蓝藻门两新种

报道了采自黑龙江省五大连池的蓝藻门2个新种:绿刺星球藻、雅致伪枝藻。     

延迟交配对马铃薯块茎蛾繁殖的影响

[目的]为了明确延迟交配对马铃薯块茎蛾Phthorimaea operculella Zeller繁殖的影响.[方法]在室内条件下,设置雌雄延迟交配、雄虫延迟交配和雌虫延迟交配3种处理,观察延迟交配不同天数后马铃薯块茎蛾的交配率、交配持续时间、繁殖力和成虫寿命的变化情况.[结果]在3种延迟交配的情况下,延迟交配5d的交配率均是最低,且与雌虫延迟交配相比,雄虫延迟交配和雌雄虫延迟交配对交配率的影响更明显.延迟交配对卵孵化率和产卵量均有明显的不利影响,其中雌雄延迟交配、雄虫延迟交配、雌虫延迟交配三者的均在延迟交配2d时的产卵量最高,在延迟交配5d时的产卵量最低,且两性延迟交配、雌虫延迟交配之间有显著差异.此外,受到延迟交配的影响雌雄虫寿命均有所增加,并且与单一性别对寿命的影响而言,两性延迟交配对寿命的影响更为明显,与雌虫相比雄虫更容易受到延迟交配的影响.[结论]延迟交配会对马铃薯块茎蛾的繁殖有明显不利的影响,可以对迷向法对马铃薯块茎蛾防治提供一定的参考.     

辽宁省人工林樟子松径向生长对水热梯度变化的响应

基于树轮年代学的理论和方法,建立辽宁地区人工林樟子松年轮宽度年表网络,研究人工林樟子松树木年轮生长变化,探讨樟子松生长与气候变化的关系以及其对水热梯度变化的响应规律。结果表明,研究区各采样点人工林樟子松的径向生长变化呈现较为一致的显著下降趋势(P0.05),并且下降趋势由西北至东南降低。空间上水平上,研究区樟子松的径向生长与研究区降水和相对湿度的空间梯度变化吻合(P0.05),均呈西北至东南增加的特点;各采样点樟子松年轮宽度变化的平均敏感度与降水量、相对湿度显著负相关关系(P0.05),但与温度的正相关关系不显著。各样点樟子松径向生长与月降雨量和月平均相对湿度多呈正相关关系,与月平均温度多呈负相关关系,进一步表明区域水分因子对人工林樟子松生长的限制作用明显。     

基于荧光通用引物的多重定量RT-PCR基因表达谱分析平台的构建、优化及其应用

文章建立并优化了一种基于荧光通用引物的多重定量RT-PCR技术, 该技术采用了嵌合特异引物引导荧光通用引物的扩增方案, 多个目的基因被一对通用引物等比例扩增, 从而实现多重定量检测。该技术实现了经济可靠的中通量基因表达定量研究, 弥补了基因表达分析平台中cDNA芯片定量准确性低和Real-time quanti-tative PCR通量小的缺点, 完善了整个基因表达的分析过程。文章以小鼠X染色体上影响性发育启动的QTL区段为例, 选择11个目的基因进行了技术构建及优化, 确定了该技术的检测灵敏度为102拷贝, 通用引物与上游嵌合特异引物的比例以1:1为佳, 并且验证了该技术的重复性和准确性。降落式(Touchdown)PCR结合通用引物补加实验表明, 该优化步骤可大大改善低丰度表达基因的扩增。通过对2个品系(C3H/HeJ和C57BL/6J)15日龄小鼠的下丘脑和睾丸组织中的11个基因的表达分析, 在下丘脑中找到了一个差异表达的基因PHF6可用于进一步的基因功能研究。     

用cDNA微阵列研究内毒素休克小鼠肺组织基因表达谱的改变

利用cDNA微阵列检测了小鼠内毒素休克2 h及20 h肺组织基因表达谱的改变.发现内毒素休克2 h有128个基因表达上调,3个基因下调;内毒素休克20 h有51个基因表达上调,21个下调.并用RT-PCR进一步验证了结果的可靠性.初步分析了基因表达谱改变的意义.有助于从基因组水平阐明内毒素休克的分子机制.     

提高PCR扩增大DNA片段的特异性和产量

IncreasingSpecifityandYieldofPCRAmplificatingLongDNAFragmentLuYifan;DengJixian;XiaoChengzhu;MaQingjun(InstituteofBiotechnology,AcademyofMilitaryMedicalScience,Beijing100071)聚合酶链式反应（PCR）技术虽仅产生数年,却以惊人的速度广泛应用于分子生物学各个领域。它能快速、特异地扩增出任何所希望的目的基因或DNA片段,用于基因克隆、测序、突变体和重组体构建、基因表达调控的研究、基因多态性分析、遗传病和传染病诊断、肿瘤机制的探查、法医鉴定等诸多方面．目觎PCR扩增DNA片段长度可达到近50kb。这在生…     

丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白基因真核表达质粒的构建和表达

目的:构建丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)核心蛋白真核表达质粒,并在HepG2细胞中稳定表达.方法:采用RT-RCR方法从丙型肝炎患者血清中得到HCVC区的cDNA序列,然后克隆入pcDNA3.0载体,构建真核表达质粒pcDNA-HCV,并进行酶切鉴定和测序鉴定;采用脂质体转染技术将pcDNA-HCV稳定转染于HepG2细胞系,并用G-418进行筛选;采用Western Blotting方法和免疫细胞化学方法检测HepG2细胞中HCV核心蛋白表达情况.结果:从HCV感染者血清中扩增得到的503bpHCV cDNA序列.属于HCV 1型基因C区,并成功构建了真核表达质粒pcDNA-HCV.经Western blotting和免疫细胞化学检测,稳定转染的HepG2细胞中有HCV核心蛋白的表达.结论:成功构建HCV核心蛋白真核表达质粒pcDNA-HCV,并可以在真核细胞HepG2中稳定表达.     

The Connotation of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Anti-aging and Skin Whitening

Lycium barbarum is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant that has been widely used as a functional food and dietary supplement. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is an important active substance found in Lycium barbarum^[1]. It has been recorded in the “Ben Cao Gang Mu (Compendium of Materia Medica)” to have anti-aging and skin whitening effects. Previous studies havefocused on its antioxidant properties to explain its efficacy^[2]. However, the scientific understanding of the anti-aging and skin whitening effects of LBP, especially the underlying mechanisms, is still unclear. Wu et al. (Prog Biochem Biophys, 2023, 50(8): 1926-1936. DOI: 10.16476/j. pibb. 2023.0219) investigated the new function and mechanism of LBP1C, which is extracted from Lycium barbarum. This specific extract was found to delay cell senescence by promoting autophagy, thereby achieving the effects of anti-aging and skin whitening. As the era of aging approaches, the development of anti-aging drugs and strategies is now more focused on promoting healthy aging^[3]. This study demonstrated that LBP1C improved the motor ability of C. elegans during aging, promoting healthy aging. Mechanistically, LBP1C increased autophagy by promoting TFEB nuclear translocation, while reducing the accumulation of SASP and lipofuscin in cells and C.elegans. These findings provide new scientific evidence for understanding the efficacy of “skin whitening”. With age, the malfunctioning of autophagy can lead to the loss of proteostasis. Therefore, exploring direct modulators of autophagy is a promising approach for geroprotective interventions^[4]. LBP1C, as a natural autophagy activator, shows potential application prospects in this field.This study has revealed the potential of LBP1C extracted from Lycium barbarum in terms of antiaging and skin whitening effects by activating autophagy. These findings provide a scientific and theoretical foundation for further research in clinical applications. Consulting Lycium barbarum as a medicinal and food source offers promising opportunities for translation. However, despite the credible and comprehensive research conducted by Wu et al., there are still certain unresolved issues. For example, the mechanism by which LBP1C regulates TFEB nuclear translocation requires further exploration, and the effects of LBP1C on humans remain unexplored. In conclusion, this study utilizes modern scientific technology to elucidate the principles of traditional Chinese medicine. Given the contemporary need for healthy aging, the potential application of LBP1C is tremendous, offering exciting prospects for following translational studies.