryonic Cells Induces the Differentiation of Embryonal Carcinoma Cells

An assay system was developed to detect a switch of mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells to the pathway for normal cell differentiation after a brief contact with normal embryonic cells. The system consisted of (1) the mixed aggregation of AT805 EC cells with 8-cell stage mouse embryos, (2) the stationary culture of the mixed aggregates into blastocysts and (3) the cell culture of inner cell masses isolated from chimeric blastocysts containing EC cells at 2, 3 and 4 days after the initiaion of chimeric aggregation. The number of foci of EC cells which appeared in the cultures of inner cell masses was decreased with a length of contact of EC cells with normal embryos as the mixed aggregates. After 4 days' contact, only fibroblastic and epithelial cells appeared in most cultures of inner cell masses. Examination of isozyme markers of GPI revealed that such cell cultures consisting of nonmalignant cells contained cells of tumor origin. Thus, it was concluded that a brief exposure to the environment of normal embryos can regulate the tumor cells to differentiate into non-malignant cells. This conclusion was substantiated by comparing the pattern of protein spots of the tumor cells with that of non-malignant cells of the tumor origin by two dimensional gel electrophoresis.     

裂新蚤的厘订及雄性形态描述（蚤目：多毛蚤科）

本文将裂新蚤Neopsylla schismatosa Li,1980改订为特新蚤裂亚种N.specialis schismatosa Li,1980,并首次记述其雄性,同时对雌性形态作了补充。     

赤眼蜂的产卵行为

赤眼蜂能在多种宿主卵中产卵寄生,并且还具有在人工物体上产卵的习性。Holloway早在1912年即观察到秋葵植物汁滴干燥结膜后,广赤眼蜂(Trichogramma evanescen)企图在其表面产卵。Salt(1935)观察到赤眼蜂有企图将产卵器插入玻璃珠,水银滴,植物种子等表面的行为。Hagen等(1965)试制人工蜡卵饲喂草蛉幼虫时,偶然发现赤眼蜂可以产卵在这种蜡卵内。近年来,Rajendram和Hagen(1974)曾用上述蜡卵引诱赤眼蜂产卵于盐水或氨基酸溶液内。总之,赤眼蜂可在不少的非天然的宿主或物体上产卵,并且所报道产过卵的物体都是球形的。Salt(1937)认为决定赤眼蜂产卵的因素是化学感觉,夜蛾中促使赤眼蜂产卵的物质是22—25碳的直链烷烃成分。但影响产卵行为的各种因素尚缺乏详细的分析。     

基于“心与小肠相表里”理论探讨肠道微生态与骨质疏松症的关系

近年来相关研究显示,肠道微生态在骨质疏松症的发生发展中起着重要作用。中医脏腑理论密切关注脏腑之间的生理病理关系,以中医经典《内经》“心与小肠相表里”理论为基础,探讨心、小肠、肠道微生态与骨质疏松症之间的关系。研究发现肠道微生态可能是心系疾病导致骨质疏松症的途径之一,这一发现可能为骨质疏松症的研究与防治提供一定的理论依据。